Characterization of the Antibody and Interferon-Gamma Release Response after a Second COVID-19 Booster Vaccination
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Collection of Serum Samples
2.2. Cell Culture
2.3. Virus Propagation and SARS-CoV-2 Variants
2.4. Anti-Spike IgG Assay
2.5. Neutralization Assay
2.6. Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA)
2.7. Statistics
3. Results
3.1. Characterization of the Study Cohort after the Second Booster Vaccination
3.2. Anti-Spike IgG Antibody Levels after the Second Booster Vaccination
3.3. Booster Vaccination Elicited Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Variants
3.4. Neutralizing Antibodies against Diverse Variants of SARS-CoV-2 after Omicron BA.1 Infection
3.5. Evaluation of Interferon-Gamma Release after the Second Booster Vaccination
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Grikscheit, K.; Rabenau, H.F.; Ghodratian, Z.; Widera, M.; Wilhelm, A.; Toptan Grabmair, T.; Hoehl, S.; Layer, E.; Helfritz, F.; Ciesek, S. Characterization of the Antibody and Interferon-Gamma Release Response after a Second COVID-19 Booster Vaccination. Vaccines 2022, 10, 1163. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10071163
Grikscheit K, Rabenau HF, Ghodratian Z, Widera M, Wilhelm A, Toptan Grabmair T, Hoehl S, Layer E, Helfritz F, Ciesek S. Characterization of the Antibody and Interferon-Gamma Release Response after a Second COVID-19 Booster Vaccination. Vaccines. 2022; 10(7):1163. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10071163
Chicago/Turabian StyleGrikscheit, Katharina, Holger F. Rabenau, Zahra Ghodratian, Marek Widera, Alexander Wilhelm, Tuna Toptan Grabmair, Sebastian Hoehl, Emily Layer, Fabian Helfritz, and Sandra Ciesek. 2022. "Characterization of the Antibody and Interferon-Gamma Release Response after a Second COVID-19 Booster Vaccination" Vaccines 10, no. 7: 1163. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10071163