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Volume 8
Issue 1
10.18683/germs.2018.1129
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Article

Characterization of Resistance to Selected Antibiotics and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-Positive Staphylococcus aureus in a Healthy Student Population at a Malaysian University

by
Zarizal Suhaili
1,2,*,
Putri ’Amira Rafee
1,
Norhidayah Mat Azis
1,
Chew Chieng Yeo
3,
Syafinaz Amin Nordin
4,
Abdul Rachman Abdul Rahim
1,
Mazen M. Jamil Al-Obaidi
1 and
Mohd Nasir Mohd Desa
1,5
1
Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
2
School of Animal Science, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, Besut 22200, Terengganu, Malaysia
3
Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Medical Campus, Kuala Terengganu 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia
4
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
5
Laboratory of Halal Science Research, Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
GERMS 2018, 8(1), 21-30; https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2018.1129
Submission received: 9 November 2017 / Revised: 17 December 2017 / Accepted: 25 December 2017 / Published: 1 March 2018
Versions Notes

Abstract

Introduction: This study aims to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from university students and to determine the prevalence of constitutive and inducible clindamycin resistance, the latter being able to cause therapeutic failure due to false in vitro clindamycin susceptibility. Methods: S. aureus strains were isolated from the nasal swabs of 200 health sciences students of a Malaysian university. Twelve classes of antibiotics were used to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles with the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) phenotype for inducible clindamycin resistance determined by the double-diffusion test (D-test). Carriage of resistance and virulence genes was performed by PCR on S. aureus isolates that were methicillin resistant, erythromycin resistant and/or positive for the leukocidin gene, pvl (n = 15). Results: Forty-nine isolates were viable and identified as S. aureus with four of the isolates characterized as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA; 2.0%). All isolates were susceptible to the antibiotics tested except for penicillin (resistance rate of 49%), erythromycin (16%), oxacillin (8%), cefoxitin (8%) and clindamycin (4%). Of the eight erythromycin-resistant isolates, iMLSB was identified in five isolates (three of which were also MRSA). The majority of the erythromycin-resistant isolates harbored the msrA gene (four iMLSB) with the remaining iMLSB isolate harboring the ermC gene. Conclusion: The presence of MRSA isolates which are also iMLSB in healthy individuals suggests that nasal carriage may play a role as a potential reservoir for the transmission of these pathogens.
Keywords: leukocidin; pvl-positive MSSA; MLSB; pvl-positive MRSA leukocidin; pvl-positive MSSA; MLSB; pvl-positive MRSA

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MDPI and ACS Style

Suhaili, Z.; Rafee, P.’A.; Azis, N.M.; Yeo, C.C.; Nordin, S.A.; Rahim, A.R.A.; Al-Obaidi, M.M.J.; Desa, M.N.M. Characterization of Resistance to Selected Antibiotics and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-Positive Staphylococcus aureus in a Healthy Student Population at a Malaysian University. GERMS 2018, 8, 21-30. https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2018.1129

AMA Style

Suhaili Z, Rafee P’A, Azis NM, Yeo CC, Nordin SA, Rahim ARA, Al-Obaidi MMJ, Desa MNM. Characterization of Resistance to Selected Antibiotics and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-Positive Staphylococcus aureus in a Healthy Student Population at a Malaysian University. GERMS. 2018; 8(1):21-30. https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2018.1129

Chicago/Turabian Style

Suhaili, Zarizal, Putri ’Amira Rafee, Norhidayah Mat Azis, Chew Chieng Yeo, Syafinaz Amin Nordin, Abdul Rachman Abdul Rahim, Mazen M. Jamil Al-Obaidi, and Mohd Nasir Mohd Desa. 2018. "Characterization of Resistance to Selected Antibiotics and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-Positive Staphylococcus aureus in a Healthy Student Population at a Malaysian University" GERMS 8, no. 1: 21-30. https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2018.1129

APA Style

Suhaili, Z., Rafee, P. ’A., Azis, N. M., Yeo, C. C., Nordin, S. A., Rahim, A. R. A., Al-Obaidi, M. M. J., & Desa, M. N. M. (2018). Characterization of Resistance to Selected Antibiotics and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-Positive Staphylococcus aureus in a Healthy Student Population at a Malaysian University. GERMS, 8(1), 21-30. https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2018.1129

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