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Article
Peer-Review Record

Optimization of the Flow of Parts in the Process of Brake Caliper Regeneration Using the System Dynamics Method

Processes 2024, 12(1), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12010016
by Paweł Litwin 1, Arkadiusz Gola 2,*, Łukasz Wójcik 3 and Michał Cioch 4
Reviewer 1: Anonymous
Reviewer 2: Anonymous
Reviewer 3: Anonymous
Processes 2024, 12(1), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12010016
Submission received: 22 November 2023 / Revised: 11 December 2023 / Accepted: 14 December 2023 / Published: 20 December 2023
(This article belongs to the Topic Modern Technologies and Manufacturing Systems, 2nd Volume)

Round 1

Reviewer 1 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

Please explain FIFO shortcut.

Name of the Figure 4 is in Polish language.

In the following text use commas to separate paragraphs.

"- Body
- Brake caliper piston
- Lever, bracket and spring (in the case of Handbrake),
- Air vent  ,"

Additional comments:

AD1. The main question is optimization of brake caliper remanufacturing (recovery process), like I answered in the review. The issue is topical, the use of the SD method in the process of surface regeneration is new. Basically, it is about improving the quality of the recovery process. The main question is the possibilities of optimizing the process.

AD2. Yes, original and necessary from the point of view of sustainability (...maybe also suitable for SUSTAINABILITY MDPI Journal).

AD3. The research adds value to the subject area by providing a detailed breakdown of each phase of the regeneration process, incorporating surface regeneration, quality control, and employing the System Dynamics method for modeling in Vensim software. This approach offers a unique perspective compared to other published material.

AD4. Regarding the methodology, the authors might consider providing more information on the specific parameters used in the System Dynamics method and modeling. Additionally, further details on the selection criteria for automatic transport devices and the considerations for determining the optimal batch size....

AD5. The conclusions appear to be consistent with the evidence and arguments presented. To strengthen the paper, the authors could provide more explicit connections between the key findings and their implications for optimizing the refurbishment process in the automotive industry. The authors might consider providing more details on the limitations of the System Dynamics method in the context of their study.

AD6. References are adequate.

AD7. Figures and tables are understandable. I don't know, if the process diagrams will be readable at this resolution in the final version.

Author Response

Dear Madam / Dear Sir,

We would like to thank you very much for your effort put into reviewing our paper and all very valuable remarks which gave us opportunity to improve it. Taking into account all received remarks we made necessary improvements directly in the manuscript. All responses to received questions we present in the table below.

Yours faithfully,

Authors

 

Remark

Reply

Please explain FIFO shortcut.

We have added the explanation of this shortcut (page. 4, the last line).

Name of the Figure 4 is in Polish language.

We have translated the name of figure.

In the following text use commas to separate paragraphs.

 

"- Body

- Brake caliper piston

- Lever, bracket and spring (in the case of Handbrake),

- Air vent  ,"

The paragraph has been corrected.

AD4. Regarding the methodology, the authors might consider providing more information on the specific parameters used in the System Dynamics method and modeling. Additionally, further details on the selection criteria for automatic transport devices and the considerations for determining the optimal batch size....

Following you suggestion we have added additional information in the body of the manuscript:  “Due to the measured times of technological and transportation operations, in many cases less than a minute in the model, 1 second was adopted as the basic unit of time. The results of the simulation experiment were recorded at each time step, i.e. every second. The simulation time of the brake caliper remanufacturing process depended mainly on the throughput of the production stations and the size of the production and transportation batch, and ranged from 24,000 to 69,000 seconds. Due to the abrupt changes in the values of the flow streams (e.g., the start of the transport operation after the required amount of material has been collected), the Euler integration technique was adopted during the simulation.”  

 

Reviewer 2 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

The topic of the article is relevant because optimization of production processes, including supply chains, is the basis for increasing the economic efficiency of any production.

A positive aspect of the publication is the practical orientation of the work.

 

1. The first section provides an introduction. The problem of restoration production, as well as transportation and storage of children is described.

2. The second section provides a literature review, which is mainly based on modern literature.

3. The third section describes the research methodology. The problem and solution that the authors are working on is described in more detail. Then the characteristics of the products and the remanufacturing process are given.

4. The fourth section describes the process of modeling a line for the restoration of parts. The initial data for developing the model and structural diagrams of the production process are provided.

5. The fifth section provides modeling of logistics processes during restoration production.

5. In the last sixth section, which is designated as the fifth, conclusions are presented based on the results obtained in the work.

 

Notes

1. reference 1 is not in the list of references. Judging by sections 1 and 2 of the article, which contain 34 references, and the list of references 35, there was simply an error in the design of the list of references.

2. Text formatting is careless in some places. There are also some typos.

3. Figure 14 and its signature on different pages.

4. Section designations are duplicated (twice the 5th section).

5. The structure of the article as a whole is ambiguous. The introduction and overview could be combined. It would also be possible to combine sections 3 and 4, since they are more methodological.

 

General conclusion about the article:

Despite the comments, the article is written quite well. The illustrations are high quality and clear. The tables provide the necessary quantitative information.

Author Response

Dear Madam / Dear Sir,

We would like to thank you very much for your effort put into reviewing our paper and all very valuable remarks which gave us opportunity to improve it. Taking into account all received remarks we made necessary improvements directly in the manuscript. All responses to received questions we present in the table below.

Yours faithfully,

Authors

 

Remark

Reply

reference 1 is not in the list of references. Judging by sections 1 and 2 of the article, which contain 34 references, and the list of references 35, there was simply an error in the design of the list of references.

Section numbering has been corrected.

 

Text formatting is careless in some places. There are also some typos.

We have read the whole manuscript and corrected all noticed mistakes and typos.

Figure 14 and its signature on different pages.

Formatting corrected

Section designations are duplicated (twice the 5th section).

Section numbering has been corrected.

The structure of the article as a whole is ambiguous. The introduction and overview could be combined. It would also be possible to combine sections 3 and 4, since they are more methodological.

Following your suggestion we have combined the Introduction and Literature review sections. However we did not decide to combine 3 and 4 sections. In our opinion joining this two sections would make the new one to long and not attractive for the reader.

 

Reviewer 3 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

This paper is well written. Also I recommend it for publication pending minor revisions. My comments in below:

(1) There is no conclusion at the end of Abstract section.

(2) Section 1 the Introduction and section 2 the literature review should be together which reduces the number of pages.

(3) The research is about the industrial engineering field. Did the author used the technique of programming logic controls (PLC). Is figure 8 represents the layout of the stations and cells. Please explain.

(4) In section 5.2 when the author try to eliminate the bottleneck of the brake caliper. I do see in figure 9a the response is periodic while in figure 9c, the motion is chaos. Is the chaos will affect the manufacturing process? Also the same thing for figure 10 and figure 11.  Please explain.

(5) Does figure 14 represents the verification between the simulation results and the experiment procedure?

(6) The conclusion is very long and needs to be paraphrased.

(7) The reference section needs more attention. Reference no. 1 is empty. Reference no. 22 does not have name. The last names of Litwin and Gola have been coming couple times in the reference section. Please be aware from the self-citation.

Author Response

Dear Madam / Dear Sir,

We would like to thank you very much for your effort put into reviewing our paper and all very valuable remarks which gave us opportunity to improve it. Taking into account all received remarks we made necessary improvements directly in the manuscript. All responses to received questions we present in the table below.

Yours faithfully,

Authors

 

Remark

Reply

(1) There is no conclusion at the end of Abstract section.

We have added the conclusion at the end of Abstract.

(2) Section 1 the Introduction and section 2 the literature review should be together which reduces the number of pages.

Following your suggestions we have combined Introduction and Literature review sections.

(3) The research is about the industrial engineering field. Did the author used the technique of programming logic controls (PLC). Is figure 8 represents the layout of the stations and cells. Please explain.

Figure 8. shows a model of the brake caliper remanufacturing process. This model is a representation of the actual process. It reflects the flow of material through successive technological operations. It takes into account transport processes and material storage locations (input and output trays of individual stations).

(4) In section 5.2 when the author try to eliminate the bottleneck of the brake caliper. I do see in figure 9a the response is periodic while in figure 9c, the motion is chaos. Is the chaos will affect the manufacturing process? Also the same thing for figure 10 and figure 11.  Please explain.

The inventory level of each bin is the difference of the material inflow from the upstream process and the material outflow to the downstream process.  All processes (Table 2) have different processing times (throughput) therefore the inventory change can be different for each bin. In addition, the size of the transport batch delivered to the bin is important. For example, in Fig. 9a a batch of 40 pcs (after the washing operation) is delivered, and in Fig. 9c the transport batch (after the assembly operation) includes 5 pcs. In each of Figures 9 - 11, it is possible to indicate the stages of increasing the level of material (delivery from the preceding process) and outflow of material (processing in the next process), but it is not chaos.

Does figure 14 represents the verification between the simulation results and the experiment procedure?

Figure 14 shows the results of a series of simulation experiments. It shows the lead time and linear approximation of the lead time depending on the assumed transport lot size. In addition, it shows the number of transport operations for the adopted lot sizes. The data presented shows the need to find a balance between decreasing lead time with decreasing transport lot size, which is simultaneously accompanied by an increase in the number of transport operations.

 

(6) The conclusion is very long and needs to be paraphrased.

Folowing your suggestion we have shortened the conclusions section.

(7) The reference section needs more attention. Reference no. 1 is empty. Reference no. 22 does not have name. The last names of Litwin and Gola have been coming couple times in the reference section. Please be aware from the self-citation.

We have corrected the list of references (we have added several positions that are not self-citations and support the literature review). The role of citations of previously published papers of the Authors is to show that this paper is a continuation of research provided by the Authors.

 

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