Myeloma Bone Disease: Update on Pathogenesis and Novel Treatment Strategies
1
Department of Internal Medicine, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, University Hospital, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
2
Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pharmaceutics 2018, 10(4), 202; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics10040202
Received: 6 September 2018
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Revised: 15 October 2018
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Accepted: 20 October 2018
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Published: 24 October 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bone Targeted Drug Delivery)
Bone disease, including osteolytic lesions and/or osteoporosis, is a common feature of multiple myeloma (MM). The consequences of skeletal involvement are severe pain, spinal cord compressions, and bone fractures, which have a dramatic impact on patients’ quality of life and, ultimately, survival. During the past few years, several landmark studies significantly enhanced our insight into MM bone disease (MBD) by identifying molecular mechanisms leading to increased bone resorption due to osteoclast activation, and decreased bone formation by osteoblast inhibition. Bisphosphonates were the mainstay to prevent skeletal-related events in MM for almost two decades. Excitingly, the most recent approval of the receptor activator of NF-kappa B ligand (RANKL) inhibitor, denosumab, expanded treatment options for MBD, for patients with compromised renal function, in particular. In addition, several other bone-targeting agents, including bone anabolic drugs, are currently in preclinical and early clinical assessment. This review summarizes our up-to-date knowledge on the pathogenesis of MBD and discusses novel state-of-the-art treatment strategies that are likely to enter clinical practice in the near future.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Vallet, S.; Filzmoser, J.-M.; Pecherstorfer, M.; Podar, K. Myeloma Bone Disease: Update on Pathogenesis and Novel Treatment Strategies. Pharmaceutics 2018, 10, 202. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics10040202
AMA Style
Vallet S, Filzmoser J-M, Pecherstorfer M, Podar K. Myeloma Bone Disease: Update on Pathogenesis and Novel Treatment Strategies. Pharmaceutics. 2018; 10(4):202. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics10040202
Chicago/Turabian StyleVallet, Sonia, Julia-Marie Filzmoser, Martin Pecherstorfer, and Klaus Podar. 2018. "Myeloma Bone Disease: Update on Pathogenesis and Novel Treatment Strategies" Pharmaceutics 10, no. 4: 202. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics10040202
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