The Relationship of Achievement Goal Orientations and 21st Century Skills Acquisition with the Entrepreneurship of Pre-Service Teachers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- Is there a significant relationship between the dimensions of both 21st century skills and achievement goal orientations and entrepreneurship?
- Do the dimensions of 21st century skills and the dimensions of achievement goal orientations in pre-service teachers show a significant relationship with entrepreneurship?
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Mean | Standard Deviation |
---|---|---|
Entrepreneurship | 3.87 | 0.43 |
Learning | 3.52 | 0.62 |
Performance approach | 3.45 | 0.90 |
Performance avoidance | 2.47 | 1.01 |
Cognition | 4.06 | 0.46 |
Innovation | 3.87 | 0.78 |
Autonomy | 3.68 | 0.56 |
Collaboration and Flexibility | 3.53 | 0.62 |
Factors | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Innovation | 1.00 | |||||||
2. Collaboration and flexibility | 0.41 ** | 1.00 | ||||||
3. Autonomy | 0.30 ** | 0.38 ** | 1.00 | |||||
4. Cognition | 0.48 ** | 0.45 ** | 0.48 ** | 1.00 | ||||
5. Performance avoidance | −0.03 | 0.11 | 0.07 | −0.18 ** | 1.00 | |||
6. Performance approach | 0.11 | 0.29 ** | 0.16 ** | 0.18 ** | 0.43 ** | 1.00 | ||
7. Learning | 0.34 ** | 0.53 ** | 0.32 ** | 0.50 ** | 0.04 | 0.32 ** | 1.00 | |
8. Entrepreneurship | 0.43 ** | 0.47 ** | 0.48 ** | 0.71 ** | −0.10 | 0.13 * | 0.48 ** | 1.00 |
Effect | Direct | Indirect | Total | R2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
On autonomy | 0.10 | |||
Learning | 0.32 | - | 0.32 | |
On cognition | 0.44 | |||
Autonomy | 0.37 | - | 0.37 | |
Performance avoidance | −0.28 | - | −0.28 | |
Achievement performance | 0.13 | - | 0.13 | |
Learning | 0.34 | 0.12 | 0.46 | |
On collaboration and flexibility | 0.34 | |||
Autonomy | 0.23 | - | 0.23 | |
Performance approach | 0.12 | - | 0.12 | |
Learning | 0.42 | 0.07 | 0.49 | |
On innovation | 0.26 | |||
Collaboration and flexibility | 0.24 | - | 0.24 | |
Cognition | 0.38 | - | 0.38 | |
Performance avoidance | - | −0.10 | −0.10 | |
Performance approach | - | 0.08 | 0.08 | |
Autonomy | - | 0.19 | 0.19 | |
On entrepreneurship | 0.55 | |||
Autonomy | 0.14 | 0.23 | 0.37 | |
Cognition | 0.54 | - | 0.54 | |
Collaboration and flexibility | 0.11 | - | 0.11 | |
Learning | 0.11 | 0.35 | 0.46 | |
Performance avoidance | - | −0.15 | −0.15 | |
Performance approach | - | 0.09 | 0.09 |
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Ertem, H.Y. The Relationship of Achievement Goal Orientations and 21st Century Skills Acquisition with the Entrepreneurship of Pre-Service Teachers. J. Intell. 2024, 12, 97. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence12100097
Ertem HY. The Relationship of Achievement Goal Orientations and 21st Century Skills Acquisition with the Entrepreneurship of Pre-Service Teachers. Journal of Intelligence. 2024; 12(10):97. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence12100097
Chicago/Turabian StyleErtem, Hasan Yücel. 2024. "The Relationship of Achievement Goal Orientations and 21st Century Skills Acquisition with the Entrepreneurship of Pre-Service Teachers" Journal of Intelligence 12, no. 10: 97. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence12100097
APA StyleErtem, H. Y. (2024). The Relationship of Achievement Goal Orientations and 21st Century Skills Acquisition with the Entrepreneurship of Pre-Service Teachers. Journal of Intelligence, 12(10), 97. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence12100097