Spatial Distribution, Adsorption/Release Characteristics, and Environment Influence of Phosphorus on Sediment in Reservoir
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area and Sediment Sampling
2.2. Experiments of PAdsorption/Releasein Sediment
2.3. Samples Detection and Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Results of Field Surveys
3.2. Results of Simulation Experiments
4. Discussion
4.1. Distribution and Fractions of Sediments P in Biliuhe Reservoir
4.2. Adsorption and Release Characteristics of Sediments P in Biliuhe Reservoir
4.3. Environment Influence of Sediment P
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Type | Item | Maximum (mg/kg) | Minimum (mg/kg) | Mean (mg/kg) | Standard Deviation | Coefficient of Variation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Water covered zone (n = 10) | TP | 764.57 | 452.73 | 571.56 | 117.85 | 0.21 |
Fe/Al-P | 455.00 | 173.90 | 277.52 | 82.51 | 0.30 | |
Ca-P | 194.14 | 53.20 | 102.76 | 49.39 | 0.48 | |
IP | 549.73 | 284.40 | 380.28 | 86.66 | 0.23 | |
OP | 336.05 | 135.68 | 191.28 | 57.93 | 0.30 | |
Water-level fluctuating zone (n = 2) | TP | 523.96 | 355.46 | 439.71 | 119.15 | 0.27 |
Fe/Al-P | 219.56 | 112.71 | 166.13 | 75.55 | 0.45 | |
Ca-P | 130.10 | 115.23 | 122.67 | 10.51 | 0.09 | |
IP | 334.79 | 242.81 | 288.80 | 65.04 | 0.23 | |
OP | 189.18 | 112.65 | 150.91 | 54.11 | 0.36 |
TP | Fe/Al-P | Ca-P | IP | OP | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
TP | 1 | 0.778 ** | 0.316 | 0.922 ** | 0.770 ** |
Fe/Al-P | 0.778 ** | 1 | −0.223 | 0.888 ** | 0.320 |
Ca-P | 0.316 | −0.223 | 1 | 0.250 | 0.312 |
IP | 0.922 ** | 0.888 ** | 0.250 | 1 | 0.465 |
OP | 0.770 ** | 0.320 | 0.312 | 0.465 | 1 |
Sampling Site | Equation | Qmax | Kd | R2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1/q = 0.002/C + 0.0015 | 666.67 | 1.333 | 0.970 |
2 | 1/q = 0.0026/C + 0.0014 | 714.28 | 1.857 | 0.981 |
3 | 1/q = 0.0011/C + 0.0014 | 714.29 | 0.786 | 0.960 |
4 | 1/q = 0.002/C + 0.0006 | 1666.67 | 3.333 | 0.959 |
5 | 1/q = 0.0019/C + 0.001 | 1000.00 | 1.900 | 0.986 |
6 | 1/q = 0.0019/C + 0.0009 | 1111.11 | 2.111 | 0.977 |
7 | 1/q = 0.002/C + 0.0003 | 3333.33 | 6.667 | 0.864 |
8 | 1/q = 0.0023/C + 0.0008 | 1250.00 | 2.875 | 0.996 |
9 | 1/q = 0.0004/C + 0.0007 | 1428.57 | 0.571 | 0.985 |
10 | 1/q = 0.001/C + 0.0003 | 3333.33 | 3.333 | 0.949 |
11 | 1/q = 0.0207/C + 0.0014 | 714.29 | 14.786 | 0.960 |
12 | 1/q = 0.0035/C + 0.0008 | 1250.00 | 4.375 | 0.973 |
Sampling Site | Equation | 1/n | R2 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Log(q) = 0.6589Log(C) + 2.3855 | 0.66 | 0.993 |
2 | Log(q) = 0.6707Log(C) + 2.3193 | 0.67 | 0.981 |
3 | Log(q) = 0.3977Log(C) + 2.4667 | 0.40 | 0.888 |
4 | Log(q) = 0.6159Log(C) + 2.5049 | 0.62 | 0.935 |
5 | Log(q) = 0.6821Log(C) + 2.4805 | 0.68 | 0.972 |
6 | Log(q) = 0.7654Log(C) + 2.4433 | 0.77 | 0.935 |
7 | Log(q) = 0.6771Log(C) + 2.5598 | 0.68 | 0.935 |
8 | Log(q) = 0.7439Log(C) + 2.4545 | 0.74 | 0.992 |
9 | Log(q) = 0.5189Log(C) + 2.825 | 0.52 | 0.879 |
10 | Log(q) = 0.5663Log(C) + 2.7532 | 0.57 | 0.872 |
11 | Log(q) = 1.4172Log(C) + 1.6828 | 1.42 | 0.900 |
12 | Log(q) = 0.9388Log(C) + 2.1797 | 0.94 | 0.899 |
Samping Point | Critical Concentration (mg/L) | Sampling Point | Critical Concentration (mg/L) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.2–1.0 | 7 | 0.1–0.2 |
2 | 0.1–0.2 | 8 | 0.2–1.0 |
3 | 0.1–0.2 | 9 | 0–0.1 |
4 | 0.1–0.2 | 10 | 0.1–0.2 |
5 | 0.1–0.2 | 11 | 0.2–1.0 |
6 | 0.2–1.0 | 12 | 0.1–0.2 |
Level/Index | TN (mg/kg) | TP (mg/kg) |
---|---|---|
Security level | - | - |
Lowest level | 550 | 600 |
Serious level | 4800 | 2000 |
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Wang, T.; Liu, J.; Xu, S.; Qin, G.; Sun, Y.; Wang, F. Spatial Distribution, Adsorption/Release Characteristics, and Environment Influence of Phosphorus on Sediment in Reservoir. Water 2017, 9, 724. https://doi.org/10.3390/w9090724
Wang T, Liu J, Xu S, Qin G, Sun Y, Wang F. Spatial Distribution, Adsorption/Release Characteristics, and Environment Influence of Phosphorus on Sediment in Reservoir. Water. 2017; 9(9):724. https://doi.org/10.3390/w9090724
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Tianxiang, Jianwei Liu, Shiguo Xu, Guoshuai Qin, Ya Sun, and Fuqiang Wang. 2017. "Spatial Distribution, Adsorption/Release Characteristics, and Environment Influence of Phosphorus on Sediment in Reservoir" Water 9, no. 9: 724. https://doi.org/10.3390/w9090724