A Voltammetric Sensor Based on Chemically Reduced Graphene Oxide-Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode for the Simultaneous Analysis of Uric Acid, Ascorbic Acid and Dopamine
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Apparatus and Reagents
2.2. Preparation of rGO
2.3. Fabrication of SPCE and rGO-SPCE
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterization of rGO-SPCE
3.2. Cyclic Voltammetric Analysis of UA, AA and DA at SPCE and rGO-SPCE
3.3. The Effect of Scan Rate on Voltammetric Behavior of UA, AA and DA at rGO-SPCE
3.4. The Effect of pH on Voltammetric Behavior of UA, AA and DA at rGO-SPCE
3.5. CV Analysis of Ternary Mixture of UA, AA and DA at SPCE and rGO-SPCE
3.6. DPV Analysis of Ternary Mixtures of UA, AA and DA at rGO-SPCE
3.7. Reproducibility and Stability of rGO-SPCE, and Ternary Mixture Analysis
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
Author Contributions
Conflicts of interest
References
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Parameter | SPCE | rGO-SPCE |
---|---|---|
Rs (Ω) | 2998 | 2997 |
Cdl (μF) | 1.4986 | 7.071 |
RCT (Ω) | 16049 | 5004 |
Zw (Ω·s−½) | 2181 | 1983 |
Electrode Material | Limit of Detection (μM) | Linear Range (μM) | Reference | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
UA | AA | DA | UA | AA | DA | ||
ERGO-GCE | 0.5 | 300.0 | 0.5 | 0.5–60.0 | 500.0–2000.0 | 0.5–60.0 | [31] |
GCE | 4.7 | 23.38 | 2.67 | 5.0–70.0 | 25,000.0–300,000.0 | 3.0–30.0 | [32] |
Trp-GR | 1.24 | 10.09 | 0.29 | 10.0–1000.0 | 200.0–3400.0, | 0.5–110.0 | [33] |
3400.0–12,900.0 | |||||||
PdNPs-GR-CS-GCE | 0.17 | 20.0 | 0.1 | 0.5.0–200.0 | 100.0–400.0 | 0.50–15.0, | [34] |
20.00–200.00 | |||||||
AgNPs-rGO-GCE | 8.2 | 9.6 | 5.4 | 10.0–800.0 | 10.0–800.0 | 10.00–800.00 | [35] |
MWCNT-GCE | 0.42 | 7.71 | 0.31 | 0.55–90.0 | 15.0–800.0 | 0.50–100.00 | [36] |
Nitrogen doped GR | 0.045 | 2.2 | 0.25 | 0.1–20.0 | 5.0–1300.0 | 0.50–170.00 | [29] |
poly(Tyr)-MWCNTs-COOH-GCE | 0.3 | 2.0 | 0.02 | 1.0–350.0 | 50–1000.0 | 0.10–30.00 | [37] |
Screen printed graphene electrode | 0.2 | 0.95 | 0.12 | 0.8–2500.0 | 4.0–4500.0 | 0.50–2000.00 | [38] |
HCNTs-GCE | 1.5 | 0.92 | 0.8 | 6.7–65.0 | 7.5–180.0 | 2.50–105.00 | [39] |
IL-GR-GCE | 0.323 | – | 0.679 | 1.0–600.0 | – | 1.00–400.00 | [40] |
rGO-SPCE | 0.35 | 50 | 0.1 | 10.0–3000.0 | 100.0–2500.0, | 0.20–80.00, | This study |
5000.0–20000.0 | 120.0–500.0 |
Sample | Amount Added (μM) | Amount Recovered (μM) | Mean Recovery (%) |
---|---|---|---|
UA | - | - | - |
Repeat 1 | 50 | 47.9 | |
Repeat 2 | 50 | 49.4 | |
Repeat 3 | 50 | 49.8 | |
Mean | - | 49.033 | 98.07 |
AA | - | - | - |
Repeat 1 | 500 | 497.3 | |
Repeat 2 | 500 | 499.7 | |
Repeat 3 | 500 | 499.5 | |
Mean | - | 499.833 | 99.97 |
DA | - | - | |
Repeat 1 | 50 | 49.4 | |
Repeat 2 | 50 | 48.8 | |
Repeat 3 | 50 | 49.9 | |
Mean | - | 49.367 | 98.73 |
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Kanyong, P.; Rawlinson, S.; Davis, J. A Voltammetric Sensor Based on Chemically Reduced Graphene Oxide-Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode for the Simultaneous Analysis of Uric Acid, Ascorbic Acid and Dopamine. Chemosensors 2016, 4, 25. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors4040025
Kanyong P, Rawlinson S, Davis J. A Voltammetric Sensor Based on Chemically Reduced Graphene Oxide-Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode for the Simultaneous Analysis of Uric Acid, Ascorbic Acid and Dopamine. Chemosensors. 2016; 4(4):25. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors4040025
Chicago/Turabian StyleKanyong, Prosper, Sean Rawlinson, and James Davis. 2016. "A Voltammetric Sensor Based on Chemically Reduced Graphene Oxide-Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode for the Simultaneous Analysis of Uric Acid, Ascorbic Acid and Dopamine" Chemosensors 4, no. 4: 25. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors4040025