A Rare Case of Empyema Due to Cutibacterium acnes in the Setting of COVID-19

Introduction: Cutibacterium acnes is a Gram-positive anaerobic rod that is part of the normal skin flora, as well as the oral cavity, genitourinary and gastrointestinal tracts. When detected, it is usually considered contaminant; but it is infrequently responsible for invasive infections, mainly neurosurgical and joint infections. It is rarely found as a pathogen responsible for lung infections or empyema. Case report: We present a unique case of C. acnes empyema following severe COVID-19, making this the first documented case of empyema due to this bacterium following COVID-19. The microorganism was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The patient was treated with a combination of antibiotics and surgical intervention. Conclusions: This case demonstrates the potential severity of C. acnes empyema. Further studies are needed to establish management guidance.