Sexual Dysfunctions among Veterans with and without PTSD
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Participants and Methods
2.1. Participants and Procedure
2.2. Measures
2.2.1. Assessment of PTSD and War Trauma
2.2.2. Assessment of Sexual Function
2.2.3. Assessment of Comorbidity and Medication Use
2.3. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Sociodemographic Data
3.1.1. Trauma Exposure and PTSD
3.1.2. Sexual Dysfunction
3.2. Sexual Dysfunction in Relation to PTSD
3.3. Comorbidity and Drug Use
3.4. Correlates of Sexual Dysfunctions
4. Discussion
4.1. Strengths
4.2. Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Non-PTSD (N = 187) | PTSD (N = 250) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Range | Median | Mean (SD) | Range | Median | Mean (SD) | U Statistic | Probability | |
Erectile function | 1–30 | 26 | 22.74 (8.33) | 1–30 | 18 | 15.9 (9.71) | 15,004 | <0.001 |
Orgasmic function | 1–10 | 9 | 8.09 (2.65) | 1–10 | 6 | 5.7 (3.28) | 15,200.5 | <0.001 |
Sexual desire | 2–10 | 8 | 7.72 (1.99) | 2–10 | 6 | 5.7 (2.47) | 14,832.5 | <0.001 |
Intercourse satisfaction | 0–15 | 10 | 9.2 (3.89) | 0–15 | 7 | 6.4 (4.65) | 17,465.5 | <0.001 |
Overall satisfaction | 2–10 | 8 | 7.83 (1.92) | 2–10 | 6 | 6.3 (2.38) | 16,139.5 | <0.001 |
Premature ejaculation | 0–17 | 4 | 5 (4.27) | 0–20 | 7 | 7.2 (5.08) | 18,229.5 | <0.001 |
All n = 437 | PTSD NO n = 187 | PTSD YES n = 250 | Fisher’s Exact Test | |
---|---|---|---|---|
At Least One Medication | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | p-Value |
Antidepressant Antipsychotic Hypnotic Anxiolytic Antiepileptic Antihypertensive Lipid-modifying agent Drugs used in diabetes H2 blockers Antihistamine | 133 (30.4) 63 (14.4) 73 (16.7) 202 (46.2) 90 (20.6) 116 (26.5) 46 (10.5) 26 (5.9) 6 (1.4) 5 (1.1) | 3 (1.6) 1 (0.5) 4 (2.1) 5 (2.7) 1 (0.5) 40 (21.4) 18 (9.6) 9 (4.6) 0 0 | 130 (52) 62 (24.8) 69 (27.6) 197 (78.8) 89 (35.6) 76 (30.4) 28 (11.2) 17 (6.8) 6 (2.4) 5 (2) | <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.038 0.639 0.421 0.04 0.07 |
Erectile Function | Orgasmic Function | Sexual Desire | Intercourse Satisfaction | Overall Satisfaction | Premature Ejaculation | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | −0.008 | 0.013 | 0.026 | −0.033 | 0.044 | −0.016 |
Educational level | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.057 | 0.02 | 0.022 | −0.062 |
Socioeconomic level | 0.187 ** | 0.167 ** | 0.102 * | 0.145 ** | 0.133 ** | 0.017 |
In relationship, current 1 | 0.363 ** | 0.289 ** | 0.291 ** | 0.375 ** | 0.283 ** | 0.135 ** |
MDE, current | −0.236 ** | −0.247 * | −0.206 ** | −0.240 * | −0.172 ** | 0.084 |
MDE, lifetime | −0.193 ** | −0.195 ** | −0.189 ** | −0.183 ** | −0.122 * | 0.083 |
Suicidality (low risk) | −0.114 * | −0.112 * | −0.144 * | −0.142 ** | −0.085 | 0.058 |
Panic disorder, current | −0.107 * | −0.107 * | −0.140 ** | −0.119 * | −0.102 * | 0.093 |
Panic disorder, lifetime | −0.201 ** | −0.199 ** | −0.199 ** | −0.159 ** | −0.169 ** | 0.116 * |
Other anxiety disorders | −0.164 ** | −0.156 ** | −0.152 ** | −0.172 ** | −0.181 ** | 0.092 |
Alcohol use disorders | −0.075 | −0.040 | −0.110 * | −0.073 | −0.079 | 0.038 |
Diabetes mellitus | −0.050 | −0.008 | −0.008 | −0.035 | 0.018 | 0.141 ** |
Hypertension (essential) | −0.210 ** | −0.180 ** | −0.149 ** | −0.176 ** | −0.176 ** | 0.141 ** |
Hyperplasia of prostate | −0.065 | −0.046 | −0.054 | −0.112 * | −0.118* | 0.018 |
Dis. of lipoprotein metabolism 2 | −0.083 | −0.075 | −0.035 | −0.046 | 0.001 | 0.035 |
Antidepressants | −0.310 ** | −0.357 ** | −0.316 ** | −0.262 ** | −0.237 | 0.144 ** |
Antipsychotics | −0.170 ** | −0.179 ** | −0.139 ** | −0.118 * | −0.109 * | 0.033 |
Hypnotics | −0.202 ** | −0.199 ** | −0.187 ** | −0.178 ** | −0.167 ** | 0.024 |
Anxiolytics | −0.319 ** | −0.304 ** | −0.323 ** | −0.255 ** | −0.284 ** | 0.152 ** |
Antiepileptics | −0.158 ** | −0.155 ** | −0.185 ** | −0.138 ** | −0.141 ** | 0.164 ** |
Antihypertensives | −0.118 * | −0.082 | −0.096 * | −0.107 * | −0.133 ** | 0.005 |
Drugs used in diabetes | −0.060 | −0.050 | −0.021 | −0.078 | 0.022 | −0.008 |
Lipid-modifying agents | −0.100 * | −0.053 | −0.060 | −0.073 | −0.110 * | 0.006 |
Total PTSP symptoms | −0.434 ** | −0.394 ** | −0.437 ** | −0.358 ** | −0.401 ** | 0.255 ** |
War deployment (in months) | 0.001 | 0.006 | −0.023 | 0.054 | 0.019 | 0.159 ** |
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Protuđer, M.; Stevanović, A.; Letica-Crepulja, M. Sexual Dysfunctions among Veterans with and without PTSD. Healthcare 2023, 11, 1861. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11131861
Protuđer M, Stevanović A, Letica-Crepulja M. Sexual Dysfunctions among Veterans with and without PTSD. Healthcare. 2023; 11(13):1861. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11131861
Chicago/Turabian StyleProtuđer, Marina, Aleksandra Stevanović, and Marina Letica-Crepulja. 2023. "Sexual Dysfunctions among Veterans with and without PTSD" Healthcare 11, no. 13: 1861. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11131861