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Review

Fibrinogen, Fibrinogen-like 1 and Fibrinogen-like 2 Proteins, and Their Effects

1
Departments of Surgery, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
2
Departments of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Biomedicines 2022, 10(7), 1712; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10071712
Submission received: 27 May 2022 / Revised: 11 July 2022 / Accepted: 13 July 2022 / Published: 15 July 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immune Dysfunction in Brain Disorders)

Abstract

Fibrinogen (Fg) and its derivatives play a considerable role in many diseases. For example, increased levels of Fg have been found in many inflammatory diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and cancer. Although associations of Fg, Fg chains, and its derivatives with various diseases have been established, their specific effects and the mechanisms of actions involved are still unclear. The present review is the first attempt to discuss the role of Fg, Fg chains, its derivatives, and other members of Fg family proteins, such as Fg-like protein 1 and 2, in inflammatory diseases and their effects in immunomodulation.
Keywords: fibrin; fibrinogen chains; fibrinogen derivatives; inflammatory diseases fibrin; fibrinogen chains; fibrinogen derivatives; inflammatory diseases

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MDPI and ACS Style

Sulimai, N.H.; Brown, J.; Lominadze, D. Fibrinogen, Fibrinogen-like 1 and Fibrinogen-like 2 Proteins, and Their Effects. Biomedicines 2022, 10, 1712. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10071712

AMA Style

Sulimai NH, Brown J, Lominadze D. Fibrinogen, Fibrinogen-like 1 and Fibrinogen-like 2 Proteins, and Their Effects. Biomedicines. 2022; 10(7):1712. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10071712

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sulimai, Nurul H., Jason Brown, and David Lominadze. 2022. "Fibrinogen, Fibrinogen-like 1 and Fibrinogen-like 2 Proteins, and Their Effects" Biomedicines 10, no. 7: 1712. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10071712

APA Style

Sulimai, N. H., Brown, J., & Lominadze, D. (2022). Fibrinogen, Fibrinogen-like 1 and Fibrinogen-like 2 Proteins, and Their Effects. Biomedicines, 10(7), 1712. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10071712

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