Subliminal and Supraliminal Processing of Facial Expression of Emotions: Brain Oscillation in the Left/Right Frontal Area
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Brain Activity and Emotional Facial Expression
1.2. The Role of Consciousness: Subliminal/Supraliminal Stimulation Effect in Face Processing
2. Objectives and Hypotheses
3. Method
3.1. Subject
3.2. Stimulus Material and Procedure
3.3. Backward Masking Procedure
3.4. EEG Acquisition and Data Reduction
4. Results
Right (Supra-) | center (Supra-) | Right (Subli-) | center (Subli-) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | (SD) | M | (SD) | M | (SD) | M | (SD) | |
anger | 6.58 a | 1.28 | 8.08 | 1.10 | 7.34 | 1.47 | 9.56 | 1.56 |
fear | 7.05 | 1.30 | 8.05 | 1.24 | 7.60 | 1.27 | 9.77 | 1.09 |
disgust | 7.09 | 1.05 | 8.20 | 0.89 | 8.73 | 1.40 | 9.46 | 0.98 |
surprise | 7.10 | 1.27 | 8.43 | 0.43 | 7.35 | 0.83 | 9.30 | 0.97 |
happiness | 8.53 | 1.87 | 6.70 | 1.66 | 12.10 | 1.05 | 8.15 | 1.53 |
sadness | 10.98 | 1.50 | 10.89 | 1.32 | 11.43 | 1.22 | 9.87 | 1.23 |
neutral | 12.30 | 1.33 | 12.78 | 0.72 | 12.77 | 1.19 | 11.02 | 1.90 |
Source | df | F | p | η2 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
emotion | 6 | 12.43 | 0.001 | 0.40 | |
emotion × side | 6 | 9.61 | 0.001 | 0.35 |
Source | df | F | p | η2 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
emotion | 6 | 10.16 | 0.001 | 0.43 | |
emotion x side | 6 | 9.78 | 0.001 | 0.36 |
Source | df | F | p | η2 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
emotion | 6 | 10.09 | 0.001 | 0.42 | |
emotion × side | 6 | 9.33 | 0.001 | 0.37 |
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
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Balconi, M.; Ferrari, C. Subliminal and Supraliminal Processing of Facial Expression of Emotions: Brain Oscillation in the Left/Right Frontal Area. Brain Sci. 2012, 2, 85-100. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci2020085
Balconi M, Ferrari C. Subliminal and Supraliminal Processing of Facial Expression of Emotions: Brain Oscillation in the Left/Right Frontal Area. Brain Sciences. 2012; 2(2):85-100. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci2020085
Chicago/Turabian StyleBalconi, Michela, and Chiara Ferrari. 2012. "Subliminal and Supraliminal Processing of Facial Expression of Emotions: Brain Oscillation in the Left/Right Frontal Area" Brain Sciences 2, no. 2: 85-100. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci2020085