Heparanase (HPSE) Associates with the Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Public Datasets and Clinical Samples
2.2. Immune Cell Infiltration Evaluation
2.3. Immunohistochemical Staining (IHC)
2.4. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA)
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. HPSE Expression in Different Molecular Subtypes of CRC and Its Association with PD-L1 Expression and TMB
3.2. Higher HPSE Expression Associated with an Increased Infiltration of Immune Cells
3.3. Immune Pathways Were Enriched in the HPSE Expression-High Group
3.4. Correlations between HPSE Expression and Immune Genes
3.5. Poor Survival in pMMR mCRC Patients with High HPSE Expression
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Number of Patients | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
TCGA | GSE39582 | ZS Cohort | ||
Total | 457 | 510 | 69 | |
Gender | Female | 213 | 233 | 23 |
Male | 241 | 277 | 46 | |
Age | Mean (SD) | 66.4 (12.7) | 66.9 (13.1) | 60.1 (10.25) |
Site | Left | 223 | 303 | 46 |
Right | 141 | 207 | 23 | |
CMS | CMS1 | 45 | 86 | - |
CMS2 | 175 | 204 | - | |
CMS3 | 47 | 65 | - | |
CMS4 | 101 | 113 | - | |
MMR | dMMR | 52 | 72 | 0 |
pMMR | 403 | 391 | 69 | |
BRAF | Mutant | 31 | 51 | 3 |
Wildtype | 426 | 459 | 66 | |
KRAS | Mutant | 123 | 204 | 37 |
Wildtype | 334 | 306 | 32 | |
Metastasis | M0 | 365 | 446 | 29 |
M1 | 70 | 60 | 40 |
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Liu, M.; Liu, Q.; Yuan, Y.; Li, S.; Dong, Y.; Liang, L.; Zou, Z.; Liu, T. Heparanase (HPSE) Associates with the Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer. Processes 2021, 9, 1605. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9091605
Liu M, Liu Q, Yuan Y, Li S, Dong Y, Liang L, Zou Z, Liu T. Heparanase (HPSE) Associates with the Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer. Processes. 2021; 9(9):1605. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9091605
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Mengling, Qing Liu, Yitao Yuan, Suyao Li, Yu Dong, Li Liang, Zhiguo Zou, and Tianshu Liu. 2021. "Heparanase (HPSE) Associates with the Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer" Processes 9, no. 9: 1605. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9091605