The Effect of Two Types of Back Pillow Support on Transversus Abdominis and Internal Oblique Muscle Fatigue, Patient Satisfaction, and Discomfort Score during Prolonged Sitting
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ethics Statement
2.2. Study Population Recruitment
2.3. Procedure
2.4. Outcome Measurement
2.4.1. Discomfort Scores
2.4.2. Patients’ Satisfaction
2.4.3. Trunk Muscle Fatigue
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Discomfort Score
3.2. Participants’ Satisfaction
3.3. Trunk Muscle Fatigue
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Frequency (%) | Mean ± SD |
---|---|---|
Age (years) | 40.97 ± 13.77 | |
Gender, n (%)
| 13 (44.33) 17 (56.67) | |
BMI (kilogram/meter2) | 18.1 ± 2.14 | |
Education level | ||
| 14 (46.67) 8 (26.67) 8 (26.67) | |
Smoking
| 6 (20) 24 (80) | |
Underlying disease
| 8 (26.68) 22 (73.33) | |
Exercise status
| 16 (53.33) 14 (46.67) |
Groups | Discomfort Score | p-Value within Group | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | T4 | T7 | ||
Control | 0 (0–0) a,b,* | 1 (0–3) c,* | 3 (1.75–6) | 0.0001 * |
Foam pillow | 0 (0–0) d,e,* | 0 (0–2) f,* | 2 (0–4.25) k,m,* | 0.0001 * |
Rubber pillow | 0 (0–0) g,h,* | 0 (0–1) i,j,* | 0 (0–2.25) l,* | 0.0001 * |
p-value between group | 0.223 | 0.007 * | 0.0001 * |
Groups | Patients’ Satisfaction | p-Value within Group | |
---|---|---|---|
T1 | T7 | ||
Control | 0 (0–0) a*b* | (−2) (−4–0) d*e* | 0.002 * |
Foam pillow | 1 (0–3.25) c* | 2 (0–4) f* | 0.389 |
Rubber pillow | 2.5 (0–4) | 3 (1.75–5) | 0.006 * |
p-value between group | 0.0001 * | 0.0001 * |
Muscle | Groups | Time | p-Value within Group | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T5 | T6 | T7 | |||
TrA & IO (Hz) | Control | 97.61 a* (74.69–127.00) | 94.5 (69.92–119.28) | 93.2 (68.57–112.46) | 91.91 (70.98–142.62) | 88.53 (65.52–130.34) | 87 (64.22–130.34) | 80.8 (67.07–122.65) | 0.038 * |
Foam pillow | 84.5 (72.96–130.99) | 87 (64.16–123.45) | 90.35 (74.88–123.54) | 92.44 (54.44–119.05) | 93.71 (70.33–131.51) | 87.82 (70.27–121.81) | 81.56 (70.56–127.78) | 0.392 | |
Rubber pillow | 106.32 (82.85–142.25) | 97.7 (84.11–132.65) | 89.36 (77.80–111.17) | 84.49 (69.87–130.75) | 86.96 (77.13–131.17) | 84.08 (71.73–128.94) | 82.15 (64.65–128.13) | 0.088 | |
p-value between group | 0.136 | 0.67 | 0.648 | 0.733 | 0.587 | 0.648 | 0.421 |
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Puntumetakul, R.; Chatprem, T.; Saiklang, P.; Leungbootnak, A. The Effect of Two Types of Back Pillow Support on Transversus Abdominis and Internal Oblique Muscle Fatigue, Patient Satisfaction, and Discomfort Score during Prolonged Sitting. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 3742. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043742
Puntumetakul R, Chatprem T, Saiklang P, Leungbootnak A. The Effect of Two Types of Back Pillow Support on Transversus Abdominis and Internal Oblique Muscle Fatigue, Patient Satisfaction, and Discomfort Score during Prolonged Sitting. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(4):3742. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043742
Chicago/Turabian StylePuntumetakul, Rungthip, Thiwaphon Chatprem, Pongsatorn Saiklang, and Arisa Leungbootnak. 2023. "The Effect of Two Types of Back Pillow Support on Transversus Abdominis and Internal Oblique Muscle Fatigue, Patient Satisfaction, and Discomfort Score during Prolonged Sitting" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4: 3742. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043742
APA StylePuntumetakul, R., Chatprem, T., Saiklang, P., & Leungbootnak, A. (2023). The Effect of Two Types of Back Pillow Support on Transversus Abdominis and Internal Oblique Muscle Fatigue, Patient Satisfaction, and Discomfort Score during Prolonged Sitting. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 3742. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043742