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Brain Sciences
Volume 12
Issue 2
10.3390/brainsci12020186
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Communication

Gender Differences in the Correlations between Childhood Trauma, Schizotypy and Negative Emotions in Non-Clinical Individuals

by
Elizabeth H. X. Thomas
1,*,
Susan L. Rossell
2,3 and
Caroline Gurvich
1
1
Department of Psychiatry, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
2
Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
3
St. Vincent’s Mental Health, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Robert Kelly
Brain Sci. 2022, 12(2), 186; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12020186
Received: 31 December 2021 / Revised: 24 January 2022 / Accepted: 24 January 2022 / Published: 29 January 2022
(This article belongs to the Section Psychiatric Diseases)
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Abstract

Early life trauma has a negative impact on the developing brain, and this can lead to a wide range of mental illnesses later in life. Childhood trauma is associated with increased psychotic symptoms and negative emotions such as depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms in adulthood. Childhood trauma has also been shown to influence sub-clinical ‘schizotypy’ characteristics of psychosis in the general population. As it has been reported that mental health outcomes after early life trauma exposure are influenced by gender, the current study aimed to investigate the gender differences in the relationship between childhood trauma, schizotypy and negative emotions. Sixty-one non-clinical participants (33 men and 28 women) aged between 18 and 45 completed self-report questionnaires to measure early life trauma, schizotypy and negative emotions. Despite similar levels of childhood trauma in men and women, early life trauma in women was associated with increased schizotypy personality characteristics (Cognitive Disorganisation) and increased depression, anxiety and stress later in life, but no correlations were observed in men. Our findings suggest that the sociocultural and biological processes affected by early life adversities may differ between the genders. Women may be more vulnerable to the influence of childhood trauma, which may be associated with increased psychopathology later in life. View Full-Text
Keywords: schizophrenia spectrum; early life adversity; depression; anxiety; stress schizophrenia spectrum; early life adversity; depression; anxiety; stress
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
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MDPI and ACS Style

Thomas, E.H.X.; Rossell, S.L.; Gurvich, C. Gender Differences in the Correlations between Childhood Trauma, Schizotypy and Negative Emotions in Non-Clinical Individuals. Brain Sci. 2022, 12, 186. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12020186

AMA Style

Thomas EHX, Rossell SL, Gurvich C. Gender Differences in the Correlations between Childhood Trauma, Schizotypy and Negative Emotions in Non-Clinical Individuals. Brain Sciences. 2022; 12(2):186. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12020186

Chicago/Turabian Style

Thomas, Elizabeth H.X., Susan L. Rossell, and Caroline Gurvich. 2022. "Gender Differences in the Correlations between Childhood Trauma, Schizotypy and Negative Emotions in Non-Clinical Individuals" Brain Sciences 12, no. 2: 186. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12020186

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