Give until It Hurts: An Exploratory Analysis of Mental Health Workers’ Wellness
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Current Study
- (1)
- What is the current emotional state of mental health workers?
- (2)
- What elements of mental health workers’ working conditions add to or detract from their mental health?
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Materials
2.2.1. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)
2.2.2. Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7)
2.2.3. Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS)
2.3. Procedures
3. Results
3.1. Qualitative Results
- What are two things you wish were different about your job?
- What are two things you love about your job?
- What prevents you from engaging in self-care activities?
3.2. Quantitative Results
4. Discussion
Limitations and Future Directions
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Participant Characteristics | n | % |
---|---|---|
Gender | 60 | |
Female | 44 | 73% |
Male | 13 | 22% |
Gender diverse | 3 | 5% |
Racial and Ethnic Identity | 60 | |
Asian American | 2 | 3% |
Black | 1 | 2% |
White | 55 | 92% |
White, European Jewish | 1 | 2% |
Hispanic or Latinx | 1 | 2% |
Highest educational level | 60 | |
High School or GED | 1 | 2% |
Some College | 1 | 2% |
Associate Degree | 2 | 4% |
Bachelor’s Degree | 5 | 8% |
Master’s Degree | 12 | 24% |
Doctoral Degree | 22 | 37% |
Professional Degree (e.g., PsyD) | 17 | 34% |
Licensure Status | 60 | |
Currently Licensed | 38 | 63% |
Pursuing Licensure | 14 | 23% |
Not Licensed | 8 | 13% |
Area of Work | 59 | |
Very Rural | 2 | 3% |
Small Town | 11 | 19% |
Suburban Area | 15 | 25% |
Urban Area | 19 | 32% |
Major Metropolitan Area | 12 | 20% |
Themes | Interrater Reliability Score/% Agreement | Sample Quotes |
---|---|---|
Need for more resources | 88 | “More space, more pay.” |
“I wish we were paid more and I wish we had more training in empirically supported treatments prior to seeing clients.” | ||
“...more overall resources available for when patients need a different type of care.” | ||
Need for more support | 68 | “connection [with] more colleagues; less paperwork.” |
“Love my job, more interpersonal opportunities.” | ||
“Work/life balance...” | ||
“More inclusive language used among providers...” |
Themes | Interrater Reliability Score/% Agreement | Sample Quotes |
---|---|---|
Relationships with colleagues | 100 | “Experienced coworkers and excellent supervision.” |
“Helpful, thoughtful, and caring coworkers and supervisors.” | ||
Enjoying work with clients | 93 | “Working with patients in general brings me so much joy.” |
“[D]irect client contact, participating in clients’ growth and healing.” | ||
Worker independence | 86 | “Being my own boss/autonomy...” |
“I like the flexibility of remote work.” | ||
Upholding personal values | 74 | “It provides an opportunity to help people in need...” |
“Making a difference.” | ||
Mental challenge and advancement | 69 | “I get to continuously learn.” |
“...intellectual stimulation via interesting and challenging cases.” |
Themes | Interrater Reliability Score/% Agreement | Sample Quotes |
---|---|---|
Internal factors | 89 | “Feeling overwhelmed, stressed, and burnt out.” |
“Prioritizing sleep (which is also self-care, but I would like more time to be social and work out). | ||
External factors | 89 | “[L]onger hours/prioritizing work over self-care.” |
“Balancing work stress and then going home.” | ||
“Understaffing.” | ||
“Inversing (mandatory overtime), life situations.” | ||
Time | 84 | “Lack of time...” |
Questions | Job Titles | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Themes | Mental Health Workers * | Graduate Students and Researchers | Clinical Psychologists | |||
n = 21 | n = 17 | n = 20 | ||||
f | % | f | % | f | % | |
What are two things you wish were different about your job? | ||||||
Need for more resources | 4 | 19% | 12 | 71% | 11 | 55% |
Need for more support | 9 | 43% | 11 | 65% | 13 | 65% |
What are two things you love about your job? | ||||||
Enjoying work with clients | 6 | 29% | 8 | 47% | 10 | 50% |
Relationships with colleagues | 7 | 33% | 8 | 47% | 7 | 35% |
Worker independence | 3 | 14% | 3 | 18% | 7 | 35% |
Upholding personal values | 9 | 43% | 5 | 29% | 2 | 10% |
Mental challenge and advancement | 2 | 10% | 3 | 18% | 4 | 20% |
What prevents you from engaging in self-care activities? | ||||||
Internal factors | 3 | 14% | 10 | 59% | 7 | 35% |
External factors | 6 | 29% | 5 | 29% | 5 | 25% |
Time | 10 | 48% | 9 | 53% | 5 | 0.25 |
Measure | n | Minimum | Median | Maximum | Mode | Mean | SD |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MSPSS | |||||||
Total | 55 | 1.75 | 5.87 | 7 | 7 | 5.8 | 1.00 |
Significant Others | 55 | 1.75 | 6.63 | 7 | 7 | 6.07 | 1.16 |
Family | 55 | 1 | 5.5 | 7 | 5.5 | 5.46 | 1.29 |
Friends | 55 | 1.38 | 5.88 | 7 | 7 | 5.88 | 1.11 |
GAD-7 | 55 | 7 | 10 | 28 | 10 | 12.4 | 4.9 |
PHQ-9 | 55 | 9 | 13 | 36 | 10 | 14.05 | 5.7 |
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Olson, M.G.; Pyles, K.M.; Nadorff, D.K. Give until It Hurts: An Exploratory Analysis of Mental Health Workers’ Wellness. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 6925. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20206925
Olson MG, Pyles KM, Nadorff DK. Give until It Hurts: An Exploratory Analysis of Mental Health Workers’ Wellness. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(20):6925. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20206925
Chicago/Turabian StyleOlson, Marin G., Karly M. Pyles, and Danielle Kristen Nadorff. 2023. "Give until It Hurts: An Exploratory Analysis of Mental Health Workers’ Wellness" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 20: 6925. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20206925