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Volume 11
Issue 4
10.18683/germs.2021.1287
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GERMS is published by MDPI from Volume 25 Issue 4 (2025). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with the former publisher Infection Science Forum S.R.L..
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Article

Antimicrobial Use Among Hospitalized Patients: A Multi-Center, Point Prevalence Survey Across Public Healthcare Facilities, Osun State, Nigeria

by
Aaron O. Aboderin
1,2,*,
Adeyemi T. Adeyemo
2,3,
Ademola A. Olayinka
4,
Adeniyi S. Oginni
5,
Abolaji T. Adeyemo
6,
Abayomi A. Oni
7,
Olatunde F. Olabisi
2,3,
Oluwaseun D. Fayomi
2,3,
Anthony C. Anuforo
2,3,
Abiodun Egwuenu
8,
Omotayo Hamzat
9 and
Walter Fuller
10
1
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife PMB 5538, Nigeria
2
Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife PMB 5538, Nigeria
3
Department of Medical Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife PMB 5538, Nigeria
4
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife PMB 13, Nigeria
5
Osun State Health Insurance Scheme, Ogo-Oluwa, Osogbo, Nigeria
6
Department of Medical Microbiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, , Osogbo PMB 5000, Nigeria
7
Directorate of Medical Services, Hospital Management Board, Abere, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
8
Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Jabi, Abuja, Nigeria
9
World Health Organization, Abuja PMB 2861, Nigeria
10
World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville P.O. Box 06, Congo
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
GERMS 2021, 11(4), 523-535; https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2021.1287
Submission received: 28 June 2021 / Revised: 26 October 2021 / Accepted: 30 October 2021 / Published: 29 December 2021
Versions Notes

Abstract

Introduction: In order to inform sub-national action plan for control of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and benchmark interventions to improve antibiotic use, it is essential to define situations on antibiotic use using standardized tools. We sought to assess quality of antimicrobial prescription across all government healthcare facilities with capacities for in-patient care in the first of the 36 states in Nigeria as part of ongoing state-wide situation analysis on AMR. Methods: A survey was conducted between 10–27 June 2019 using the WHO methodology for point prevalence survey on antibiotic use in hospitals. Data was collected from hospital administrators and records of hospitalized patients. Data analysis was done using Microsoft Excel 2010 (Redmond Washington). Results: Prevalence of antibiotic use amongst all 321 included patients was 76.6% (246/321). Of all indications recorded, the highest was surgical prophylaxis (96/260, 36.9%) for which there were multiple doses beyond 24 h in almost all cases (91/96, 94.8%). The largest volume of prescribing took place in the surgical wards, and the most common prescriptions were metronidazole (142/564, 25.2%), cefuroxime (104/564, 18.4%), and ceftriaxone (77/564, 13.7%). Overall, 46.3% of the antibiotics used belong to Access group, 53.5% to watch and only 0.2% to Reserve. Treatment in almost all instances 544/563 (96.6%) was empiric. Conclusions: The majority of patients received multiple antibiotics mostly without compliance to guidelines. There was low prescribing of Access antibiotics and excessive use of antibiotics in the Watch group. Antibiotics were used most commonly for surgical prophylaxis but inappropriately. Inappropriate use of antibiotics in this study underscores the crucial need for an action plan incorporating antimicrobial stewardship.
Keywords: antimicrobial; stewardship; prescribing; Osun state antimicrobial; stewardship; prescribing; Osun state

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MDPI and ACS Style

Aboderin, A.O.; Adeyemo, A.T.; Olayinka, A.A.; Oginni, A.S.; Adeyemo, A.T.; Oni, A.A.; Olabisi, O.F.; Fayomi, O.D.; Anuforo, A.C.; Egwuenu, A.; et al. Antimicrobial Use Among Hospitalized Patients: A Multi-Center, Point Prevalence Survey Across Public Healthcare Facilities, Osun State, Nigeria. GERMS 2021, 11, 523-535. https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2021.1287

AMA Style

Aboderin AO, Adeyemo AT, Olayinka AA, Oginni AS, Adeyemo AT, Oni AA, Olabisi OF, Fayomi OD, Anuforo AC, Egwuenu A, et al. Antimicrobial Use Among Hospitalized Patients: A Multi-Center, Point Prevalence Survey Across Public Healthcare Facilities, Osun State, Nigeria. GERMS. 2021; 11(4):523-535. https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2021.1287

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aboderin, Aaron O., Adeyemi T. Adeyemo, Ademola A. Olayinka, Adeniyi S. Oginni, Abolaji T. Adeyemo, Abayomi A. Oni, Olatunde F. Olabisi, Oluwaseun D. Fayomi, Anthony C. Anuforo, Abiodun Egwuenu, and et al. 2021. "Antimicrobial Use Among Hospitalized Patients: A Multi-Center, Point Prevalence Survey Across Public Healthcare Facilities, Osun State, Nigeria" GERMS 11, no. 4: 523-535. https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2021.1287

APA Style

Aboderin, A. O., Adeyemo, A. T., Olayinka, A. A., Oginni, A. S., Adeyemo, A. T., Oni, A. A., Olabisi, O. F., Fayomi, O. D., Anuforo, A. C., Egwuenu, A., Hamzat, O., & Fuller, W. (2021). Antimicrobial Use Among Hospitalized Patients: A Multi-Center, Point Prevalence Survey Across Public Healthcare Facilities, Osun State, Nigeria. GERMS, 11(4), 523-535. https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2021.1287

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