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Volume 11
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10.3390/plants11070910
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Article

Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Secretion of Protochlorophyllide in the Cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya boryana

by
Kentaro Usui
,
Haruki Yamamoto
,
Takao Oi
,
Mitsutaka Taniguchi
,
Hitoshi Mori
and
Yuichi Fujita
*
Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Plants 2022, 11(7), 910; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11070910
Submission received: 30 January 2022 / Revised: 19 March 2022 / Accepted: 25 March 2022 / Published: 29 March 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene Regulation of Chlorophyll Biosynthesis)
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Abstract

Protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) reduction in the late stage of chlorophyll a (Chl) biosynthesis is catalyzed by two enzymes: light-dependent Pchlide oxidoreductase (LPOR) and dark-operative Pchlide oxidoreductase (DPOR). The differential operation of LPOR and DPOR enables a stable supply of Chl in response to changes in light conditions and environmental oxygen levels. When a DPOR-deficient mutant (YFC2) of the cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya boryana is grown heterotrophically in the dark, Pchlide accumulates in the cells and is secreted into the culture medium. In this study, we demonstrated the extracellular vesicle-mediated secretion of Pchlide. Pchlide fractions were isolated from the culture medium using sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the Pchlide fractions contained porin isoforms, TolC, and FG-GAP repeat-containing protein, which are localized in the outer membrane. Transmission electron microscopy revealed extracellular vesicle-like structures in the vicinity of YFC2 cells and the Pchlide fractions. These findings suggested that the Pchlide secretion is mediated by extracellular vesicles in dark-grown YFC2 cells.
Keywords: cyanobacteria; chlorophyll biosynthesis; protochlorophyllide; extracellular vesicles; porin; SLH/OprB-domain; outer membrane cyanobacteria; chlorophyll biosynthesis; protochlorophyllide; extracellular vesicles; porin; SLH/OprB-domain; outer membrane

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MDPI and ACS Style

Usui, K.; Yamamoto, H.; Oi, T.; Taniguchi, M.; Mori, H.; Fujita, Y. Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Secretion of Protochlorophyllide in the Cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya boryana. Plants 2022, 11, 910. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11070910

AMA Style

Usui K, Yamamoto H, Oi T, Taniguchi M, Mori H, Fujita Y. Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Secretion of Protochlorophyllide in the Cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya boryana. Plants. 2022; 11(7):910. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11070910

Chicago/Turabian Style

Usui, Kentaro, Haruki Yamamoto, Takao Oi, Mitsutaka Taniguchi, Hitoshi Mori, and Yuichi Fujita. 2022. "Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Secretion of Protochlorophyllide in the Cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya boryana" Plants 11, no. 7: 910. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11070910

APA Style

Usui, K., Yamamoto, H., Oi, T., Taniguchi, M., Mori, H., & Fujita, Y. (2022). Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Secretion of Protochlorophyllide in the Cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya boryana. Plants, 11(7), 910. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11070910

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