A Comprehensive Look at Maxillofacial Traumas: On the Basis of Orbital Involvement
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Patient Age | |||
---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | Min–Max | p | |
Orbital fracture—Yes | 38.98 ± 19.13 | 11–87 | <0.001 |
Orbital fracture—None | 29.2 ± 19.36 | 0.33–97 | |
Medial wall fracture—Yes | 39.96 ± 16.2 | 12–76 | 0.011 |
Medial wall fracture—None | 29.48 ± 19.47 | 0.33–97 | |
Lateral wall fracture—Yes | 54 ± 17.18 | 34–76 | 0.001 |
Lateral wall fracture—None | 29.56 ± 19.36 | 0.33–97 | |
Superior wall fracture—Yes | 39.09 ± 19.86 | 12–76 | 0.109 |
Superior wall fracture—None | 29.64 ± 19.44 | 0.33–97 | |
Inferior wall fracture—Yes | 36.29 ± 21.23 | 12–87 | 0.071 |
Inferior wall fracture—None | 29.54 ± 19.37 | 0.33–97 |
Location of Orbital Wall Fractures | |||
---|---|---|---|
Yes (n = 47) | None (n = 840) | Total (n = 887) | |
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
Medial wall fracture—Yes | 23/47 (48.9) | 0 (0) | 23/887 (2.6) |
Medial wall fracture—None | 24/47 (51.1) | 840/840 (100) | 864/887 (97.4) |
Lateral wall fracture—Yes | 8/47 (17) | 0 (0) | 8/887 (0.9) |
Lateral wall fracture—None | 39/47 (83) | 840/840 (100) | 879/887 (99.1) |
Superior wall fracture—Yes | 11/47 (23.4) | 0 (0) | 11/887 (1.2) |
Superior wall fracture—None | 36/47 (76.6) | 840/840 (100) | 876/887 (98.8) |
Inferior wall fracture—Yes | 26/47 (55.3) | 3/840 (0.4) | 29/887 (3.3) |
Inferior wall fracture—None | 21 /47 (44.7) | 837/840 (99.6) | 858/887 (96.7) |
Orbital Involvement | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Yes (n = 47) | None (n = 840) | Total (n = 887) | ||
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | p | |
Nasal bone fracture—Yes | 12/47 (25.5) | 121/840(14.4) | 133/887 (15) | <0.001 |
Nazal bone fracture—None | 35/47 (74.5) | 719/840 (85.6) | 754/887 (85) | |
Soft tissue involvement—Yes | 26/47 (55.3) | 26/840 (3.1) | 52/887 (5.9) | <0.001 |
Soft tissue involvement—None | 21/47 (44.7) | 814/840 (96.9) | 835/887 (94.1) | |
Ethmoid bone fracture—Yes | 1/47 (2.1) | 0/840 (0) | 1/887 (0.1) | <0.001 |
Ethmoid bone fracture—None | 46/47 (97.9) | 840 /840 (100) | 886/887 (99.9) | |
Sphenoid bone fracture—Yes | 2/47 (4.3) | 0/840 (0) | 2/887 (0.2) | 0.003 |
Sphenoid bone fracture—None | 45/47 (95.7) | 840/840 (100) | 885/887 (99.8) | |
Frontal bone fracture—Yes | 9/47 (19.1) | 3/840 (0.4) | 12/887 (1.4) | <0.001 |
Frontal bone fracture—None | 38/47 (80.9) | 837/840 (99.6) | 875/887 (98.6) | |
Maxillary bone fracture—Yes | 18/47 (38.3) | 5/840 (0.6) | 23/887 (2.6) | <0.001 |
Maxillary bone fracture—None | 29/47 (61.7) | 835/840 (99.4) | 864/887 (97.4) | |
Mandibula bone fracture—Yes | 2/47 (4.3) | 5/840 (0.6) | 7/887 (0.8) | 0.059 |
Mandibula bone fracture—None | 45/47 (95.7) | 835/840 (99.4) | 880/887 (99.2) | |
Zygomatic bone fracture—Yes | 5/47 (10.6) | 2/840 (0.2) | 7/887 (0.8) | <0.001 |
Zygomatic bone fracture—None | 42/47 (89.4) | 838/840 (99.8) | 880/887 (99.2) | |
Temporal bone fracture—Yes | 1/47 (2.1) | 0/840 (0) | 1/887 (0.1) | 0.053 |
Temporal bone fracture—None | 46/47 (97.9) | 840/840 (100) | 886/887 (99.9) |
Ophthalmic Complication | Number (n) | Percentage (%) |
---|---|---|
MILD | ||
Periorbital edema | 18 | 38.29 |
Eyelid laceration | 6 | 7.83 |
Periorbital ecchymosis | 23 | 48.93 |
Subconjunctival hemorrhage | 14 | 29.78 |
MODERATE | ||
Enophthalmos | 2 | 4.25 |
Restriction of eye muscles | 2 | 4.25 |
Diplopia | 2 | 4.25 |
Telecanthus | 1 | 2.12 |
Dystopia | 1 | 2.12 |
Dilated pupil | 1 | 2.12 |
SEVERE | ||
Corneal abrasion | 1 | 2.12 |
Traumatic optical neuropathy | 1 | 2.12 |
Reason for MFCT Shooting | Orbital Involvement | MFT | |
---|---|---|---|
Yes (n: 47) | None (n: 840) | Total (n: 887) | |
n (%) | n (%) | (%) | |
Interpersonal violence/beaten | 21/47 (44.6) | 376/840 (44.7) | (44.7) |
Traffic accident | 17/47 (36.1) | 210/840 (25) | (25.5) |
Fall | 9/47 (19.1) | 197/840 (23.4) | (23.2) |
Work accident | 0 (0) | 32/840 (3.8) | (3.6) |
Hitting | 0 (0) | 25/840 (2.9) | (2.8) |
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Gokharman, F.D.; Kadirhan, O.; Celik Aydin, O.; Yalcin, A.G.; Kosar, P.; Aydin, S. A Comprehensive Look at Maxillofacial Traumas: On the Basis of Orbital Involvement. Diagnostics 2023, 13, 3429. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13223429
Gokharman FD, Kadirhan O, Celik Aydin O, Yalcin AG, Kosar P, Aydin S. A Comprehensive Look at Maxillofacial Traumas: On the Basis of Orbital Involvement. Diagnostics. 2023; 13(22):3429. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13223429
Chicago/Turabian StyleGokharman, Fatma Dilek, Ozlem Kadirhan, Ozlem Celik Aydin, Arzu Gulsah Yalcin, Pınar Kosar, and Sonay Aydin. 2023. "A Comprehensive Look at Maxillofacial Traumas: On the Basis of Orbital Involvement" Diagnostics 13, no. 22: 3429. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13223429