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GERMS
Volume 7
Issue 4
10.18683/germs.2017.1123
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Article

Prevalence of sea, seb, sec, sed, and tsst-1 Genes of Staphylococcus aureus in Nasal Carriage and Their Association with Multiple Sclerosis

by
Zahra Pakbaz
1,
Mohammad Ali Sahraian
2,
Samira Sabzi
1,
Mahmood Mahmoodi
3 and
Mohammad Reza Pourmand
4,*
1
Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Poursina St., Tehran, Iran
2
MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Neurology Department, Tehran University of Medical Science, Sina Hospital, Hasan Abad Sq., Tehran, Iran
3
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Poursina St., Tehran, Iran
4
Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, and Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Poursina St., Tehran, Iran
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
GERMS 2017, 7(4), 171-177; https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2017.1123
Submission received: 21 February 2017 / Revised: 12 October 2017 / Accepted: 22 October 2017 / Published: 5 December 2017
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background: Microbial superantigens might initiate or exacerbate autoimmune responses against particular tissues, organs or systems. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of sea, seb, sec, sed, and tsst-1 genes of Staphylococcus aureus in nasal carriage and their association with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: Nasal swabs were collected from 150 MS patients and 150 healthy individuals (control group) to isolate S. aureus and investigate their superantigen genes (sea, seb, sec, sed and tsst-1) using PCR. Results: A total of 300 participants were enrolled in the study, matched for age and gender (150 patients in the MS group and 150 in the control group). The prevalence of S. aureus colonization in MS patients and control groups was 42% and 23.3%, respectively. There was a statistically significant association between S. aureus colonization and MS disease (p < 0.001; odds ratio 2.4; 95% confidence interval 1.4-3.9). No significant association was observed between the presence of S. aureus harboring sea, seb, sec, sed and tsst-1 genes with MS disease. Conclusion: The rate of S. aureus nasal carriage is higher in patients with MS. Our study’s results suggest that further investigation into whether there is a connection between MS and nasal exposure to staphylococcal superantigens is warranted.
Keywords: multiple sclerosis; Staphylococcus aureus; superantigen; nasal carriage multiple sclerosis; Staphylococcus aureus; superantigen; nasal carriage

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MDPI and ACS Style

Pakbaz, Z.; Sahraian, M.A.; Sabzi, S.; Mahmoodi, M.; Pourmand, M.R. Prevalence of sea, seb, sec, sed, and tsst-1 Genes of Staphylococcus aureus in Nasal Carriage and Their Association with Multiple Sclerosis. GERMS 2017, 7, 171-177. https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2017.1123

AMA Style

Pakbaz Z, Sahraian MA, Sabzi S, Mahmoodi M, Pourmand MR. Prevalence of sea, seb, sec, sed, and tsst-1 Genes of Staphylococcus aureus in Nasal Carriage and Their Association with Multiple Sclerosis. GERMS. 2017; 7(4):171-177. https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2017.1123

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pakbaz, Zahra, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, Samira Sabzi, Mahmood Mahmoodi, and Mohammad Reza Pourmand. 2017. "Prevalence of sea, seb, sec, sed, and tsst-1 Genes of Staphylococcus aureus in Nasal Carriage and Their Association with Multiple Sclerosis" GERMS 7, no. 4: 171-177. https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2017.1123

APA Style

Pakbaz, Z., Sahraian, M. A., Sabzi, S., Mahmoodi, M., & Pourmand, M. R. (2017). Prevalence of sea, seb, sec, sed, and tsst-1 Genes of Staphylococcus aureus in Nasal Carriage and Their Association with Multiple Sclerosis. GERMS, 7(4), 171-177. https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2017.1123

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