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Biomedicines
Volume 13
Issue 8
10.3390/biomedicines13081876
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Photobiomodulation of 450 nm Blue Light on Human Keratinocytes, Fibroblasts, and Endothelial Cells: An In Vitro and Transcriptomic Study on Cells Involved in Wound Healing and Angiogenesis

by
Jingbo Shao
1,
Sophie Clément
2,
Christoph Reissfelder
1,
Patrick Téoule
3,
Norbert Gretz
4,
Feng Guo
5,
Sabina Hajizada
1,
Stefanie Uhlig
6,7,
Katharina Mößinger
8,
Carolina de la Torre
8,
Carsten Sticht
8,
Vugar Yagublu
1,* and
Michael Keese
1,9,*
1
Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
2
Urgo Research Innovation and Development, 21300 Chenôve, France
3
Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, 89081 Ulm, Germany
4
Medical Research Centre, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
5
Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
6
FlowCore Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
7
Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Franz-Volhard-Straße 6, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
8
NGS Core Facility, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
9
Department of Vascular Surgery, Theresienkrankenhaus, 68165 Mannheim, Germany
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Biomedicines 2025, 13(8), 1876; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13081876 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 5 June 2025 / Revised: 23 July 2025 / Accepted: 29 July 2025 / Published: 1 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Cell Biology and Pathology)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background: Blue light (BL) irradiation has been shown to induce photobiomodulation (PBM) in cells. Here, we investigate its influence on cell types involved in wound healing. Methods: Cellular responses of immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaTs), normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs), and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) after light treatment at 450 nm were analyzed by kinetic assays on cell viability, proliferation, ATP quantification, migration assay, and apoptosis assay. Gene expression was evaluated by transcriptome analysis. Results: A biphasic effect was observed on HaCaTs, NHDFs, and HUVECs. Low-fluence (4.5 J/cm2) irradiation stimulated cell viability, proliferation, and migration. mRNA sequencing indicated involvement of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), ErbB, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathways. High-fluence (18 J/cm2) irradiation inhibited these cellular activities by downregulating DNA replication, the cell cycle, and mismatch repair pathways. Conclusions: HaCaTs, NHDFs, and HUVECs exhibited a dose-dependent pattern after BL irradiation. These findings broaden the view of PBM following BL irradiation of these three cell types, thereby promoting their potential application in wound healing and angiogenesis. Our data on low-fluence BL at 450 nm indicates clinical potential for a novel modality in wound therapy.
Keywords: keratinocytes; fibroblasts; endothelial cells; wound healing; angiogenesis; photobiomodulation keratinocytes; fibroblasts; endothelial cells; wound healing; angiogenesis; photobiomodulation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Shao, J.; Clément, S.; Reissfelder, C.; Téoule, P.; Gretz, N.; Guo, F.; Hajizada, S.; Uhlig, S.; Mößinger, K.; de la Torre, C.; et al. Photobiomodulation of 450 nm Blue Light on Human Keratinocytes, Fibroblasts, and Endothelial Cells: An In Vitro and Transcriptomic Study on Cells Involved in Wound Healing and Angiogenesis. Biomedicines 2025, 13, 1876. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13081876

AMA Style

Shao J, Clément S, Reissfelder C, Téoule P, Gretz N, Guo F, Hajizada S, Uhlig S, Mößinger K, de la Torre C, et al. Photobiomodulation of 450 nm Blue Light on Human Keratinocytes, Fibroblasts, and Endothelial Cells: An In Vitro and Transcriptomic Study on Cells Involved in Wound Healing and Angiogenesis. Biomedicines. 2025; 13(8):1876. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13081876

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shao, Jingbo, Sophie Clément, Christoph Reissfelder, Patrick Téoule, Norbert Gretz, Feng Guo, Sabina Hajizada, Stefanie Uhlig, Katharina Mößinger, Carolina de la Torre, and et al. 2025. "Photobiomodulation of 450 nm Blue Light on Human Keratinocytes, Fibroblasts, and Endothelial Cells: An In Vitro and Transcriptomic Study on Cells Involved in Wound Healing and Angiogenesis" Biomedicines 13, no. 8: 1876. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13081876

APA Style

Shao, J., Clément, S., Reissfelder, C., Téoule, P., Gretz, N., Guo, F., Hajizada, S., Uhlig, S., Mößinger, K., de la Torre, C., Sticht, C., Yagublu, V., & Keese, M. (2025). Photobiomodulation of 450 nm Blue Light on Human Keratinocytes, Fibroblasts, and Endothelial Cells: An In Vitro and Transcriptomic Study on Cells Involved in Wound Healing and Angiogenesis. Biomedicines, 13(8), 1876. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13081876

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