The Relationship between Anxiety Symptoms and Perceived Quality of Life among Caregivers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Amazon
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Type of Study and Localization
2.2. Participants
2.3. Ethical Aspects
2.4. Instruments
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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n (%)/Average (±SD) | |
---|---|
Type of caregivers | |
Mother | 55 (68.7) |
Father | 15 (18.8) |
Grandmother | 10 (12.5) |
Age of children | 6.9 (±2.5) |
Number of siblings with ASD | 1.2 (±0.4) |
Perceived Quality of life | |
Functional capacity | 76.1 (±20.4) |
Limitation due to physical aspects | 38.4 (±30.0) |
Pain | 44.6 (±18.0) |
General health status | 52.9 (±10.1) |
Vitality | 41.8 (±15.0) |
Emotional aspects | 53.9 (±19.4) |
Limitation due to emotional aspects | 40.2 (±36.2) |
Mental health | 57.7 (±16.4) |
Level of anxiety | |
Minimum level | 0 (0.0) |
Light level | 0 (0.0) |
Moderate level | 25 (31.3) |
Severe level | 55 (68.8) |
Total anxiety score | 39.7 (±15.5) |
Perceived Quality of Life | Moderate Level of Anxiety (n = 25) | Severe Level of Anxiety (n = 55) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Average (±DP) | Average (±SD) | ||
Functional capacity | 85.6 (±17.5) | 71.7 (±20.2) | 0.001 |
Limitations due to physical aspects | 48.0 (±35.3) | 34.0 (±26.5) | 0.168 |
Pain | 37.5 (±17.9) | 47.8 (±17.2) | 0.012 |
General health status | 54.0 (±10.5) | 52.4 (±10.0) | 0.258 |
Vitality | 46.4 (±17.8) | 39.7 (±13.2) | 0.149 |
Social aspects | 66.5 (±13.8) | 48.2 (±19.0) | <0.001 |
Limitations due to emotional aspects | 60.2 (±34.7) | 31.1 (±33.3) | 0.001 |
Mental health | 72.3 (±11.3) | 51.0 (±13.8) | <0.001 |
Characteristics of Caregivers | Characteristics of Children with ASD | |
---|---|---|
Age (Years) | Number of Siblings with ASD | |
General anxiety score | ||
ρ2 | 0.187 | −0.033 |
p-value | 0.049 | 0.385 |
General physical component of quality of life | ||
ρ2 | 0.129 | 0.210 |
p-value | 0.128 | 0.031 |
General emotional component of quality of life | ||
ρ2 | 0.056 | 0.211 |
p-value | 0.310 | 0.030 |
Characteristics of caregivers | Perceived quality of life | |
General physical component of quality of life | General emotional component of quality of life | |
General anxiety score | ||
ρ2 | −0.213 | −0.435 |
p-value | 0.029 | <0.001 |
B | IC 95% (Minimum; Maximum) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | |||
General anxiety score | −0.455 | −0.658; −0.255 | <0.001 |
Model 2 | |||
General anxiety score | −0.485 | −0.688; −0.285 | <0.001 |
Child’s age | 0.183 | −0.110; 2.359 | 0.074 |
Model 3 | |||
General anxiety score | −0.471 | −0.671; −0.274 | <0.0001 |
Child’s age | 0.134 | −0.435; 2.079 | 0.197 |
Number of children with ASD | 0.190 | −0.447; 14.824 | 0.065 |
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da Silva, R.V.; de Lima Carvalhal, M.M.; Gomes, D.L. The Relationship between Anxiety Symptoms and Perceived Quality of Life among Caregivers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Amazon. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2024, 21, 545. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21050545
da Silva RV, de Lima Carvalhal MM, Gomes DL. The Relationship between Anxiety Symptoms and Perceived Quality of Life among Caregivers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Amazon. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2024; 21(5):545. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21050545
Chicago/Turabian Styleda Silva, Rayanne Vieira, Manuela Maria de Lima Carvalhal, and Daniela Lopes Gomes. 2024. "The Relationship between Anxiety Symptoms and Perceived Quality of Life among Caregivers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Amazon" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 21, no. 5: 545. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21050545