Study on Microstructure and Properties of 12Ag–Cu–Zn–Sn Cadmium-Free Filler Metals with Trace In Addition
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Melting Characteristics of 12Ag–Cu–Zn–Sn–xIn Filler Metals
3.2. Wettability of 12Ag–Cu–Zn–Sn–xIn Filler Metals
3.3. Microstructure of 12Ag–Cu–Zn–Sn–xIn Filler Metals
3.4. Microstructure of the Brazing Joints
3.5. Mechanical Property of Brazed Joints
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- The melting characteristics and wettability of 12Ag–Cu–Zn–Sn–xIn filler metal were improved significantly with appropriate amount of In. Wetting ring was found on the leading edge of the molten brazing alloy on steel plates, which was mainly composed of Ag, In, and Sn.
- (2)
- The network-like structure was found in the alloys with trace In addition, the microstructure of 12Ag–Cu–Zn–Sn–2In filler metal was finer than that of Indium free one. Cu4In and Ag9In4 intermetallic compounds were formed in the matrix of brazing alloy when the content of In reaches 5 wt.%.
- (3)
- The fracture positions of copper/steel brazing joints all occurred on the copper plates. The strength of steel/steel brazing joints presented a parabolic trend with the addition of In, the peak value of 389.4 MPa was achieved using 12Ag–Cu–Zn–Sn–1In.
- (4)
- The fracture micrograph of the joint brazed with 12Ag–Cu–Zn–Sn–1In showed numerous small and uniform dimples, and a step-like structure was observed on the fracture surface when the 12Ag–Cu–Zn–Sn–5In was employed.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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No. | Ag | Cu | Zn | Sn | In | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominal | Actual | |||||
1 | 12 | Bal. | 39.0 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 |
2 | 12 | Bal. | 38.7 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 0.49 |
3 | 12 | Bal. | 38.4 | 1.5 | 1 | 0.97 |
4 | 12 | Bal. | 37.9 | 1.5 | 2 | 2.03 |
5 | 12 | Bal. | 37.4 | 1.5 | 3 | 3.02 |
6 | 12 | Bal. | 36.4 | 1.5 | 5 | 4.96 |
Points | Ag | Cu | Zn | Sn | In | Fe | Cr | Ni |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | 72.6 | 11.3 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 8.4 | 3.5 | 1.6 | 0.5 |
B | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 70.5 | 20.1 | 8.1 |
Points | Ag | Cu | Zn | Sn | In |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | 7.3 | 53.3 | 38.4 | 1.0 | -- |
B | 6.4 | 54.5 | 37.9 | 0.7 | 0.5 |
C | 10.3 | 49.1 | 34.2 | 0.8 | 5.6 |
D | 13.4 | 45.9 | 32.1 | 0.7 | 7.9 |
E | 6.8 | 52.6 | 37.3 | 0.8 | 2.5 |
Points | Ag | Cu | Zn | Sn | In | Fe | Cr | Ni |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | 4.7 | 79.3 | 15.5 | 0.3 | 0.2 | -- | -- | -- |
B | 4.1 | 62.5 | 32.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | -- | -- | -- |
C | 27.3 | 44.4 | 23.3 | 1.8 | 3.2 | -- | -- | -- |
D | 1.8 | 3.2 | 2.7 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 72.3 | 14.2 | 5.2 |
E | 32.5 | 36.0 | 22.2 | 2.2 | 4.0 | 2.5 | 0.6 | -- |
F | 5.1 | 58.7 | 33.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
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Wu, J.; Xue, S.; Yao, Z.; Long, W. Study on Microstructure and Properties of 12Ag–Cu–Zn–Sn Cadmium-Free Filler Metals with Trace In Addition. Crystals 2021, 11, 557. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11050557
Wu J, Xue S, Yao Z, Long W. Study on Microstructure and Properties of 12Ag–Cu–Zn–Sn Cadmium-Free Filler Metals with Trace In Addition. Crystals. 2021; 11(5):557. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11050557
Chicago/Turabian StyleWu, Jie, Songbai Xue, Zhen Yao, and Weimin Long. 2021. "Study on Microstructure and Properties of 12Ag–Cu–Zn–Sn Cadmium-Free Filler Metals with Trace In Addition" Crystals 11, no. 5: 557. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11050557
APA StyleWu, J., Xue, S., Yao, Z., & Long, W. (2021). Study on Microstructure and Properties of 12Ag–Cu–Zn–Sn Cadmium-Free Filler Metals with Trace In Addition. Crystals, 11(5), 557. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11050557