Growing Taller without Hormones? Dr. Consult Google—An Evaluation of Online Information Related to Limb Lengthening
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Methods of Assessment
2.2. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
American Medical Association | AMA |
Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor type 3 | FGFR3 |
Fibroblast-like Growth Factor 23 | FGF23 |
Flesch Kincaid Grade Level | FKGL |
Flesch Reading Ease Score | FKRS |
Flesch-Kincaid Readability Test Tool | FK |
Global Quality Score | GQS |
Growth Hormone | GH |
Health on Net | HON |
Journal of American Medical Association | JAMA |
Limb Lengthening Content Score | LLCS |
National Institutes of Health | NIH |
References
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Limb lengthening |
Upper Extremity Limb Lengthening |
Achondroplasia |
Deformity |
Limb-Length Discrepancy |
Soft Tissue Coverage |
Angular Deformities |
Bone Quality |
Motion |
Stability |
Osteotomy |
Maturity |
Treatment |
Complication |
Pseudoarthrosis |
X-Ray |
Decision |
Computer Analysis |
Technology |
Distraction Osteogenesis |
Weight Bearing |
Ilizarov |
External Fixator |
Intramedullary Nail |
Bone Healing |
Special Surgery |
Indications |
Reconstructive Surgery |
Rehabilitation |
External/Internal Implant |
Title | Min–Max | Mean ± SD | Median |
---|---|---|---|
Discern reviewer 1 | 16–64 | 33.44 ± 12.96 | 30.4 |
Discern reviewer 2 | 16–67.2 | 34.4 ± 13.92 | 32 |
Discern score | 16–65.6 | 33.92 ± 13.28 | 32 |
Jama reviewer 1 | 1–4 | 2.06 ± 0.93 | 2 |
Jama reviewer 2 | 1–4 | 2.06 ± 0.93 | 2 |
Jama Score | 1–4 | 2.06 ± 0.89 | 2 |
GQS reviewer 1 | 1–4 | 2.39 ± 0.7 | 2 |
GQS reviewer 2 | 1–5 | 2.49 ± 0.95 | 2 |
GQS Score | 1–4.5 | 2.44 ± 0.77 | 2.5 |
FKGL | 5–11.9 | 8.43 ± 1.98 | 8.5 |
FKRS | 21.2–94.9 | 49.85 ± 14.66 | 48.5 |
LLCS | 6–30 | 17.67 ± 7.14 | 18 |
Category | Discern Score | JAMA Score | GQS | FKGL | FKRS | LLCS |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD (Median) | Mean ± SD (Median) | Mean ± SD (Median) | Mean ± SD (Median) | Mean ± SD (Median) | Mean ± SD (Median) | |
Academical | 40.64 ± 14.88 (38.4) | 2.61 ± 0.93 (2.8) | 2.86 ± 0.92 (3) | 8.92 ± 1.75 (8.8) | 45.07 ± 12.38 (44.2) | 21.11 ± 7.07 (23) |
Physician | 33.92 ± 11.36 (30.4) | 1.95 ± 0.91 (2) | 2.45 ± 0.52 (2.5) | 8.16 ± 2.3 (7.9) | 52.74 ± 20.01 (55.3) | 20.09 ± 5.15 (21) |
Medical | 29.92 ± 10.24 (28.8) | 1.75 ± 0.67 (1.5) | 2.21 ± 0.58 (2) | 8.12 ± 1.98 (8.1) | 52.09 ± 11.17 (50.4) | 13.79 ± 5.79 (12) |
Commercial | 25.92 ± 11.04 (25.6) | 1.5 ± 0.46 (1.5) | 1.88 ± 0.52 (2) | 8.25 ± 2.17 (8.3) | 52.68 ± 16.41 (49.6) | 13.38 ± 7.21 (10.5) |
p | 0.021 * | 0.010 * | 0.020 * | 0.599 | 0.290 | 0.006 * |
Score | HON | ||
---|---|---|---|
Absent | Present | p | |
Mean ± SD (Median) | Mean ± SD (Median) | ||
DISCERN Score | 30.88 ± 11.04 (28.8) | 52.96 ± 10.88 (54.4) | 0.000 * |
JAMA Score | 1.86 ± 0.76 (2) | 3.29 ± 0.7 (3.5) | 0.000 * |
GQS Score | 2.3 ± 0.7 (2) | 3.36 ± 0.56 (3.5) | 0.001 * |
FKGL | 8.4 ± 2.05 (8.5) | 8.61 ± 1.57 (8.4) | 0.913 |
FKRS | 50.72 ± 15.04 (50) | 44.36 ± 11.4 (41.6) | 0.129 |
LLCS | 16.73 ± 6.91 (16) | 23.57 ± 5.97 (25) | 0.018 * |
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Key, S.; Yalın, M.; Erten, M. Growing Taller without Hormones? Dr. Consult Google—An Evaluation of Online Information Related to Limb Lengthening. Healthcare 2023, 11, 172. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11020172
Key S, Yalın M, Erten M. Growing Taller without Hormones? Dr. Consult Google—An Evaluation of Online Information Related to Limb Lengthening. Healthcare. 2023; 11(2):172. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11020172
Chicago/Turabian StyleKey, Sefa, Mustafa Yalın, and Mehmet Erten. 2023. "Growing Taller without Hormones? Dr. Consult Google—An Evaluation of Online Information Related to Limb Lengthening" Healthcare 11, no. 2: 172. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11020172