Site Index Curves for Young Hybrid Larch Growing on Former Farmland in Sweden
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Site
Variable | Unit | No. localities/plots | Mean | SD | Min. | Max. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stand characteristics | ||||||
Stand size | m2 | 26 | 1197 | 158 | 465 | 2374 |
Height | m | 26 | 14.2 | 5.5 | 7.9 | 28.6 |
Age | years | 26 | 23 | 10 | 17 | 49 |
Diameter | cm | 26 | 16.4 | 7.3 | 6.7 | 33.9 |
Stem number | stems ha−1 | 26 | 993 | 557 | 266 | 2165 |
Basal area | m2 ha−1 | 26 | 18.1 | 9.5 | 4.3 | 35.7 |
Plot characteristics | ||||||
Plot size | m2 | 42 | 753 | 464 | 400 | 2200 |
Height | m | 42 | 14.3 | 3.2 | 8.0 | 27.8 |
Diameter | cm | 42 | 18.4 | 4.1 | 7.6 | 36.4 |
2.2. Soil Sampling
2.3. Construction of Site Index Curves
- where β0, β1 are parameters.
- • A Hossfield-based model proposed by Cieszewski and Bella [39]:where D = β0/Kβ1; R = [(H1 − D)2 + 4 × β0 × H1/A1β1]0.5 K; β0, β1 are parameters.
- • A model derived by Cieszewski [40] (Equation (21)):where P = Z0 × (Z02 + (2 × β1 × H1)/A1β0)0.5; Z0 = H1 − β2 β0; β1, β2 are parameters.
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
Model | Number of difference | Parameters | Parameter estimates | Se | Rmse M | R2 | Me M | Mae M | Mape % | Rmse 1 M | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total age | |||||||||||
1 | 3024 | β0 | −0.0205 | 0.0010 | 1.18 | 0.98 | 0.07 | 0.79 | 12.73 | 1.18 | |
β1 | 1.5520 | 0.0183 | |||||||||
2 | 3024 | β0 | 238.4000 | 6.1271 | 1.22 | 0.98 | −0.03 | 0.83 | 13.46 | 1.22 | |
β1 | 1.4072 | 0.0129 | |||||||||
K | 1.8257 | 0.0456 | |||||||||
3 | 3024 | β0 | 1.7187 | 0.0127 | 0.90 | 0.99 | 0.07 | 0.66 | 10.69 | 0.90 | |
β1 | 4857.4000 | 9.7000 | |||||||||
β2 | 24.9287 | 0.3240 |
MRES for Models | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Age class | Number of observation | 1 | 2 | 3 |
1–10 | 1575 | −0.24 | −0.35 | −0.12 |
11–20 | 1323 | 0.36 | 0.29 | 0.28 |
21–30 | 45 | 0.24 | 0.06 | 0.02 |
31–40 | 27 | 0.65 | 0.57 | −0.21 |
>40 | 54 | 1.73 | 0.91 | 0.60 |
Total | 3024 | 0.07 | −0.03 | 0.07 |
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
Conflict of Interest
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Johansson, T. Site Index Curves for Young Hybrid Larch Growing on Former Farmland in Sweden. Forests 2012, 3, 723-735. https://doi.org/10.3390/f3030723
Johansson T. Site Index Curves for Young Hybrid Larch Growing on Former Farmland in Sweden. Forests. 2012; 3(3):723-735. https://doi.org/10.3390/f3030723
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohansson, Tord. 2012. "Site Index Curves for Young Hybrid Larch Growing on Former Farmland in Sweden" Forests 3, no. 3: 723-735. https://doi.org/10.3390/f3030723