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Infectious Disease Reports
Volume 12
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10.4081/idr.2020.8748
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Infectious Disease Reports is published by MDPI from Volume 12 Issue 3 (2020). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with PAGEPress.
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Article

Leprosy Transmission in Endemic and Non-Endemic Areas Based on the Profile of Antibody Response of PGL-1 and PCR Detection of Mycobacterium leprae DNA from Nasal Swab among Healthy Children of East Java, Indonesia

by
Dinar Adriaty
1,*,
Cita Rosita SP
1,2,
Iswahyudi
1,
Ratna Wahyuni
1,
Indropo Agusni
1,2 and
Shinzo Izumi
1
1
Leprosy Study Group-Institute of Tropical Disease, Surabaya, Indonesia
2
Dermatology and Venereology, Medical Faculty Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Infect. Dis. Rep. 2020, 12(s1), 8748; https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2020.8748
Submission received: 17 February 2020 / Revised: 26 June 2020 / Accepted: 1 July 2020 / Published: 7 July 2020

Abstract

Background: East Java has become one of the provinces that have higher prevalence of leprosy, especially in the coastal region. Environment has also influenced for leprosy transmission and early detection could reduce the incidence rate of new leprosy cases. Epidemiological studies of leprosy in children can give an illustration of the important aspects of the environment. Presence of Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) DNA in nasal swabs and seropositivity level among them can describe M. leprae exposure in that area. Objective: Analyzing PCR from nasal swab and seropositivity level among elementary school children between northern coast and southern coast of East Java province. Methods: Five hundred and thirty children in Pacitan and Lamongan were involved. Both areas are representation of northern and southern coastal region in East Java Province. After clinical examination, nasal swab and blood samples were obtained. ELISA test was performed to measure the titer of IgM anti Phenolic Glicolipid-1 (PGL-1) antibody then continued by PCR to detect M. leprae DNA. Results: From 301 students in Pacitan, 25 students (8.3%) are sero-positives and 9 students (2.9%) are PCR positives. from 229 students in Lamongan, 110 (48.3%) students are sero-positives and 49 students (21.4%) are PCR positives. Both are analyzed by Chi-Square, and from the PCR and ELISA, it concluded that there are statistically significant differences between the two regions. Conclusion: From study above shows that in the northern coast of East Java, incidence of subclinical leprosy is still high, it means that in this area still has a high risk of new cases of leprosy in the future and early detection tools need to performed as a preventative measure.
Keywords: Mycobacterium leprae; DNA; phenolic glycolipid-1; children; Indonesia Mycobacterium leprae; DNA; phenolic glycolipid-1; children; Indonesia

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MDPI and ACS Style

Adriaty, D.; Rosita SP, C.; Iswahyudi; Wahyuni, R.; Agusni, I.; Izumi, S. Leprosy Transmission in Endemic and Non-Endemic Areas Based on the Profile of Antibody Response of PGL-1 and PCR Detection of Mycobacterium leprae DNA from Nasal Swab among Healthy Children of East Java, Indonesia. Infect. Dis. Rep. 2020, 12, 8748. https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2020.8748

AMA Style

Adriaty D, Rosita SP C, Iswahyudi, Wahyuni R, Agusni I, Izumi S. Leprosy Transmission in Endemic and Non-Endemic Areas Based on the Profile of Antibody Response of PGL-1 and PCR Detection of Mycobacterium leprae DNA from Nasal Swab among Healthy Children of East Java, Indonesia. Infectious Disease Reports. 2020; 12(s1):8748. https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2020.8748

Chicago/Turabian Style

Adriaty, Dinar, Cita Rosita SP, Iswahyudi, Ratna Wahyuni, Indropo Agusni, and Shinzo Izumi. 2020. "Leprosy Transmission in Endemic and Non-Endemic Areas Based on the Profile of Antibody Response of PGL-1 and PCR Detection of Mycobacterium leprae DNA from Nasal Swab among Healthy Children of East Java, Indonesia" Infectious Disease Reports 12, no. s1: 8748. https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2020.8748

APA Style

Adriaty, D., Rosita SP, C., Iswahyudi, Wahyuni, R., Agusni, I., & Izumi, S. (2020). Leprosy Transmission in Endemic and Non-Endemic Areas Based on the Profile of Antibody Response of PGL-1 and PCR Detection of Mycobacterium leprae DNA from Nasal Swab among Healthy Children of East Java, Indonesia. Infectious Disease Reports, 12(s1), 8748. https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2020.8748

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