Knowledge, Perceptions and Attitudes of eHealth and Health Technology among Nursing Students from Gauteng Province, South Africa
Abstract
:1. Introduction and Background
2. Methods
2.1. Study Design and Setting
2.2. Study Population
2.3. Sampling and Recruitment
2.4. Data Collection
2.5. Data Analysis
2.6. Reliability, Validity and Bias
2.7. Ethical Consideration
3. Results
3.1. Sociodemographic Characteristics
3.2. Knowledge Regarding the Use of Technology
3.3. Frequency of Technology Used to Access the Internet in the Past 3 Months
3.4. Most Common Uses of the Internet among Participants
3.5. Perception towards the Use of eHealth and Technology
Experience Regarding Internet Usage among Participants
3.6. Attitudes towards eHealth and Technology
4. Discussion
5. Limitation
6. Conclusions and Recommendations
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | n | % |
---|---|---|
Age | ||
<20 years | 57 | 23.36 |
20–24 years | 155 | 63.52 |
25–30 years | 30 | 12.3 |
>30 years | 2 | 0.82 |
Sex | ||
Female | 177 | 72.54 |
Male | 67 | 27.46 |
* Level of study | ||
1 | 61 | 25.21 |
2 | 57 | 23.55 |
3 | 37 | 15.29 |
4 | 87 | 35.95 |
Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Level 4 | Total | p-Value | Groups | p-Value | |
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||||
Desktop | ||||||||
Yes | 39 (63.93) | 43 (75.44) | 28 (75.68) | 77 (88.51) | 187 (77.27) | 0.006 | ||
No | 22 (36.07) | 14 (24.56) | 9 (24.32) | 10 (11.49) | 55 (22.73) | |||
Laptop | ||||||||
Yes | 52 (85.25) | 53 (92.98) | 35 (94.59) | 85 (97.70) | 225 (92.98) | 0.034 | ||
No | 9 (14.75) | 4 (7.02) | 2 (5.41) | 2 (2.30) | 17 (7.02) | |||
Tablet | ||||||||
Yes | 55 (90.16) | 47 (82.46) | 32 (86.49) | 83 (95.40) | 217 (89.67) | 0.082 | ||
No | 6 (9.84) | 10 (17.54) | 5 (13.51) | 4 (4.60) | 25 (10.33) | |||
Smartphone | ||||||||
Yes | 61 (100) | 56 (98.25) | 34 (91.89) | 86 (98.85) | 237 (97.93) | 0.039 | ||
No | 0 (0.00) | 1 (1.75) | 3 (8.11) | 1 (1.15) | 5 (2.07) | |||
Overall knowledge | ||||||||
Poor knowledge n (cell%) | 2 (0.83) | 2 (0.83) | 3 (1.24) | 0 (0.00) | 7 (2.89) | 0.012 | ||
Moderate knowledge n (cell%) | 23 (9.50) | 16 (6.61) | 8 (3.31) | 14 (5.79) | 61 (25.21) | |||
Good knowledge n (cell%) | 36 (14.88) | 39 (16.12) | 26 (10.74) | 73 (30.17) | 174 (71.90) | |||
Knowledge score% mean (SD) | 85 (21.05) | 87 (22.22) | 87 (26.10) | 95 (11.95) | 89 (19.97) | 0.006 | 4 vs. 1 | 0.002 |
Strongly Disagree | Disagree | Neutral | Agree | Strongly Agree | Mean Score | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | Mean (SD) | |
1. Using technology makes life easier for me | 7 (2.87) | 2 (0.82) | 12 (4.92) | 71 (29.10) | 152 (62.30) | 3.47 (0.86) |
2. I think it is fun with new technological gadgets | 8 (3.28) | 2 (0.82) | 32 (13.11) | 78 (31.97) | 124 (50.82) | 3.26 (0.95) |
3. People who do not have access to the internet have a real disadvantage because of all what they are missing out on | 12 (4.92) | 11 (4.51) | 33 (13.52) | 60 (24.59) | 128 (52.46) | 3.15 (1.12) |
4. I find it easy to learn how use new technology | 10 (4.10) | 6 (2.46) | 44 (18.03) | 105 (43.03) | 79 (32.38) | 2.97 (0.98) |
5. I like to acquire the latest models or updates in technology | 9 (3.69) | 12 (4.92) | 41 (16.80) | 84 (34.43) | 98 (40.16) | 3.02 (1.05) |
6. I would have dared to try new technological gadgets to a greater extent if I had more support and help than I have today | 9 (3.69) | 9 (3.69) | 46 (18.85) | 85 (34.84) | 95 (38.93) | 3.01 (1.03) |
7. Too much technology makes society vulnerable | 13 (5.33) | 35 (14.34) | 63 (25.82) | 65 (26.64) | 68 (27.87) | 2.57 (1.18) |
Overall mean perception score | 3.07 (0.65) |
Strongly Disagree | Disagree | Neutral | Agree | Strongly Agree | Mean Score | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | Mean (SD) | |
1. I know what health resources are available on the internet | 6 (2.46) | 3 (1.23) | 65 (26.64) | 106 (43.44) | 64 (26.23) | 2.89 (0.89) |
2. I know where to find helpful resources on the internet | 5 (2.05) | 8 (3.28) | 49 (20.08) | 104 (42.62) | 78 (31.97) | 2.99 (0.92) |
3. I know how to find helpful health resources on the internet | 5 (2.05) | 7 (2.87) | 49 (20.08) | 108 (44.26) | 75 (30.74) | 2.99 (0.81) |
4. I know how to use the internet to answer my questions about health | 7 (2.87) | 7 (2.87) | 33 (13.52) | 115 (47.13) | 82 (33.61) | 3.05 (0.92) |
5. I know how to use the health information I find on the internet to help me | 8 (3.28) | 9 (3.69) | 32 (13.11) | 115 (47.13) | 80 (32.79) | 3.02 (0.95) |
6. I have the skills I need to evaluate the health resources I find on the internet | 6 (2.46) | 11 (4.51) | 71 (29.10) | 107 (43.85) | 49 (20.08) | 2.75 (0.91) |
7. I can tell high-quality health resources from low-quality health resources on the internet | 9 (3.69) | 24 (9.84) | 91 (37.30) | 78 (31.97) | 42 (17.21) | 2.49 (1.00) |
8. I feel confident in using information from the internet to make health decisions | 12 (4.92) | 26 (10.66) | 75 (30.74) | 84 (34.43) | 47 (19.26) | 2.52 (1.07) |
Overall mean experience score | 2.84 (0.72) | |||||
Overall experience of using the internet: Less experienced 6.65% (n = 16); Moderately experienced 50% (n = 122) and More experienced 43.44% (n = 106) |
Strongly Disagree | Disagree | Neutral | Agree | Strongly Agree | Mean Score | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | Mean (SD) | |
1. I believe that different forms of technical knowledge will be an important competence in my future work as a nurse | 9 (3.69) | 4 (1.64) | 42 (17.21) | 82 (33.61) | 107 (43.85) | 3.12 (0.99) |
2. I think that so far, I have gained enough knowledge about eHealth in my nursing education to feel secure in my future professional role | 12 (4.92) | 20 (8.20) | 69 (28.28) | 92 (37.70) | 51 (20.90) | 2.61 (1.05) |
3. I would like more eHealth in the operational parts of my theoretical courses | 5 (2.05) | 6 (2.46) | 39 (20.49) | 111 (45.49) | 83 (34.02) | 3.06 (0.88) |
4. I would like more eHealth in the operational parts of my education | 6 (2.46) | 6 (2.46) | 32 (13.11) | 108 (44.26) | 92 (37.70) | 3.12 (0.90) |
5. I believe knowledge of eHealth will be necessary to carry out good nursing to be a competent nurse | 3 (1.23) | 8 (3.28) | 43 (17.62) | 93 (38.11) | 97 (39.75) | 3.11 (0.89) |
6. I think there are many other areas that are more important for a nurse to gain more knowledge about the eHealth | 5 (2.05) | 4 (1.64) | 44 (18.03) | 89 (36.48) | 102 (41.80) | 3.14 (0.91) |
Overall mean attitude score | 3.03 (0.73) | |||||
Overall attitude towards eHealth and technology: Less favourable 4.51% (n = 11), Moderately favourable 34.02% (n = 82) and More favourable 61.48% (n = 150). |
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Share and Cite
Lekalakala-Mokgele, E.; Lowane, M.P.; Mogale, N.M. Knowledge, Perceptions and Attitudes of eHealth and Health Technology among Nursing Students from Gauteng Province, South Africa. Healthcare 2023, 11, 1672. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11121672
Lekalakala-Mokgele E, Lowane MP, Mogale NM. Knowledge, Perceptions and Attitudes of eHealth and Health Technology among Nursing Students from Gauteng Province, South Africa. Healthcare. 2023; 11(12):1672. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11121672
Chicago/Turabian StyleLekalakala-Mokgele, Eucebious, Mygirl P. Lowane, and Ntlogeleng Mabina Mogale. 2023. "Knowledge, Perceptions and Attitudes of eHealth and Health Technology among Nursing Students from Gauteng Province, South Africa" Healthcare 11, no. 12: 1672. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11121672