Youth Unemployment and Mental Health: The Mediating Role of Embodiment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Personal Resources and Mental Health
1.2. Embodiment
2. Methods
2.1. Context of Our Study
2.2. Data
2.2.1. Dependent Variables
2.2.2. Independent Variables
2.2.3. Control and Stratification Variables
2.3. Methodology
3. Results
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Men | Women | |
---|---|---|
Economic capital | ||
Poor | 37 (7.4%) | 45 (7.6%) |
Modest | 240 (48.1%) | 291 (48.9%) |
Comfortable | 222 (44.5%) | 259 (43.5%) |
Cultural capital | ||
Educational level of the parents | ||
Both parents are low-educated | 216 (51.2%) | 261 (51.5%) |
One parent is low-educated and one parent is high-educated | 87 (20.6%) | 95 (18.7%) |
Both parents are high-educated | 119 (28.2%) | 151 (29.8%) |
Educational level of the respondent | ||
Maximum secondary | 341 (67.3%) | 328 (54.3%) |
Post-secondary education | 166 (32.7%) | 276 (45.7%) |
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Men | |||||||||||
N | Mean | St. Dev. | Correlation | ||||||||
(1) | 499 | - | - | 1 | |||||||
(2) | 422 | - | - | 0.165 * | 1 | ||||||
(3) | 507 | - | - | 0.039 | 0.302 * | 1 | |||||
(4) | 513 | 22.67 | 2.452 | −0.060 | 0.263 * | 0.546 * | 1 | ||||
(5) | 488 | 33.00 | 7.576 | 0.028 | 0.169 * | 0.189 * | 0.081 | 1 | |||
(6) | 484 | 9.13 | 4.278 | −0.267 * | −0.160 * | −0.141 * | −0.089 | −0.341 * | 1 | ||
(7) | 498 | 30.82 | 4.930 | 0.088 | 0.046 | 0.135 * | 0.053 | 0.417 * | −0.421 * | 1 | |
(8) | 501 | 2.66 | 2.856 | −0.046 | 0.114 * | −0.020 | −0.025 | −0.251 * | 0.281 * | −0.474 * | 1 |
Women | |||||||||||
(1) | 597 | - | - | 1 | |||||||
(2) | 507 | - | - | 0.240 * | 1 | ||||||
(3) | 604 | - | - | 0.150 * | 0.333 * | 1 | |||||
(4) | 613 | 22.88 | 2.340 | 0.048 | 0.258 * | 0.568 * | 1 | ||||
(5) | 593 | 33.60 | 6.667 | 0.270 * | 0.131 * | 0.151 * | 0.110 * | 1 | |||
(6) | 590 | 7.94 | 3.760 | −0.183 * | −0.127 * | −0.131 * | −0.079 | −0.317 * | 1 | ||
(7) | 598 | 29.31 | 4.981 | 0.100 * | −0.041 | 0.055 | 0.015 | 0.286 * | −0.436 * | 1 | |
(8) | 605 | 3.95 | 3.420 | −0.154 * | 0.011 | 0.019 | 0.063 | −0.308 * | 0.287 * | −0.519 * | 1 |
Actions | (df) | RMSEA | CI RMSEA 90% | CFI | TLI | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CFA measurement model | ||||||
Mental health | ||||||
Mental health—baseline | 647.047 (130) | 0.084 | 0.078–0.091 | 0.850 | 0.848 | |
Mental health—adapted | Allow 16 error covariances | 186.533 (98) | 0.040 | 0.031–0.049 | 0.974 | 0.965 |
Feelings of deprivation | ||||||
Feelings of deprivation—baseline | 74.588 (18) | 0.076 | 0.059–0.095 | 0.975 | 0.972 | |
Feelings of deprivation—adapted | Allow 1 error covariance | 31.325 (16) | 0.042 | 0.019–0.064 | 0.993 | 0.992 |
Social support | ||||||
Social support—baseline | 424.731 (54) | 0.111 | 0.102–0.121 | 0.909 | 0.906 | |
Social support—adapted | Allow 8 error covariances | 44.242 (38) | 0.017 | 0.000–0.036 | 0.998 | 0.998 |
Self-esteem | ||||||
Self-esteem—baseline | 714.987 (88) | 0.114 | 0.106–0.121 | 0.768 | 0.763 | |
Self-esteem—adapted | Allow 19 error covariances | 86.251 (50) | 0.036 | 0.023–0.049 | 0.987 | 0.976 |
Structural equation model | ||||||
Final model | 2381.422 (1345) | 0.037 | 0.034–0.039 | 0.929 | 0.923 |
Structural Equation Model | Direct Effect | Indirect Effect | Total Effect | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Men | ||||||
Feelings of deprivation (increasing feelings of deprivation) | ||||||
Economic capital (improving financial situation) | −0.151 | *** | −0.151 | *** | ||
Social capital (increasing social support) | −0.404 | *** | −0.404 | *** | ||
Cultural capital | ||||||
Educational level of the parents (increasing educational level) | −0.027 | 0.027 | ||||
Respondent’s educational level (increasing educational level) | −0.014 | −0.014 | ||||
Self-Esteem (increasing self-esteem) | ||||||
Feelings of deprivation (increasing feelings of deprivation) | −0.351 | *** | −0.351 | *** | ||
Economic capital (improving financial situation) | 0.027 | 0.053 | ** | 0.080 | * | |
Social capital (increasing social support) | 0.342 | *** | 0.142 | *** | 0.484 | *** |
Cultural capital | ||||||
Educational level of the parents (increasing educational level) | −0.083 | −0.009 | −0.093 | |||
Respondent’s educational level (increasing educational level) | 0.063 | 0.005 | 0.069 | |||
Poor mental health | ||||||
Self-Esteem (increasing self-esteem) | −0.546 | *** | −0.546 | *** | ||
Feelings of deprivation (increasing feelings of deprivation) | 0.041 | 0.192 | *** | 0.234 | *** | |
Economic capital (improving financial situation) | −0.081 | −0.050 | * | −0.131 | ** | |
Social capital (increasing social support) | −0.039 | −0.281 | *** | −0.321 | *** | |
Cultural capital | ||||||
Educational level of the parents (increasing educational level) | 0.171 | ** | 0.052 | 0.223 | *** | |
Respondent’s educational level (increasing educational level) | −0.006 | −0.038 | −0.045 | |||
Age (control variable) | 0.015 | 0.015 | ||||
Women | ||||||
Feelings of deprivation (increasing feelings of deprivation) | ||||||
Economic capital (improving financial situation) | −0.222 | *** | −0.222 | *** | ||
Social capital (increasing social support) | −0.290 | *** | −0.290 | *** | ||
Cultural capital | ||||||
Educational level of the parents (increasing educational level) | −0.047 | −0.047 | ||||
Respondent’s educational level (increasing educational level) | −0.115 | * | −0.115 | * | ||
Self-Esteem (increasing self-esteem) | ||||||
Feelings of deprivation (increasing feelings of deprivation) | −0.441 | *** | −0.441 | *** | ||
Economic capital (improving financial situation) | −0.121 | ** | 0.098 | *** | −0.023 | |
Social capital (increasing social support) | 0.214 | *** | 0.128 | *** | 0.342 | *** |
Cultural capital | ||||||
Educational level of the parents (increasing educational level) | −0.133 | ** | 0.020 | −0.112 | * | |
Respondent’s educational level (increasing educational level) | −0.073 | 0.050 | * | −0.022 | ||
Poor mental health | ||||||
Self-Esteem (increasing self-esteem) | −0.622 | *** | −0.622 | *** | ||
Feelings of deprivation (increasing feelings of deprivation) | −0.018 | 0.274 | *** | 0.256 | *** | |
Economic capital (improving financial situation) | −0.158 | *** | 0.018 | −0.140 | ** | |
Social capital (increasing social support) | −0.120 | * | −0.208 | *** | −0.328 | *** |
Cultural capital | ||||||
Educational level of the parents (increasing educational level) | 0.015 | 0.071 | * | 0.086 | ||
Respondent’s educational level (increasing educational level) | 0.055 | 0.016 | 0.071 | |||
Age (control variable) | 0.060 | 0.060 |
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Huegaerts, K.; Spruyt, B.; Vanroelen, C. Youth Unemployment and Mental Health: The Mediating Role of Embodiment. Societies 2018, 8, 43. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc8020043
Huegaerts K, Spruyt B, Vanroelen C. Youth Unemployment and Mental Health: The Mediating Role of Embodiment. Societies. 2018; 8(2):43. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc8020043
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuegaerts, Kelly, Bram Spruyt, and Christophe Vanroelen. 2018. "Youth Unemployment and Mental Health: The Mediating Role of Embodiment" Societies 8, no. 2: 43. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc8020043