Occurrence, Molecular and Antimicrobial Resistance of Enterococcus spp. Isolated from Raw Cow’s Milk Trade by Street Trading in Meknes City, Morocco
Abstract
Introduction
Methods
Samples collections
Isolation and identification of Enterococcus spp.
PCR amplification and sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing
Phylogenetic analysis
Statistical analysis
Results
Isolation and identification of Enterococcus spp.
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing
Sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes
Discussion
Conclusion
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of interest
References
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| Antimicrobial agent | Code | Disk concentration |
|---|---|---|
| Ampicillin | AMP | 10 µg |
| Penicillin G | P | 10 µg |
| Gentamicin | GEN | 500 µg |
| Streptomycin | STR | 500 µg |
| Vancomycin | VA | 30 µg |
| Enrofloxacin | ENR | 5 µg |
| Ciprofloxacin | CIP | 5 µg |
| Ofloxacin | OFX | 5 µg |
| Tetracycline | TE | 30 µg |
| Erythromycin | E | 15 µg |
| Nitrofurantoin | F | 300 µg |
| Fosfomycin | FOT | 50 µg |
| Chloramphenicol | C | 30 µg |
| Imipenem | IPM | 10 µg |
| Strains | Enterococcus spp. | Antimicrobial resistance profile* | MAR index |
|---|---|---|---|
| A13 | Enterococcus faecalis | AMP, TE, S, P, ENR, OFX, CIP | 0.5 |
| A17 | Enterococcus faecalis | AMP, TE, E, S, ENR, OFX, CIP | 0.5 |
| A18 | Enterococcus faecalis | AMP, TE, E | 0.2 |
| A20 | Enterococcus faecalis | AMP, TE, E, S, P, ENR, OFX, CIP | 0.6 |
| A6 | Enterococcus faecalis | AMP, TE, E, S, | 0.3 |
| A9 | Enterococcus faecalis | AMP, TE, E, S, P | 0.4 |
| S1 | Enterococcus faecalis | AMP, TE, E, S, ENR, OFX, CIP, F | 0.6 |
| S10 | Enterococcus faecalis | AMP, TE, E, ENR, OFX, CIP | 0.4 |
| S11 | Enterococcus faecalis | AMP, TE, S, F, FOT | 0.4 |
| S5 | Enterococcus faecalis | AMP, TE, E, S | 0.3 |
| S6 | Enterococcus faecalis | AMP, TE, S | 0.2 |
| A1 | Enterococcus faecium | AMP, E, S, P, ENR, OFX, CIP, FOT | 0.6 |
| A21 | Enterococcus faecium | AMP, TE, E, S, ENR, OFX, CIP | 0.5 |
| S7 | Enterococcus faecium | AMP, TE, E, S, ENR, OFX, CIP | 0.5 |
| S3 | Enterococcus durans | AMP, S | 0.1 |
| S12 | Enterococcus durans | AMP, S | 0.1 |
| S13 | Enterococcus hirae | AMP, S | 0.1 |
| Antimicrobial agent | No. of Enterococcus spp. isolates (n=17) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| S | I | R | |
| Ampicillin (10 µg) | 0 (0) | 3 (17.6) | 14 (82.4) |
| Penicillin (10 µg) | 13 (76.5) | 1 (5.9) | 3 (17.6) |
| Gentamicin (500 µg) | 17 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Streptomycin (500 µg) | 1 (5.9) | 4 (23.5) | 12 (70.6) |
| Vancomycin (30 µg) | 17 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Enrofloxacin (5 µg) | 9 (52.9) | 4 (23.6) | 4 (23.5) |
| Ciprofloxacin (5 µg) | 9 (52.9) | 7 (41.2) | 1 (5.9) |
| Ofloxacin (5 µg) | 9 (52.9) | 7 (41.2) | 1 (5.9) |
| Tetracycline (30 µg) | 5 (29.4) | 0 (0) | 12 (70.6) |
| Erythromycin (15 µg) | 5 (29.4) | 8 (47.1) | 4 (23.5) |
| Nitrofurantoin (300 µg) | 17 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Fosfomycin (50 µg) | 15 (88.2) | 1 (5.9) | 1 (5.9) |
| Chloramphenicol (30 µg) | 16 (94.1) | 0 (0) | 1 (5.9) |
| Imipenem (10 µg) | 16 (94.1) | 1 (5.9) | 0 (0) |
© GERMS 2018.
Share and Cite
Bouymajane, A.; Filali, F.R.; Oulghazi, S.; Ed-Dra, A.; Benhallam, F.; El Allaoui, A.; Anissi, J.; Sendide, K.; Ouhmidou, B.; Moumni, M. Occurrence, Molecular and Antimicrobial Resistance of Enterococcus spp. Isolated from Raw Cow’s Milk Trade by Street Trading in Meknes City, Morocco. GERMS 2018, 8, 77-84. https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2018.1134
Bouymajane A, Filali FR, Oulghazi S, Ed-Dra A, Benhallam F, El Allaoui A, Anissi J, Sendide K, Ouhmidou B, Moumni M. Occurrence, Molecular and Antimicrobial Resistance of Enterococcus spp. Isolated from Raw Cow’s Milk Trade by Street Trading in Meknes City, Morocco. GERMS. 2018; 8(2):77-84. https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2018.1134
Chicago/Turabian StyleBouymajane, Aziz, Fouzia Rhazi Filali, Said Oulghazi, Abdelaziz Ed-Dra, Faouzia Benhallam, Abdallah El Allaoui, Jawad Anissi, Khalid Sendide, Bouchra Ouhmidou, and Mohieddine Moumni. 2018. "Occurrence, Molecular and Antimicrobial Resistance of Enterococcus spp. Isolated from Raw Cow’s Milk Trade by Street Trading in Meknes City, Morocco" GERMS 8, no. 2: 77-84. https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2018.1134
APA StyleBouymajane, A., Filali, F. R., Oulghazi, S., Ed-Dra, A., Benhallam, F., El Allaoui, A., Anissi, J., Sendide, K., Ouhmidou, B., & Moumni, M. (2018). Occurrence, Molecular and Antimicrobial Resistance of Enterococcus spp. Isolated from Raw Cow’s Milk Trade by Street Trading in Meknes City, Morocco. GERMS, 8(2), 77-84. https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2018.1134
