Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype Distribution and Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Serotype Coverage among Pediatric Patients in East and Southeast Asia, 2000–2014: a Pooled Data Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Data Collection
3. Serotype Distribution and Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Coverage
3.1. China
3.2. Hong Kong
3.3. Japan
3.4. Singapore
3.5. South Korea
3.6. Taiwan
3.7. Thailand
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
- O’Brien, K.L.; Wolfson, L.J.; Watt, J.P.; Henkle, E.; oria-Knoll, M.; McCall, N.; Lee, E.; Mulholland, K.; Levine, O.S.; Cherian, T. Burden of disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in children younger than 5 years: Global estimates. Lancet 2009, 374, 893–902. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lin, T.Y.; Shah, N.K.; Brooks, D.; Garcia, C.S. Summary of invasive pneumococcal disease burden among children in the Asia-Pacific region. Vaccine 2010, 28, 7589–7605. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 1989, 38, 64–76. [Google Scholar]
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prevention of pneumococcal disease. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 1997, 46, 1–24. [Google Scholar]
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Preventing pneumococcal disease among infants and young Children. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 2000, 49, 1–55. [Google Scholar]
- Poehling, K.A.; Talbot, T.R.; Griffin, M.R.; Craig, A.S.; Whitney, C.G.; Zell, E.; Lexau, C.A.; Thomas, A.R.; Harrison, L.H.; Reingold, A.L.; et al. Invasive pneumococcal disease among infants before and after introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. JAMA 2006, 295, 1668–1674. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Whitney, C.G.; Farley, M.M.; Hadler, J.; Harrison, L.H.; Bennett, N.M.; Lynfield, R.; Reingold, A.; Cieslak, P.R.; Pilishvili, T.; Jackson, D.; et al. Decline in invasive pneumococcal disease after the introduction of protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccine. N. Engl. J. Med. 2003, 348, 1737–1746. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Black, S.; Shinefield, H.; Baxter, R.; Austrian, R.; Bracken, L.; Hansen, J.; Lewis, E.; Fireman, B. Postlicensure surveillance for pneumococcal invasive disease after use of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Northern California Kaiser Permanente. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2004, 23, 485–489. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Eskola, J.; Kilpi, T.; Palmu, A.; Jokinen, J.; Haapakoski, J.; Herva, E.; Takala, A.; Kayhty, H.; Karma, P.; Kohberger, R.; et al. Efficacy of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against acute otitis media. N. Engl. J. Med. 2001, 344, 403–409. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Isaacman, D.J.; Fletcher, M.A.; Fritzell, B.; Ciuryla, V.; Schranz, J. Indirect effects associated with widespread vaccination of infants with heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7; Prevnar). Vaccine 2007, 25, 2420–2427. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Direct and indirect effects of routine vaccination of children with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease—United States, 1998–2003. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 2005, 54, 893–897. [Google Scholar]
- Ghaffar, F.; Barton, T.; Lozano, J.; Muniz, L.S.; Hicks, P.; Gan, V.; Ahmad, N.; McCracken, G.H., Jr. Effect of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on nasopharyngeal colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae in the first 2 years of life. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2004, 39, 930–938. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Pelton, S.I.; Loughlin, A.M.; Marchant, C.D. Seven valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine immunization in two Boston communities: Changes in serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2004, 23, 1015–1022. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hausdorff, W.P.; Bryant, J.; Kloek, C.; Paradiso, P.R.; Siber, G.R. The contribution of specific pneumococcal serogroups to different disease manifestations: Implications for conjugate vaccine formulation and use. Part II. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2000, 30, 122–140. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- European Medicines Agency. Assessment Report for Synflorix; Procedure No. EMEA/H/C/000973; European Medicines Agency: London, UK, 2009; pp. 1–61. [Google Scholar]
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Licensure of a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) and recommendations for use among children—Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2010. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 2010, 59, 258–261. [Google Scholar]
- Le, C.F.; Yusof, M.Y.M.; Sekaran, S.D. Current trend in pneumococcal serotype distribution in Asia. J. Vaccines Vaccin. 2011. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rodgers, G.L.; Arguedas, A.; Cohen, R.; Dagan, R. Global serotype distribution among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates causing otitis media in children: Potential implications for pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. Vaccine 2009, 27, 3802–3810. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lu, C.Y.; Santosham, M. Survey of national immunization programs and vaccine coverage rates in Asia Pacific countries. Vaccine 2012, 30, 2250–2255. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- McIntosh, E.D.; Reinert, R.R. Global prevailing and emerging pediatric pneumococcal serotypes. Expert Rev. Vaccines 2011, 10, 109–129. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Bravo, L.C. Overview of the disease burden of invasive pneumococcal disease in Asia. Vaccine 2009, 27, 7282–7291. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- McGee, L.; Wang, H.; Wasas, A.; Huebner, R.; Chen, M.; Klugman, K.P. Prevalence of serotypes and molecular epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains isolated from children in Beijing, China: Identification of two novel multiply-resistant clones. Microb. Drug Resist. 2001, 7, 55–63. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Zhao, G.M.; Black, S.; Shinefield, H.; Wang, C.Q.; Zhang, Y.H.; Lin, Y.Z.; Lu, J.L.; Guo, Y.F.; Jiang, Q.W. Serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from hospitalized pediatric patients with respiratory infections in Shanghai, China. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2003, 22, 739–742. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Yao, K.; Shen, X.; Yul, S.; Lu, Q.; Deng, L.; Ye, Q.; Zhang, H.; Deng, Q.; Hu, Y.; Yang, Y. Antimicrobial resistance and serotypes of nasopharyngeal strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Chinese children with acute respiratory infections. J. Int. Med. Res. 2007, 35, 253–267. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Yu, S.; Yao, K.; Shen, X.; Zhang, W.; Liu, X.; Yang, Y. Serogroup distribution and antimicrobial resistance of nasopharyngeal isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae among Beijing children with upper respiratory infections (2000–2005). Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2008, 27, 649–655. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Liu, Y.; Wang, H.; Chen, M.; Sun, Z.; Zhao, R.; Zhang, L.; Wang, H.; Zhang, H.; Wang, L.; Chu, Y.; et al. Serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from children in China younger than 5 years. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2008, 61, 256–263. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Xue, L.; Yao, K.; Xie, G.; Zheng, Y.; Wang, C.; Shang, Y.; Wang, H.; Wan, L.; Liu, L.; Li, C.; et al. Serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates that cause invasive disease among Chinese children. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2010, 50, 741–744. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Yao, K.H.; Wang, L.B.; Zhao, G.M.; Zheng, Y.J.; Deng, L.; Huang, J.F.; Wang, J.X.; Zhao, R.Z.; Deng, Q.L.; Hu, Y.H.; et al. Pneumococcal serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance in Chinese children hospitalized for pneumonia. Vaccine 2011, 29, 2296–2301. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Zhou, L.; Yu, S.J.; Gao, W.; Yao, K.H.; Shen, A.D.; Yang, Y.H. Serotype distribution and antibiotic resistance of 140 pneumococcal isolates from pediatric patients with upper respiratory infections in Beijing, 2010. Vaccine 2011, 29, 7704–7710. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Liu, C.; Xiong, X.; Xu, W.; Sun, J.; Wang, L.; Li, J. Serotypes and patterns of antibiotic resistance in strains causing invasive pneumococcal disease in children less than 5 years of age. PLoS ONE 2013, 8, e54254. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Ma, X.; Zhao, R.; Ma, Z.; Yao, K.; Yu, S.; Zheng, Y.; Yang, Y. Serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates causing invasive diseases from Shenzhen Children’s Hospital. PLoS ONE 2013, 8, e67507. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Geng, Q.; Zhang, T.; Ding, Y.; Tao, Y.; Lin, Y.; Wang, Y.; Black, S.; Zhao, G. Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from children hospitalized with respiratory infections in Suzhou, China. PLoS ONE 2014, 9, e93752. [Google Scholar]
- Ho, P.L.; Lam, K.F.; Chow, F.K.; Lau, Y.L.; Wong, S.S.; Cheng, S.L.; Chiu, S.S. Serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns of nasopharyngeal and invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Hong Kong children. Vaccine 2004, 22, 3334–3339. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Ho, P.L.; Que, T.L.; Chiu, S.S.; Yung, R.W.; Ng, T.K.; Tsang, D.N.; Seto, W.H.; Lau, Y.L. Fluoroquinolone and other antimicrobial resistance in invasive pneumococci, Hong Kong, 1995–2001. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2004, 10, 1250–1257. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Ho, P.L.; Chiu, S.S.; Ang, I.; Lau, Y.L. Serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibilities of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae before and after introduction of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, Hong Kong, 1995–2009. Vaccine 2011, 29, 3270–3275. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Ip, M.; Nelson, E.A.; Cheuk, E.S.; Sung, R.Y.; Li, A.; Ma, H.; Chan, P.K. Serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibilities of nasopharyngeal isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from children hospitalized for acute respiratory illnesses in Hong Kong. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2007, 45, 1969–1971. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Ip, M.; Chau, S.S.; Lai, L.S.; Ma, H.; Chan, P.K.; Nelson, E.A. Increased nasopharyngeal carriage of serotypes 6A, 6C, and 6D Streptococcus pneumoniae after introduction of childhood pneumococcal vaccination in Hong Kong. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2013, 76, 153–157. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Ubukata, K.; Chiba, N.; Hasegawa, K.; Kobayashi, R.; Iwata, S.; Sunakawa, K. Antibiotic susceptibility in relation to penicillin-binding protein genes and serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains responsible for meningitis in Japan, 1999 to 2002. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2004, 48, 1488–1494. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Chiba, N.; Kobayashi, R.; Hasegawa, K.; Morozumi, M.; Nakayama, E.; Tajima, T.; Iwata, S.; Ubukata, K. Antibiotic susceptibility according to genotype of penicillin-binding protein and macrolide resistance genes, and serotype of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from community-acquired pneumonia in children. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2005, 56, 756–760. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Billal, D.S.; Hotomi, M.; Suzumoto, M.; Yamauchi, K.; Arai, J.; Katsurahara, T.; Moriyama, S.; Fujihara, K.; Yamanaka, N. Determination of pneumococcal serotypes/genotypes in nasopharyngeal secretions of otitis media children by multiplex PCR. Eur. J. Pediatr. 2008, 167, 401–407. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hotomi, M.; Billal, D.S.; Kamide, Y.; Kanesada, K.; Uno, Y.; Kudo, F.; Ito, M.; Kakehata, S.; Sugita, R.; Ogami, M.; et al. Serotype distribution and penicillin resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from middle ear fluids of pediatric patients with acute otitis media in Japan. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2008, 46, 3808–3810. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Takano, M.; Ozaki, K.; Nitahara, Y.; Higuchi, W.; Takano, T.; Nishiyama, A.; Yamamoto, T. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae at the initial stage of influenza. Pediatr. Int. 2009, 51, 687–695. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Chiba, N.; Morozumi, M.; Sunaoshi, K.; Takahashi, S.; Takano, M.; Komori, T.; Sunakawa, K.; Ubukata, K. Serotype and antibiotic resistance of isolates from patients with invasive pneumococcal disease in Japan. Epidemiol. Infect. 2010, 138, 61–68. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Tanaka, J.; Ishiwada, N.; Wada, A.; Chang, B.; Hishiki, H.; Kurosaki, T.; Kohno, Y. Incidence of childhood pneumonia and serotype and sequence-type distribution in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Japan. Epidemiol. Infect. 2012, 140, 1111–1121. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Oishi, T.; Wada, A.; Chang, B.; Toyabe, S.; Uchiyama, M. Serotyping and multilocus sequence typing of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from the blood and posterior nares of Japanese children prior to the introduction of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. 2011, 64, 341–344. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Sakai, F.; Chiba, N.; Ono, A.; Yamagata, M.S.; Ubukata, K.; Sunakawa, K.; Takahashi, T. Molecular epidemiologic characteristics of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from children with meningitis in Japan from 2007 through 2009. J. Infect. Chemother. 2011, 17, 334–340. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Sakata, H. Invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in children in Kamikawa and Soya subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan, 2000–2010, before the introduction of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. J. Infect. Chemother. 2011, 17, 799–802. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Morozumi, M.; Chiba, N.; Okada, T.; Sakata, H.; Matsubara, K.; Iwata, S.; Ubukata, K. Antibiotic susceptibility in relation to genotype of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae responsible for community-acquired pneumonia in children. J. Infect. Chemother. 2013, 19, 432–440. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Oishi, T.; Ishiwada, N.; Matsubara, K.; Nishi, J.; Chang, B.; Tamura, K.; Akeda, Y.; Ihara, T.; Nahm, M.H.; Oishi, K. Low opsonic activity to the infecting serotype in pediatric patients with invasive pneumococcal disease. Vaccine 2013, 31, 845–849. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Chiba, N.; Morozumi, M.; Shouji, M.; Wajima, T.; Iwata, S.; Ubukata, K. Changes in capsule and drug resistance of Pneumococci after introduction of PCV7, Japan, 2010–2013. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2014, 20, 1132–1139. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Ishiwada, N.; Hishiki, H.; Nagasawa, K.; Naito, S.; Sato, Y.; Chang, B.; Sasaki, Y.; Kimura, K.; Ohnishi, M.; Shibayama, K. The incidence of pediatric invasive Haemophilus influenzae and pneumococcal disease in Chiba prefecture, Japan before and after the introduction of conjugate vaccines. Vaccine 2014, 32, 5425–5431. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Soh, S.W.; Poh, C.L.; Lin, R.V. Serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from pediatric patients in Singapore. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2000, 44, 2193–2196. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Chong, C.Y.; Koh-Cheng, T.; Yee-Hui, M.; Nancy, T.W. Invasive pneumococcal disease in Singapore children. Vaccine 2008, 26, 3427–3431. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Jefferies, J.M.; Tee, W.S.; Clarke, S.C. Molecular analysis of Streptococcus pneumoniae clones causing invasive disease in children in Singapore. J. Med. Microbiol. 2011, 60, 750–755. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Eun, B.W.; Kim, S.J.; Cho, E.Y.; Lee, J.; Choi, E.H.; Lee, H.J. Genetic structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from children in a tertiary care university hospital, in Korea, 1995 to 2005. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2010, 68, 345–351. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lee, S.; Bae, S.; Lee, K.J.; Yu, J.Y.; Kang, Y. Changes in serotype prevalence and antimicrobial resistance among invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Korea, 1996–2008. J. Med. Microbiol. 2013, 62, 1204–1210. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lee, S.; Lee, K.; Kang, Y.; Bae, S. Prevalence of serotype and multidrug-resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae respiratory tract isolates in 265 adults and 36 children in Korea, 2002–2005. Microb. Drug Resist. 2010, 16, 135–142. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Cho, E.Y.; Kang, H.M.; Lee, J.; Kang, J.H.; Choi, E.H.; Lee, H.J. Changes in serotype distribution and antibiotic resistance of nasopharyngeal isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from children in Korea, after optional use of the 7-valent conjugate vaccine. J. Korean Med. Sci. 2012, 27, 716–722. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Ahn, J.G.; Choi, S.Y.; Kim, D.S.; Kim, K.H. Enhanced detection and serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae using multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Korean J. Pediatr. 2012, 55, 424–429. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Cho, E.Y.; Lee, H.; Choi, E.H.; Kim, Y.J.; Eun, B.W.; Cho, Y.K.; Kim, Y.K.; Jo, D.S.; Lee, H.S.; Lee, J.; et al. Serotype distribution and antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from invasive infections after optional use of the 7-valent conjugate vaccine in Korea, 2006–2010. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2014, 78, 481–486. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lauderdale, T.L.; Wagener, M.M.; Lin, H.M.; Huang, I.F.; Lee, W.Y.; Hseih, K.S.; Lai, J.F.; Chiou, C.C. Serotype and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from Taiwanese children: Comparison of nasopharyngeal and clinical isolates. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2006, 56, 421–426. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lin, W.J.; Lo, W.T.; Chou, C.Y.; Chen, Y.Y.; Tsai, S.Y.; Chu, M.L.; Wang, C.C. Antimicrobial resistance patterns and serotype distribution of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from children in Taiwan from 1999 to 2004. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2006, 56, 189–196. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Shen, C.F.; Wang, S.M.; Lee, K.H.; Ho, T.S.; Liu, C.C. Childhood invasive pneumococcal disease caused by non-7-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PCV7) serotypes under partial immunization in Taiwan. J. Formos. Med. Assoc. 2013, 112, 561–568. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hsieh, Y.C.; Huang, Y.C.; Lin, H.C.; Ho, Y.H.; Chang, K.Y.; Huang, L.M.; Hsueh, P.R. Characterization of invasive isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae among Taiwanese children. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 2009, 15, 991–996. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hsieh, Y.C.; Lin, P.Y.; Chiu, C.H.; Huang, Y.C.; Chang, K.Y.; Liao, C.H.; Chiu, N.C.; Chuang, Y.C.; Chen, P.Y.; Chang, S.C.; et al. National survey of invasive pneumococcal diseases in Taiwan under partial PCV7 vaccination in 2007: Emergence of serotype 19A with high invasive potential. Vaccine 2009, 27, 5513–5518. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Kung, Y.H.; Chiu, N.C.; Lee, K.S.; Chang, L.; Huang, D.T.; Huang, F.Y.; Hsieh, Y.C.; Huang, L.M.; Chi, H. Bacterial etiology of acute otitis media in the era prior to universal pneumococcal vaccination in Taiwanese children. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. 2014, 47, 239–244. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lee, M.R.; Chen, C.M.; Chuang, T.Y.; Huang, Y.T.; Hsueh, P.R. Capsular serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibilities of Streptococcus pneumoniae causing invasive pneumococcal disease from 2009–2012 with an emphasis on serotype 19A in bacteraemic pneumonia and empyema and beta-lactam resistance. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 2013, 42, 395–402. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Srifeungfung, S.; Chokephaibulkit, K.; Tribuddharat, C. Serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibilities of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from hospitalized patients in Thailand. Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health 2007, 38, 469–477. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Levine, S.; Dejsirilert, S.; Sangsuk, L.; Chantra, S.; Feikin, D.R.; Dowell, S.F.; Olsen, S.J. Serotypes and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Thailand 2002–2004. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2006, 25, 176–178. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Phongsamart, W.; Srifeungfung, S.; Dejsirilert, S.; Chatsuwan, T.; Nunthapisud, P.; Treerauthaweeraphong, V.; Rungnobhakhun, P.; Chokephaibulkit, K. Serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of S. pneumoniae causing invasive disease in Thai children younger than 5 years old, 2000–2005. Vaccine 2007, 25, 1275–1280. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Baggett, H.C.; Peruski, L.F.; Olsen, S.J.; Thamthitiwat, S.; Rhodes, J.; Dejsirilert, S.; Wongjindanon, W.; Dowell, S.F.; Fischer, J.E.; Areerat, P.; et al. Incidence of pneumococcal bacteremia requiring hospitalization in rural Thailand. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2009, 48, S65–S74. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Suwanpakdee, D.; Samakoses, R.; Sirinavin, S.; Kerdpanich, A.; Simasathien, S.; Thunyaharn, S.; Dejsirilert, S.; Watanaveeradej, V. Invasive pneumococcal disease in Phramongkutklao Hospital 2004–2008: Clinical data, serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns. J. Med. Assoc. Thai. 2010, 93, S40–S45. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Srifeungfung, S.; Tribuddharat, C.; Comerungsee, S.; Chatsuwan, T.; Treerauthanaweeraphong, V.; Rungnobhakhun, P.; Nunthapisud, P.; Chokephaibulkit, K. Serotype coverage of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and drug susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from invasive or non-invasive diseases in central Thailand, 2006–2009. Vaccine 2010, 28, 3440–3444. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Rhodes, J.; Dejsirilert, S.; Maloney, S.A.; Jorakate, P.; Kaewpan, A.; Salika, P.; Akarachotpong, T.; Prapasiri, P.; Naorat, S.; Areerat, P.; et al. Pneumococcal Bacteremia Requiring Hospitalization in Rural Thailand: An Update on Incidence, Clinical Characteristics, Serotype Distribution, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility, 2005–2010. PLoS ONE 2013, 8, e66038. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Vasoo, S.; Singh, K.; Chow, C.; Lin, R.T.; Hsu, L.Y.; Tambyah, P.A. Pneumococcal carriage and resistance in children attending day care centers in Singapore in an early era of PCV-7 uptake. J. Infect. 2010, 60, 507–509. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Country. | Isolates (n) | Age (Years) | Study Period | Location | Disease | Serotype Coverage (%) PCV7 PCV13 | Reference | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
China | 50 | <5 | 1997–1998 | Beijing | NS 1 | [22] | ||
112 | <3 | 2000–2001 | Shanghai | RI 2 | 81 | [23] | ||
625 | <5 | 2000–2002 | 3 cities | RI | 57.6 | [24] | ||
519 | <5 | 2000–2005 | Beijing | RI | 57 | [25] | ||
451 | <5 | 2005–2006 | 8 cities | NS | 63.6 | 79.6 | [26] | |
171 | <14 | 2006–2008 | 11 cities | IPD 3 | 60.3 | 87.8 | [27] | |
338 | <5 | 2006–2008 | 5 cities | Pneumonia | 76.3 | 92.3 | [28] | |
140 | Pediatric | 2010 | Beijing | RI | 43.6 | 60.0 | [29] | |
61 | <5 | 2009–2011 | Shenyang | IPD | 54.1 | 85.4 | [30] | |
87 | <14 | 2009–2012 | Shenzhen | IPD | 77.0 | 89.7 | [31] | |
178 | <5 | 2012–2013 | Suzhou | IPD | 71.9 | 89.9 | [32] | |
Hong Kong | 88 | <6 | 1999–2000 | IPD | 89.7 | [33] | ||
88 | <5 | 1995–2001 | IPD | 89.7 | [34] | |||
86 | <5 | 1995–2001 | IPD | 89.5 | 93.0 | [35] | ||
16 | 5–17 | 1995–2001 | IPD | 81.3 | 87.5 | [35] | ||
519 | <15 | 2005–2006 | RI | 72.3 | [36] | |||
70 | <5 | 2005–2009 | IPD | 65.7 | 91.4 | [35] | ||
15 | 5–17 | 2005–2009 | IPD | 60.0 | 73.3 | [35] | ||
911 | <16 | 2008–2010 | RI | 44.2 | 58.6 | [37] | ||
Japan | 138 | ≤17 | 1999–2002 | Nationwide | Meningitis | 76.1 | [38] | |
392 | pediatric | 2002–2004 | Nationwide | Pneumonia | 70.9 | 84.9 | [39] | |
36 | 1-5 | NA2 | Wakayama | AOM 4 | [40] | |||
175 | <11 | 2006–2007 | Nationwide | AOM | 60.6 | 82.9 | [41] | |
51 | <16 | Niigata | RI | [42] | ||||
191 | ≤17 | 2006–2007 | Nationwide | IPD | 75.4 | 93.7 | [43] | |
63 | <16 | 2008–2009 | Chiba City | Pneumonia | 66.7 | 81.0 | [44] | |
5 | <16 | 2008–2009 | Chiba City | Pneumonia | 80.0 | 100 | [44] | |
16 | <15 | 2007–2009 | Niigata | NS | 81.3 | 93.8 | [45] | |
60 | <15 | 2007–2009 | Niigata | Pneumonia | 57.1 | 73.0 | [45] | |
52 | <1 | 2007–2009 | Nationwide | Meningitis | 70.6 | 82.4 | [46] | |
51 | 1–5 | 2007–2009 | Nationwide | Meningitis | 72.5 | 80.4 | [46] | |
12 | 5–15 | 2007–2009 | Nationwide | Meningitis | 20.0 | 30 | [46] | |
76 | pediatric | 2000–2010 | Hokkaido | IPD | 71.4 | 83.1 | [47] | |
241 | pediatric | 2008–2009 | Nationwide | Pneumonia | 68.7 | 80.9 | [48] | |
24 | pediatric | 2008–2012 | 22 cities | IPD | [49] | |||
300 | <18 | 2010 | Nationwide | IPD | 73.3 | 89.0 | [50] | |
146 | <18 | 2011 | Nationwide | IPD | 54.8 | 72.6 | [50] | |
156 | <18 | 2012 | Nationwide | IPD | 14.7 | 39.1 | [50] | |
19 | <5 | 2008 | Chiba | IPD | 57.9 | [51] | ||
27 | <5 | 2009 | Chiba | IPD | 63.0 | [51] | ||
24 | <5 | 2010 | Chiba | IPD | 87.5 | [51] | ||
17 | <5 | 2011 | Chiba | IPD | 64.7 | [51] | ||
16 | <5 | 2012 | Chiba | IPD | 18.8 | [51] | ||
17 | <5 | 2013 | Chiba | IPD | 11.8 | [51] | ||
Singapore | 180 | Pediatric | 1997–1999 | IPD, non-IPD | [52] | |||
93 | <19 | 1997–2004 | IPD | 78.1 | 92.3 | [53] | ||
86 | <13 | 2001–2006 | IPD | 85 | 96.5 | [54] | ||
South Korea | 66 | <5 | 1995–1998 | Seoul | IPD, non-IPD | 80.3 | [55] | |
140 | <5 | 1999–2002 | Seoul | IPD, non-IPD | 56.4 | [55] | ||
72 | <5 | 2003–2005 | Seoul | IPD, non-IPD | 62.5 | [55] | ||
13 | <5 | 1996–1999 | NS | IPD | 69.2 | [56] | ||
23 | <5 | 2000–2003 | NS | IPD | 65.2 | [56] | ||
36 | <17 | 2002–2005 | Seoul | RI | 38.9 | 77.8 | [57] | |
72 | <5 | 2003–2005 | Seoul | IPD, non-IPD | 62.5 | [55] | ||
38 | <5 | 2004–2006 | NS | IPD | 53.6 | [56] | ||
<5 | 2006–2008 | NS | IPD | 50.0 | [56] | |||
205 | <18 | 2009–2010 | Seoul | RI | 16.6 | [58] | ||
167 | <5 | 2009–2010 | Seoul | RI | 30.5 | 53.9 | [59] | |
140 | <18 | 2006–2010 | 4 cities (Seoul, Incheon, Ansan, Jeonu) | IPD | 45 | 77.2 | [60] | |
Taiwan | 169 | 2–13 | 1997–2003 | Kaoshiung | RI | 86.4 | [61] | |
144 | 2–13 | 1997–2003 | Kaoshiung | IPD, non-IPD | 92.4 | [61] | ||
286 | ≤14 | 1999–2004 | Nationwide | IPD | 85.0 | [62] | ||
105 | <15 | 1998–2010 | Tainan | IPD | 71.4 | [63] | ||
68 | <15 | 2004–2006 | 4 cities (Taipei, Taichung, Hualien, Kaohsiung) | IPD | 83.8 | [64] | ||
34 | <2 | 2007 | Nationwide | IPD | 64.7 | 82.4 | [65] | |
89 | 2–4 | 2007 | Nationwide | IPD | 73 | 93.1 | [65] | |
26 | 5–9 | 2007 | Nationwide | IPD | 73.1 | 88.5 | [65] | |
35 | Pediatric | 2009–2011 | Taipei | AOM | [66] | |||
42 | <12 | 2009–2012 | Taipei | IPD | 37.8 | 79.6 | [67] | |
Thailand | 49 | <19 | 1997–2000 | Bangkok | NS | [68] | ||
256 | <5 | 2003–2004 | Sa Kaeo | Influenza-like | 54.7 | [69] | ||
58 | <5 | 2003–2004 | Sa Kaeo | Pneumonia | 62.0 | [69] | ||
115 | <5 | 2000–2005 | Nationwide | IPD | 73.9 | 87.8 | [70] | |
19 | <5 | 2005–2007 | Sa Kaeo, Nakhon Phanom | Pneumonia | 78.9 | 94.7 | [71] | |
14 | <18 | 2004–2008 | Bangkok | IPD | [72] | |||
64 | <5 | 2006–2009 | 3 Provinces (Bankok, Nakorn Pratom, Nonthaburi) | IPD | 70.3 | 81.2 | [73] | |
42 | <5 | 2006–2009 | 3 Provinces (Bankok, Nakorn Pratom, Nonthaburi) | Non-IPD | 61.9 | 76.2 | [73] | |
39 | <5 | 2005–2010 | Sa Kaeo, Nakhon Phanom | Pneumonia | 92.3 | [74] |
Country | Pre-PCV7 | Post-PCV7 |
---|---|---|
China | 19F (27.6%), 23F (11.7%), 6B (8.3%), 19A (8.0%), 14 (7.3%) | 19F (23.2%), 19A (15.9%), 23F (12.9%), 14 (12.0%), 6B (10.9%) |
Hong Kong | 14 (34.2%), 6B (19.8%), 23F (17.6%), 19F (10.1%), 18C (5.0%) | 6B (16.8%), 19F (16.6%), 23F (10.6%),14 (10.2%) |
Japan | 6B (21.9%), 19F (16.1%), 23F (14.4%), 14 (10.0%), 6A (6.7%) | 6B (21.0%), 19A (13.0%), 23F (10.9%), 19F (8.7%), 14 (7.1%) |
Singapore | 19F (31.1%), 23F (22.3%), 14 (17.9%), 6B (12.85%) | |
South Korea | 23F (21.5%), 19F (20.7%), 19A (12.8%), 6A (8.3%), 6B (8.3%), 14 (7.0%), 9V (5.4%) | 19A (18.5%), 19F (12.1%), 6B (10.1%), 6A, (7.1%), 23F (5.5%) |
Taiwan | 23F (23.7%), 14 (23.2%), 19F (19.1%), 6B (16.7%) | 19A (24.9%), 14 (16.6%), 19F (15.7%), 6B (13.1%), 3 (6.5%), 23F (6.6%) |
Thailand | 6B (19.0%), 23F (17.3%), 19F (11.5%), 14 (9.8%) | 23F (20%), 6B (18,6%), 14 (15.8%), 19F (11.7%), 19A (6.9%) |
Country | Isolates (n) | Serotype Coverage (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
PCV7 | PCV10 | PCV13 | ||
China | 2,266 1 | 57.6 | 59.9 | 70.7 |
466 2 | 60.5 | 60.9 | 79.8 | |
Hong Kong | 278 1 | 89.2 | 89.2 | 91.3 |
1,515 2 | 55.6 | 55.6 | 66.1 | |
Japan | 1,603 1 | 68.6 | 69.6 | 83.5 |
676 2 | 53.1 | 53.4 | 71.9 | |
Singapore | 273 1 | 85.7 | 86.1 | 93.0 |
South Korea | 242 1 | 64.5 | 64.9 | 86.0 |
622 2 | 34.6 | 35.5 | 61.7 | |
Taiwan | 599 1 | 87.1 | 87.3 | 92.0 |
229 2 | 54.1 | 58.1 | 89.5 | |
Thailand | 478 1 | 74.1 | 76.6 | 81.8 |
145 2 | 68.3 | 69.0 | 82.8 |
© 2016 by the author; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons by Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Tai, S.S. Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype Distribution and Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Serotype Coverage among Pediatric Patients in East and Southeast Asia, 2000–2014: a Pooled Data Analysis. Vaccines 2016, 4, 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines4010004
Tai SS. Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype Distribution and Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Serotype Coverage among Pediatric Patients in East and Southeast Asia, 2000–2014: a Pooled Data Analysis. Vaccines. 2016; 4(1):4. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines4010004
Chicago/Turabian StyleTai, Stanley S. 2016. "Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype Distribution and Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Serotype Coverage among Pediatric Patients in East and Southeast Asia, 2000–2014: a Pooled Data Analysis" Vaccines 4, no. 1: 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines4010004