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Article

Novel Tetraploid Triticale (Einkorn Wheat × Rye)—A Source of Stem Rust Resistance

by
Michał T. Kwiatek
1,*,†,
Aleksandra Noweiska
1,†,
Roksana Bobrowska
1,†,
Adrianna Czapiewska
1,2,
Mert Aygün
1,
Francois d’Assise Munyamahoro
1,
Sylwia Mikołajczyk
1,
Agnieszka Tomkowiak
1,
Danuta Kurasiak-Popowska
1 and
Paweł Poślednik
1,3
1
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland
2
Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
3
Agricultural Research Station, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dłoń 4, 63-912 Miejska Górka, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Plants 2023, 12(2), 278; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12020278
Submission received: 31 August 2022 / Revised: 15 November 2022 / Accepted: 4 January 2023 / Published: 7 January 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chromosome Engineering in Plants: Genetics, Breeding, Evolution)
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Abstract

Among cereals, triticale (×Trititcoseale Wittmack ex A. Camus) represents a number of advantages such as high grain yield even in marginal environments, tolerance to drought, cold and acid soils, as well as lower production costs. Together with high biomass of grain and straw, triticale is also considered as an industrial energy crop. As an artificial hybrid, it has not evolved naturally, which is reflected in narrow genetic diversity causing a resistance collapse in recent years. Here, we describe a novel, synthetic tetraploid triticale, which was developed by the crossing of rye (Secale cereale L.) with einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum spp. monococcum), which possess Sr35 stem rust resistance gene. Three subsequent generations of alloploids were obtained by chromosome doubling followed by self-pollination. The cytogenetic analyses revealed that the amphiploids possess a set of 28 chromosomes (14 of Am-genome and 14 of R-genome). The values of the most important yield-shaping traits for these tetraploid triticale form, including thousand-grain weight, plant height and stem length were higher compared to parental genotypes, as well as standard hexaploid triticale cultivars. This study shows that this tetraploid triticale genetic stock can be an interesting pre-breeding germplasm for triticale improvement or can be developed as a new alternative crop.
Keywords: einkorn; fluorescence in situ hybridization; genetic diversity; resistance genes; steam rust; triticale einkorn; fluorescence in situ hybridization; genetic diversity; resistance genes; steam rust; triticale

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kwiatek, M.T.; Noweiska, A.; Bobrowska, R.; Czapiewska, A.; Aygün, M.; Munyamahoro, F.d.; Mikołajczyk, S.; Tomkowiak, A.; Kurasiak-Popowska, D.; Poślednik, P. Novel Tetraploid Triticale (Einkorn Wheat × Rye)—A Source of Stem Rust Resistance. Plants 2023, 12, 278. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12020278

AMA Style

Kwiatek MT, Noweiska A, Bobrowska R, Czapiewska A, Aygün M, Munyamahoro Fd, Mikołajczyk S, Tomkowiak A, Kurasiak-Popowska D, Poślednik P. Novel Tetraploid Triticale (Einkorn Wheat × Rye)—A Source of Stem Rust Resistance. Plants. 2023; 12(2):278. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12020278

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kwiatek, Michał T., Aleksandra Noweiska, Roksana Bobrowska, Adrianna Czapiewska, Mert Aygün, Francois d’Assise Munyamahoro, Sylwia Mikołajczyk, Agnieszka Tomkowiak, Danuta Kurasiak-Popowska, and Paweł Poślednik. 2023. "Novel Tetraploid Triticale (Einkorn Wheat × Rye)—A Source of Stem Rust Resistance" Plants 12, no. 2: 278. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12020278

APA Style

Kwiatek, M. T., Noweiska, A., Bobrowska, R., Czapiewska, A., Aygün, M., Munyamahoro, F. d., Mikołajczyk, S., Tomkowiak, A., Kurasiak-Popowska, D., & Poślednik, P. (2023). Novel Tetraploid Triticale (Einkorn Wheat × Rye)—A Source of Stem Rust Resistance. Plants, 12(2), 278. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12020278

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