Morphological Parameters in Quadriceps Muscle Were Associated with Clinical Features and Muscle Strength of Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Settings
2.3. Participants
2.4. Variables
2.4.1. Clinical Features
2.4.2. Disease Activity
2.4.3. Muscle Ultrasound (MU)
2.4.4. Muscle Strength Assessment
2.4.5. Physical Function
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
Relationship among Morphological Parameters in the Quadriceps Muscle Assessed by MU and Clinical Features, Muscle Strength and Physical Function
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Demographic | RA Patients (n = 55) |
---|---|
Age (years), mean ± SD | 56.73 ± 9.46 |
Weight (kg), mean ± SD | 70.34 ± 13.46 |
BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 28.31 ± 5.01 |
Disease duration (years), median (IQR) | 10.00 (5.00–19.00) |
Race, (n [%]) | |
Caucasian | 43 [78.2] |
Other | 12 [21.8] |
Positive rheumatoid factor, (n [%]) | 49 [89.1] |
Anti-CCP, (n [%]) | |
Positive | 33/38 tested [86.8] |
Erosions, (n [%]) | 42 [76.4] |
Disease activity (DAS-28—CRP) | |
DAS-28—CRP, mean ± SD | 3.08 ± 1.29 |
Remission (<2.6), (n [%]) | 25 [45.5] |
Low (2.6 to <3.2), (n [%]) | 7 [12.7] |
Moderate (3.2 < 5.1), (n [%]) | 19 [34.5] |
High (>5.1), (n [%]) | 4 [7.3] |
CRP (L/mg), median (IQR) | 6.70 (3.00–13.90) |
Treatment regimen | |
MTX (n [%]) | |
MTX in monotherapy | 27 [49.1] |
MTX with concurrent csDMARDs | 9 [16.4] |
Do not use | 19 [34.5] |
MTX dose (mg/week), median (IQR) | 18.75 (15.00–20.00) |
csDMARDs without MTX, (n [%]) | 12 [21.8] |
bDMARDswith concurrent MTX, (n [%]) | 6 [10.9] |
bDMARDs with concurrent csDMARDs, (n [%]) | 3 [5.5] |
Glucocorticoids, (n [%]) | 19 [34.5] |
Glucocorticoids (mg/day), median (IQR) | 5.00 (5.00–10.00) |
Outcomes | n | |
---|---|---|
Muscle thickness (cm), mean ± SD | ||
Rectus femoris | 55 | 1.23 ± 0.37 |
Vastus intermedius | 55 | 1.18 ± 0.36 |
Vastus lateralis | 55 | 1.61 ± 0.43 |
Pennation angle (°), mean ± SD | ||
Rectus femoris | 55 | 10.18 ± 2.54 |
Vastus intermedius | 55 | 10.07 ± 2.82 |
Vastus lateralis | 55 | 12.74 ± 2.78 |
Handgrip (kg), mean ± SD | 55 | 13.40 ± 9.37 |
<16 kg | 33 | 6.97 ± 5.26 |
≥16 kg | 22 | 23.05 ± 4.59 |
Chair stand, median (IQR), sec. | 32 | 13.92 (11.59–17.88) |
>15 sec. | 13 | 18.36 (15.89–40.88) |
<15 sec. | 19 | 12.03 (10.30–13.80) |
HAQ (score), mean ± SD | 39 | 0.94 ±0.70 |
0–1 score | 24 | 0.49± 0.36 |
>1 score | 15 | 1.64 ± 0.49 |
SPPB (score), mean ± SD | 32 | 9.44 ± 1.83 |
<8 score | 10 | 7.30 ± 0.82 |
>8 score | 22 | 10.41 ± 1.22 |
TUG, median (IQR), sec. | 42 | 8.58 (7.60–9.95) |
Model | Beta | F | R2 | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
RF muscle thickness | 11.262° | 0.398 | <0.001 | |
Age (years) | −0.327 | 0.009 | ||
Disease duration (years) | −0.332 | 0.008 | ||
Handgrip strength (kg) | 0.211 | 0.064 | ||
VI muscle thickness | 4.735° | 0.218 | 0.005 | |
Age (years) | −0.194 | 0.162 | ||
Disease duration (years) | −0.231 | 0.096 | ||
Handgrip strength (kg) | 0.236 | 0.068 | ||
VL muscle thickness | 6.604° | 0.280 | 0.001 | |
Age (years) | −0.273 | 0.043 | ||
Disease duration (years) | −0.226 | 0.090 | ||
Handgrip strength (kg) | 0.247 | 0.047 |
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dos Santos, L.P.; do Espírito Santo, R.C.; Pena, É.; Dória, L.D.; Hax, V.; Brenol, C.V.; Monticielo, O.A.; Chakr, R.M.d.S.; Xavier, R.M. Morphological Parameters in Quadriceps Muscle Were Associated with Clinical Features and Muscle Strength of Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study. Diagnostics 2021, 11, 2014. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11112014
dos Santos LP, do Espírito Santo RC, Pena É, Dória LD, Hax V, Brenol CV, Monticielo OA, Chakr RMdS, Xavier RM. Morphological Parameters in Quadriceps Muscle Were Associated with Clinical Features and Muscle Strength of Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study. Diagnostics. 2021; 11(11):2014. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11112014
Chicago/Turabian Styledos Santos, Leonardo Peterson, Rafaela Cavalheiro do Espírito Santo, Émerson Pena, Lucas Denardi Dória, Vanessa Hax, Claiton Viegas Brenol, Odirlei André Monticielo, Rafael Mendonça da Silva Chakr, and Ricardo Machado Xavier. 2021. "Morphological Parameters in Quadriceps Muscle Were Associated with Clinical Features and Muscle Strength of Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study" Diagnostics 11, no. 11: 2014. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11112014