Factors Influencing Men’s Attitudes toward HPV Vaccination in Males Included in the Chinese National Immunization Program
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Measures
2.3. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
Socioeconomic Characteristics and Influencing Factors
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
6. Limitations
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Total (n = 660) | Approval (n = 531) | Disapproval (n = 129) | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 28.04 ± 5.27 | 27.94 ± 5.32 | 28.43 ± 5.05 | 0.878 |
Ethnicity | 0.451 | |||
Han | 623 (94.39%) | 503 (94.73%) | 120 (93.02%) | |
Other | 37 (5.61%) | 28 (5.27%) | 9 (6.98%) | |
Household registration | 0.032 | |||
Urban | 404 (61.21%) | 314 (59.13%) | 90 (69.77%) | |
Rural | 256 (38.79%) | 217 (40.87%) | 39 (30.23%) | |
Education level | 0.651 | |||
Junior college and below | 171 (25.91%) | 140 (26.37%) | 31 (24.03%) | |
Undergraduate | 320 (48.48%) | 259 (48.78%) | 61 (47.29%) | |
Postgraduate and above | 169 (25.61%) | 132 (20.72%) | 37 (28.68%) | |
Occupation | 0.434 | |||
Public institutions | 307 (46.52%) | 258 (48.59%) | 49 (37.98%) | |
Private enterprise | 81 (12.27%) | 70(13.18%) | 11 (8.53%) | |
Student | 150 (22.73%) | 134 (25.24%) | 16 (12.40%) | |
Other | 83 (12.58%) | 69 (12.99%) | 14 (10.85%) | |
Marriage | 0.027 | |||
Unmarried | 468 (70.91%) | 382 (71.94%) | 86 (66.67%) | |
Married | 192 (29.09%) | 149 (28.06%) | 43 (33.33%) | |
Annual income | 0.014 | |||
CNY ≤ 100,000 | 363 (55.00%) | 305 (57.44%) | 58 (44.96%) | |
CNY 100,000–200,000 | 234 (35.45%) | 182 (34.27%) | 52 (40.31%) | |
CNY ≥ 200,000 | 63 (9.55%) | 44 (8.29%) | 19 (14.73%) | |
History of HPV infection | 0.000 | |||
No | 390 (59.09%) | 295 (55.56%) | 95 (73.64%) | |
Yes | 270 (40.91%) | 236 (44.44%) | 34 (26.36%) |
Variable | Total (n = 660) | Approval (n = 531) | Disapproval (n = 129) | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Number of sexual partners | 0.132 | |||
0 | 179 (27.12%) | 152 (28.63%) | 27 (20.93%) | |
1–2 | 466 (70.61%) | 367 (69.11%) | 99 (76.74%) | |
3–6 | 9 (1.36%) | 7 (1.32%) | 2 (1.55%) | |
>6 | 6 (0.91%) | 5 (0.94%) | 1 (0.78%) | |
Sexual partner in the last 6 months | 0.047 | |||
No | 179 (27.12%) | 152 (28.63%) | 27 (20.93%) | |
Yes | 481 (72.88%) | 379 (71.37%) | 102 (79.07%) | |
Frequency of condom use | 0.160 | |||
Frequently | 367 (55.61%) | 295 (55.56%) | 72 (55.81%) | |
Occasionally | 83 (12.58%) | 61 (11.49%) | 22 (17.05%) | |
Never | 210 (31.82%) | 175 (32.96%) | 35 (27.13%) | |
STD examination | 0.791 | |||
No | 487 (73.79%) | 393(74.01%) | 94 (72.87%) | |
Yes | 173 (26.21%) | 138 (25.99%) | 35 (27.13%) | |
HIV testing | 0.876 | |||
No | 431 (65.30%) | 346 (65.16%) | 85 (65.89%) | |
Yes | 229 (34.70%) | 185 (34.84%) | 44 (34.11%) |
Variable | Total (n = 660) | Approval (n = 531) | Disapproval (n = 129) | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Have you ever heard of HPV? | 0.131 | |||
No | 55 (8.33%) | 40 (7.53%) | 15 (11.63%) | |
Yes | 605 (91.67%) | 491 (92.47%) | 114 (88.37%) | |
Both men and women can be infected with HPV | 0.819 | |||
No | 78 (11.82%) | 62 (11.68%) | 16 (12.40%) | |
Yes | 582 (88.18%) | 469 (88.32%) | 113 (87.60%) | |
Diseases associated with HPV infection (scores) | <0.001 | |||
0–1 | 84 (12.73%) | 54 (10.17%) | 30 (23.26%) | |
2–3 | 335 (50.76%) | 275 (51.79%) | 60 (46.51%) | |
4 | 241 (36.52%) | 202 (38.04%) | 39 (30.23%) | |
High-risk factors of HPV (scores) | <0.001 | |||
1–2 | 146 (22.12%) | 95 (17.89%) | 51 (39.53%) | |
3 | 192 (29.09%) | 155 (29.19%) | 37 (28.68%) | |
4–6 | 322 (48.79%) | 281 (52.92%) | 41 (31.78%) | |
Transmission routes of HPV (scores) | 0.003 | |||
1 | 153 (23.18%) | 114 (21.47%) | 39 (30.23%) | |
2 | 343 (51.97%) | 271 (51.04%) | 72 (55.81%) | |
3 | 164 (24.85%) | 146 (27.50%) | 18 (13.95%) | |
Preventive methods of HPV infection F (scores) | 0.003 | |||
1–2 | 76 (11.52%) | 53 (9.98%) | 23 (17.83%) | |
3–4 | 242 (36.67%) | 187 (35.22%) | 55 (42.64%) | |
5–6 | 342 (51.82%) | 291 (54.80%) | 51 (39.53%) |
Variable | Approval (n = 531) | Disapproval (n = 129) | Total (n = 660) | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Can the HPV vaccine prevent malignancies? | 0.761 | |||
No | 41 (7.72%) | 11 (8.53%) | 41 (7.88%) | |
Yes | 490 (92.28%) | 118 (91.47%) | 490 (92.12%) | |
When should the HPV vaccine be given? | 0.005 | |||
Unknown | 103(19.40%) | 41 (31.78%) | 144(21.82%) | |
After first sexual activity | 14 (2.64%) | 1 (0.78%) | 15 (2.27%) | |
Before first sexual activity | 414 (77.97%) | 87 (67.44%) | 501 (75.91%) | |
Can men be vaccinated? | 0.521 | |||
No | 28 (5.27%) | 9 (6.98%) | 37 (5.61%) | |
Yes | 503 (94.73%) | 120 (93.02%) | 623 (94.39%) | |
Does the HPV vaccine protect against all types of HPV infection? | 0.287 | |||
Unknown | 83 (15.63%) | 26 (20.16%) | 109 (16.52%) | |
Yes | 73 (13.75%) | 21 (16.28%) | 94 (14.24%) | |
No | 375 (70.62%) | 82 (63.57%) | 457 (69.24%) |
Factors | β-Coefficient | OR (95%CI) | p |
---|---|---|---|
Household registration | 0.142 | ||
Urban | reference | 1 | |
Rural | 0.34 | 1.40 (0.89–2.20) | |
Education level | 0.189 | ||
Junior college and below | reference | 1 | |
Undergraduate | −0.02 | 0.98 (0.57–1.70) | 0.950 |
Postgraduate and above | −0.46 | 0.63 (0.34–1.18) | 0.149 |
Marriage status | 0.331 | ||
Unmarried | reference | 1 | |
Married | 0.24 | 1.27 (0.78–2.07) | |
Annual income (CNY) | 0.007 | ||
≤100,000 | reference | 1 | |
100–200,000 | −0.47 | 0.63 (0.39–1.00) | 0.051 |
≥200,000 | −1.08 | 0.34 (0.17–0.68) | 0.002 |
History of HPV infection | 0.008 | ||
No | reference | 1 | |
Yes | 0.61 | 1.84 (1.17–2.90) | |
Sexual partner in the last 6 months | 0.233 | ||
No | reference | 1 | |
Yes | −0.32 | 0.73 (0.43-1.23) | |
Diseases associated with HPV infection | 0.12 | 1.13 (0.91–1.39) | 0.269 |
High-risk factors of HPV | 0.37 | 1.44 (1.17–1.79) | 0.001 |
Transmission routes of HPV | 0.10 | 1.10 (0.78–1.56) | 0.574 |
Preventive methods of HPV infection | −0.09 | 0.91 (0.75–1.11) | 0.363 |
Timing of vaccine administration | 0.049 | ||
Unknown | reference | 1 | |
After first sex | 1.71 | 5.51 (0.67–45.10) | 0.112 |
Before first sex | 0.56 | 1.75 (1.04–2.95) | 0.036 |
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Tao, Y.; Shao, H.; Zhang, T.; Pu, J.; Tang, C. Factors Influencing Men’s Attitudes toward HPV Vaccination in Males Included in the Chinese National Immunization Program. Vaccines 2022, 10, 1054. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10071054
Tao Y, Shao H, Zhang T, Pu J, Tang C. Factors Influencing Men’s Attitudes toward HPV Vaccination in Males Included in the Chinese National Immunization Program. Vaccines. 2022; 10(7):1054. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10071054
Chicago/Turabian StyleTao, Yi, Huarui Shao, Ting Zhang, Junliang Pu, and Chengyong Tang. 2022. "Factors Influencing Men’s Attitudes toward HPV Vaccination in Males Included in the Chinese National Immunization Program" Vaccines 10, no. 7: 1054. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10071054
APA StyleTao, Y., Shao, H., Zhang, T., Pu, J., & Tang, C. (2022). Factors Influencing Men’s Attitudes toward HPV Vaccination in Males Included in the Chinese National Immunization Program. Vaccines, 10(7), 1054. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10071054