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Review

Pregnancy Considerations in the Multidisciplinary Care of Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

1
Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
2
Divisions of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
3
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
4
Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Gynecology Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
5
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2022, 9(8), 260; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9080260
Submission received: 22 June 2022 / Revised: 26 July 2022 / Accepted: 8 August 2022 / Published: 11 August 2022
(This article belongs to the Section Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease)

Abstract

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a vasoconstrictive disease of the distal pulmonary vasculature resulting in adverse right heart remodeling. Pregnancy in PAH patients is associated with high maternal morbidity and mortality as well as neonatal and fetal complications. Pregnancy-associated changes in the cardiovascular, pulmonary, hormonal, and thrombotic systems challenge the complex PAH physiology. Due to the high risks, patients with PAH are currently counseled against pregnancy based on international consensus guidelines, but there are promising signs of improving outcomes, particularly for patients with mild disease. For patients who become pregnant, multidisciplinary care at a PAH specialist center is needed for peripartum monitoring, medication management, delivery, postpartum care, and complication management. Patients with PAH also require disease-specific counseling on contraception and breastfeeding. In this review, we detail the considerations for reproductive planning, pregnancy, and delivery for the multidisciplinary care of a patient with PAH.
Keywords: pulmonary hypertension; pregnancy; peripartum cardiovascular disease; cardio-obstetrics pulmonary hypertension; pregnancy; peripartum cardiovascular disease; cardio-obstetrics

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MDPI and ACS Style

Coursen, J.; Simpson, C.E.; Mukherjee, M.; Vaught, A.J.; Kutty, S.; Al-Talib, T.K.; Wood, M.J.; Scott, N.S.; Mathai, S.C.; Sharma, G. Pregnancy Considerations in the Multidisciplinary Care of Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2022, 9, 260. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9080260

AMA Style

Coursen J, Simpson CE, Mukherjee M, Vaught AJ, Kutty S, Al-Talib TK, Wood MJ, Scott NS, Mathai SC, Sharma G. Pregnancy Considerations in the Multidisciplinary Care of Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease. 2022; 9(8):260. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9080260

Chicago/Turabian Style

Coursen, Julie, Catherine E. Simpson, Monica Mukherjee, Arthur J. Vaught, Shelby Kutty, Tala K. Al-Talib, Malissa J. Wood, Nandita S. Scott, Stephen C. Mathai, and Garima Sharma. 2022. "Pregnancy Considerations in the Multidisciplinary Care of Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension" Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease 9, no. 8: 260. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9080260

APA Style

Coursen, J., Simpson, C. E., Mukherjee, M., Vaught, A. J., Kutty, S., Al-Talib, T. K., Wood, M. J., Scott, N. S., Mathai, S. C., & Sharma, G. (2022). Pregnancy Considerations in the Multidisciplinary Care of Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease, 9(8), 260. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9080260

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