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Volume 16
Issue 8
10.3390/f16081336
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

“Thermophilous” Trees in the Lateglacial Vegetation of the Eastern Baltic: New Questions for an Old Issue

by
Olga Druzhinina
1,*,
Anna Rudinskaya
2,
Lyudmila Lazukova
2,
Ivan Skhodnov
3,
Aleksey Burko
3 and
Kasper van den Berghe
4
1
Faculty of Geography, Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, 191186 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
2
Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119017 Moscow, Russia
3
Baltic Archaeology Research Centre, 236000 Kaliningrad, Russia
4
FindX Research Center, 8031 GJ Zwolle, The Netherlands
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Forests 2025, 16(8), 1336; https://doi.org/10.3390/f16081336 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 19 July 2025 / Revised: 6 August 2025 / Accepted: 15 August 2025 / Published: 16 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pollen-Based Tree Population Dynamics and Climate Reconstruction)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The results of a recent palynological study of the Kulikovo section (southeastern Baltic) allow us to elaborate on issues of the presence of pollen from the “thermophilous” trees (Picea, Alnus, Corylus, Ulmus, Quercus, Tilia, Fraxinus) in Lateglacial sediments. The research shows their continuous presence throughout the interval of 13.9–12.5 ka with a total contribution from 7% to 17%. Comparing the results with regional palynological data revealed certain similarities and patterns, which are not sufficiently explained by contamination by ancient redeposited material. These taxa belonging to the hemiboreal plant group were most probably part of the Lateglacial vegetation along with subpolar and boreal plants. This correlates well with regional paleoclimate reconstructions, assuming that, during the major part of the Lateglacial, July temperatures were comparable to modern average temperatures, which range from +16.5 to +18 °C. Inclusion of hemiboreal tree vegetation in paleoreconstructions will offer an updated picture of the dynamics of the natural environment and increase the accuracy of paleoclimatic reconstructions based on palynological data, allowing us to obtain more accurate temperature values of the climate of the past.
Keywords: “thermophilous trees”; re-deposition; Lateglacial; eastern Baltic region; pollen; paleoclimate “thermophilous trees”; re-deposition; Lateglacial; eastern Baltic region; pollen; paleoclimate

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MDPI and ACS Style

Druzhinina, O.; Rudinskaya, A.; Lazukova, L.; Skhodnov, I.; Burko, A.; van den Berghe, K. “Thermophilous” Trees in the Lateglacial Vegetation of the Eastern Baltic: New Questions for an Old Issue. Forests 2025, 16, 1336. https://doi.org/10.3390/f16081336

AMA Style

Druzhinina O, Rudinskaya A, Lazukova L, Skhodnov I, Burko A, van den Berghe K. “Thermophilous” Trees in the Lateglacial Vegetation of the Eastern Baltic: New Questions for an Old Issue. Forests. 2025; 16(8):1336. https://doi.org/10.3390/f16081336

Chicago/Turabian Style

Druzhinina, Olga, Anna Rudinskaya, Lyudmila Lazukova, Ivan Skhodnov, Aleksey Burko, and Kasper van den Berghe. 2025. "“Thermophilous” Trees in the Lateglacial Vegetation of the Eastern Baltic: New Questions for an Old Issue" Forests 16, no. 8: 1336. https://doi.org/10.3390/f16081336

APA Style

Druzhinina, O., Rudinskaya, A., Lazukova, L., Skhodnov, I., Burko, A., & van den Berghe, K. (2025). “Thermophilous” Trees in the Lateglacial Vegetation of the Eastern Baltic: New Questions for an Old Issue. Forests, 16(8), 1336. https://doi.org/10.3390/f16081336

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