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Volume 20
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Article

Discover the Desirable Landscape Structure of Urban Parks for Mitigating Urban Heat: A High Spatial Resolution Study Using a Forest City, Luoyang, China as a Lens

by
Kaihua Zhang
1,†,
Guoliang Yun
2,†,
Peihao Song
1,3,
Kun Wang
1,
Ang Li
1,
Chenyu Du
1,
Xiaoli Jia
1,
Yuan Feng
1,
Meng Wu
1,
Kexin Qu
1,
Xiaoxue Zhu
4 and
Shidong Ge
1,3,*
1
Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
2
College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
3
International Union Laboratory of Landscape Architecture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
4
College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(4), 3155; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043155
Submission received: 13 January 2023 / Revised: 7 February 2023 / Accepted: 9 February 2023 / Published: 10 February 2023
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Abstract

Urban parks can mitigate the urban heat island (UHI) and effectively improve the urban microclimate. In addition, quantifying the park land surface temperature (LST) and its relationship with park characteristics is crucial for guiding park design in practical urban planning. The study’s primary purpose is to investigate the relationship between LST and landscape features in different park categories based on high-resolution data. In this study, we identified the land cover types of 123 parks in Luoyang using WorldView-2 data and selected 26 landscape pattern indicators to quantify the park landscape characteristics. The result shows that the parks can alleviate UHI in most seasons, but some can increase it in winter. While the percentage of bare land, PD, and PAFRAC have a positive impact on LST, AREA_MN has a significant negative impact. However, to deal with the current urban warming trend, a compact, clustered landscape configuration is required. This study provides an understanding of the major factors affecting the mitigation of thermal effects in urban parks (UP) and establishes a practical and feasible urban park renewal method under the idea of climate adaptive design, which provides valuable inspiration for urban park planning and design.
Keywords: urban park green space; land surface temperature; landscape structure; seasonal variations; stepwise regression; luoyang urban park green space; land surface temperature; landscape structure; seasonal variations; stepwise regression; luoyang

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhang, K.; Yun, G.; Song, P.; Wang, K.; Li, A.; Du, C.; Jia, X.; Feng, Y.; Wu, M.; Qu, K.; et al. Discover the Desirable Landscape Structure of Urban Parks for Mitigating Urban Heat: A High Spatial Resolution Study Using a Forest City, Luoyang, China as a Lens. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 3155. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043155

AMA Style

Zhang K, Yun G, Song P, Wang K, Li A, Du C, Jia X, Feng Y, Wu M, Qu K, et al. Discover the Desirable Landscape Structure of Urban Parks for Mitigating Urban Heat: A High Spatial Resolution Study Using a Forest City, Luoyang, China as a Lens. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(4):3155. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043155

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhang, Kaihua, Guoliang Yun, Peihao Song, Kun Wang, Ang Li, Chenyu Du, Xiaoli Jia, Yuan Feng, Meng Wu, Kexin Qu, and et al. 2023. "Discover the Desirable Landscape Structure of Urban Parks for Mitigating Urban Heat: A High Spatial Resolution Study Using a Forest City, Luoyang, China as a Lens" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4: 3155. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043155

APA Style

Zhang, K., Yun, G., Song, P., Wang, K., Li, A., Du, C., Jia, X., Feng, Y., Wu, M., Qu, K., Zhu, X., & Ge, S. (2023). Discover the Desirable Landscape Structure of Urban Parks for Mitigating Urban Heat: A High Spatial Resolution Study Using a Forest City, Luoyang, China as a Lens. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 3155. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043155

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