Development of Aerobic Exercise Equipment Using Universal Design: Treadmill and Arm Ergometer
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Procedure
2.2. Design Development
2.2.1. Discover
2.2.2. Define
2.2.3. Develop
2.2.4. Deliver
3. Results
3.1. Discover
3.1.1. Exercise Equipment Market Research Results
3.1.2. Analysis of the Status of Aerobic Exercise Equipment in Sports Facilities Used by Both Disabled and Non-Disabled People
3.2. Define
3.2.1. Deriving Concept Ideas
3.2.2. Deriving the First Design Concept Idea
3.3. Develop
3.3.1. Concept Idea Acceptance Evaluation in Progress
3.3.2. Design Development of Aerobic Exercise Equipment Based on Universal Design
3.3.3. Product Design Satisfaction Evaluation
3.4. Deliver
3.4.1. Design Acceptability Verification
3.4.2. Design Completion
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Workplace | Region | Trainer Career (Year) |
---|---|---|
Seoul Underwater Rehabilitation Center | Seoul | 22 |
Jeonglib hall | Seoul | 11 |
Gwangju National Sports Center for the Disabled | Gwangju | 13 |
Goyang Rehabilitation Sports Center | Gyeonggi | 32 |
Seongnam Hanmaeum Welfare Center | Gyeonggi | 9 |
Jecheon Eoullim Sports Center | Jecheon | 6 |
Asan National Sports Center for the Disabled | Asan | 11 |
Jeonju Ullim National Sports Center | Jeonju | 11 |
Gwangyang National Sports Center for the Disabled | Gwangyang | 8 |
Gumi City Disabled Gymnasium | Gumi | 33 |
Changwon Municipal Gomduri National Sports Center | Changwon | 6 |
Chuncheon Disabled Sports Center | ChunCheon | 7 |
Seoul Gomduri Sports Center | Seoul | 25 |
Workplace | Specialty | Position | Trainer Career (Year) |
---|---|---|---|
Hansung University | Design engineering | Professor | 24 |
Saehan University | Design engineering | Professor | 22 |
Hankyung University | Design engineering | Professor | 24 |
Hongik University | Industrial design | Professor | 28 |
Woosong University | Industrial design | Professor | 25 |
Kookmin University | Industrial design | Professor | 14 |
Seoul National University of Science and Technology | Design engineering | Professor | 21 |
Seoul Design Foundation | Universal design | Senior Researcher | 24 |
Korea University of Technology and Education | Design engineering | Professor | 26 |
Korea Welfare University | Universal design | Professor | 18 |
Division | People with Disabled (n = 133) | Senior (n = 131) | Non-Disabled (n = 132) | Total (n = 396) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
gender | male | 88 | 66.2 | 66 | 50.4 | 69 | 52.3 | 223 | 56.3 |
female | 45 | 33.8 | 65 | 49.6 | 63 | 47.7 | 173 | 43.7 | |
age | 20~29 | 12 | 9.1 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 13.6 | 30 | 7.6 |
30~39 | 18 | 13.5 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 15.2 | 38 | 9.6 | |
40~49 | 22 | 16.5 | 0 | 0 | 33 | 25 | 55 | 13.9 | |
50~59 | 49 | 36.8 | 0 | 0 | 61 | 46.2 | 110 | 27.8 | |
60+ | 32 | 24.1 | 131 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 163 | 41.1 | |
type of disability | Brain lesion | 33 | 24.8 | - | |||||
physical disability | 86 | 64.7 | |||||||
Sensory impairment (visual, hearing) | 14 | 11.1 | |||||||
degree of disability | mild | 76 | 57.1 | ||||||
severe | 57 | 42.9 |
Gender | Age | Participants | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | 20~29 | 30~39 | 40~49 | 50~59 | 60+ | People with | Non-Disabled | Senior |
Disabled | |||||||||
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) |
27 (45.0%) | 33 (55.0%) | 3 (5%) | 7 (11.7%) | 5 (8.3%) | 15 (25.0%) | 27 (45%) | 10 (33.3%) | 10 (33.3%) | 10 (33.3%) |
England | ||||
Company | Matrix | Matrix | Matrix | |
Product | Recumbent Cycle | Upright Cycle | Treadmill | |
Standard | 165.5 cm × 67 cm × 128 cm | 130 cm × 65 cm × 153 cm | 216 cm × 86 cm × 140 cm | |
Target use | Blind and hearing-impaired users | Blind and hearing-impaired users | Blind and hearing-impaired users | |
Certification | IFI Certification | IFI Certification | IFI Certification | |
USA | ||||
Company | CYBEX | Sci-Fit | Sci-Fit | |
Product | Recumbent Cycle | Recumbent Cycle | Upper Body Ergometer | |
Standard | 165 cm × 63.5 cm × 132 cm | 150 cm × 66 cm × 132 cm | 152 cm × 76 cm × 195 cm | |
Target use | non-disabled, visually impaired, and elderly people users | Non-disabled, wheelchair users, disabled, elderly users (Removable Seat) | Non-disabled, wheelchair users, disabled, elderly users (Removable Seat) | |
Certification | IFI Certification | IFI Certification | ADA Certification | |
Republic of Korea | ||||
Company | Shinkwang Industrial Co., Ltd. | Sungdo MC Co., Ltd. | Sungdo MC Co., Ltd. | |
Product | Recumbent Cycle/Upper Body Ergometer | Upper Body Ergometer | Treadmill | |
Standard | 142 cm × 69 cm × 108 cm | 55 cm × 92 cm × 108 cm | 215 cm × 85 cm × 142 cm | |
Target use | Non-disabled, wheelchair users, disabled, elderly users | Non-disabled, wheelchair users, disabled, elderly users | non-disabled, visually impaired, and elderly people users | |
Certification | - | Korea Ministry of Food and Drug Safety Certification | Korea Ministry of Food and Drug Safety Certification |
Status |
|
Problem |
|
Needs |
|
Problems and needs | Access |
| |
Execution Function Control |
| ||
End |
| ||
Concept Idea |
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Problems and needs | Access |
|
Execution Function Control |
| |
End |
| |
Concept Idea |
|
Running belt |
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Auxiliary footrest |
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Handles and Auxiliary Handrails |
|
Display |
|
Operation button |
|
Etc. |
|
Saddle |
|
Handle |
|
Case |
|
Display |
|
Information board |
|
Etc. |
|
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Yi, E.; Byun, H.; Oh, A. Development of Aerobic Exercise Equipment Using Universal Design: Treadmill and Arm Ergometer. Healthcare 2022, 10, 2278. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10112278
Yi E, Byun H, Oh A. Development of Aerobic Exercise Equipment Using Universal Design: Treadmill and Arm Ergometer. Healthcare. 2022; 10(11):2278. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10112278
Chicago/Turabian StyleYi, Eunsurk, Hyun Byun, and Ahra Oh. 2022. "Development of Aerobic Exercise Equipment Using Universal Design: Treadmill and Arm Ergometer" Healthcare 10, no. 11: 2278. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10112278