Lead Accumulation by Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) Grown on a Lead-Contaminated Soil
Abstract
:Introduction
Materials and Methods
Plant Culture and Experimental Design
Metal Extraction and Analyses
Statistical Analysis
Results
Discussion
Treatment Lead (mg Pb/kg) | EDTA (mmol/kg) | Biomass (mg/plant) | |
---|---|---|---|
Root±SEM | Shoot±SEM | ||
0 | 0 | 130.3ab ±4.8 | 269.8a ± 15.7 |
0 | 5 Pre-harvest | 132.8a ± 8.4 | 245.8ab ± 13.3 |
1000 | 0 | 121.8a ± 2.5 | 249.8ab ± 18.2 |
1000 | 5 Pre-harvest | 105.0c ± 12.2 | 236.8ab ± 8.4 |
1000 | 5* Pre-harvest | 100.5c ± 8.5 | 243.8ab ± 12.2 |
2000 | 0 | 116.0abc ± 6.4 | 228.8b ± 13.3 |
2000 | 5 Pre-harvest | 109.3bc ± 9.6 | 219.8b ± 14.7 |
2000 | 5 *Pre-harvest | 107.3c ± 4.8 | 225.5b ± 6.7 |
Treatment Lead (mg Pb/kg) | EDTA (mmol/kg) | Translocation index(%) ± SEM |
---|---|---|
0 | 0 | 0.0 e ± 0.0 |
0 | 5 Pre-harvest | 0.0 e ± 0.0 |
1000 | 0 | 3.3 e ± 0.4 |
1000 | 5 Pre-harvest | 69.8 b ± 3.0 |
1000 | 5* Pre-harvest | 75.6 a ± 3.0 |
2000 | 0 | 11.4 d ± 2.0 |
2000 | 5 Pre-harvest | 61.1 c ± 1.5 |
2000 | 5 *Pre-harvest | 70.9 ab ± 1.7 |
Acknowledgments
References
- Lantzy, R. J.; Mackenzie, F. T. Atmospheric trace metals: Global cycles and assessment of man’s impact. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1979, 43, 511–525. [Google Scholar]
- Nriagu, J. O. Global inventory of natural and anthropogenic emissions of trace metals to the atmosphere. Nature 1979, 279, 409–411. [Google Scholar]
- Body, P. E.; Dolan, P. R.; Mulcahy, D. E. Environmental lead-A review. Crit. Rev. Environ. Control 1991, 20, 299–310. [Google Scholar]
- Forstner, U. Land contamination by metals: global scope and magnitude of problem. Allen, H. E., Huang, C. P., Bailey, G. W., Bowers, A. R., Eds.; In Metal speciation and contamination of soil; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp. 1–33. [Google Scholar]
- Ensley, B. D. Rationale for use of phytoremediation. Raskin, I., Ensley, B.D., Eds.; In Phytoremediation of toxic metals: Using plants to clean up the environment; John Wiley & Sons Inc: New York, NY, 2000; pp. 1–14. [Google Scholar]
- Moffat, A. S. Plants proving their worth in toxic metal cleanup. Science 1995, 269, 302–303. [Google Scholar]
- Glass, D. J. Economic potential of phytoremediation. Raskin, I., Ensley, B. D., Eds.; In Phytoremediation of toxic metals: Using plants to clean up the environment; John Wiley & Sons Inc: New York, 2000; pp. 15–30. [Google Scholar]
- McGrath, S. P.; Sidoli, C. M. D.; Baker, A. J. M.; Reeves, R. D. The potential for the use of metal-accumulating plants for the in situ decontamination of metal-polluted soils. Eijsacker, H.J.P., Hamers, T., Eds.; In Integrated soil sediment research: A basis for proper protection; Kluwer Academic Publ: Dordrecht, Netherlands, 1993; pp. 673–677. [Google Scholar]
- Raskin, I.; Kumar, P. B. A. N.; Dushenkov, V.; Salt, D. E. Bioconcentration of heavy metals by plants. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol 1994, 5, 285–290. [Google Scholar]
- Chaney, R. L.; Malik, M.; Li, Y. M.; Brown, S. L.; Brewer, E. P.; Angle, J. S.; Baker, A. J. M. Phytoremediation of soil metals. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol 1997, 8, 279–284. [Google Scholar]
- Salt, D. E.; Blaylock, M.; Kumar, P. B. A. N.; Dushenkov, V.; Ensley, B. D.; Chet, I.; Raskin, I. Phytoremediation: a novel strategy for the removal of metals from the environment using plants. Biotechnology 1995, 13, 468–474. [Google Scholar]
- Salt, D. E.; Smith, R. D.; Raskin, I. Phytoremediation. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol 1998, 49, 643–668. [Google Scholar]
- Shen, Z. G.; Zhao, F. J.; McGrath, S. P. Uptake and transport of zinc in the hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens and the nonhyperaccumulator Thlaspi ochroleucum. Plant Cell Environ 1997, 20, 898–906. [Google Scholar]
- Ghosh, S.; Rhyne, C. Influence of EDTA on Pb uptake in two weed species, Sesbania and Ipomoea, in hydroponic culture. J. Mississippi Acad. Sci 1999, 44, 11. [Google Scholar]
- Kinniburgh, D. G.; Jackson, M. L.; Syers, J. K. Adsorption of alkaline-earth, transition, and heavy-metal cations by hydrous oxide gels of iron and aluminum. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J 1976, 40, 796–799. [Google Scholar]
- McBride, M. B. Environmental chemistry of soils; Oxford University Press: New York, 1994. [Google Scholar]
- Jorgensen, S. E. Removal of heavy metals from compost and soil by ecotechnological methods. Ecol. Eng 1993, 2, 89–100. [Google Scholar]
- Blaylock, M. J.; Salt, D. E.; Dushenkov, S.; Zakharova, O.; Gussman, C.; Kapulnik, Y.; Ensley, B. D.; Raskin, I. Enhanced accumulation of Pb in Indian mustard by soil-applied chelating agents. Environ. Sci. Technol 1997, 31, 860–865. [Google Scholar]
- Huang, J. W.; Chen, J.; Berti, W. R.; Cunningham, S. D. Phytoremediation of lead contaminated soils: Role of synthetic chelates in lead phytoextraction. Environ. Sci. Technol 1997, 31, 800–805. [Google Scholar]
- Ebbs, S. D.; Kochian, L. V. Phytoextraction of zinc by oat (Avena sativa), barley (Hordeum vulgare) and Indian mustard (Brassica juncea). Environ. Sci. Technol 1998, 32, 802–806. [Google Scholar]
- Vassil, A. D.; Kapulnik, Y.; Raskin, I.; Salt, D. E. The role of EDTA in lead transport and accumulation by Indian mustard. Plant Physiol 1998, 117, 447–453. [Google Scholar]
- Wu, J.; Hsu, F. C.; Cunningham, S. D. Chelate-assisted Pb phytoextraction: Pb availability, uptake, and translocation constraints. Environ. Sci. Technol 1999, 33, 1898–1905. [Google Scholar]
- Begonia, G. B.; Begonia, M. F. T.; Miller, G. S.; Kambhampati, M. S. Phytoremediation of metal-contaminated soils: Jackson State University research initiatives. Centeno, J. A., Collery, P., Vernet, G., Finkelman, R. B., Gibb, H., Etienne, J. C., Eds.; In Metal Ions in Biology and Medicine; 2000; Volume 6, pp. 682–684. [Google Scholar]
- Kayser, A.; Wenger, K.; Keller, A.; Attinger, W.; Felix, H. R.; Gupta, S. K.; Schulin, R. Enhancement of phytoextraction of Zn, Cd, and Cu from calcareous soil: The use of NTA and sulfur amendments. Environ. Sci. Technol 2000, 34, 1778–1783. [Google Scholar]
- Begonia, M. F. T.; Begonia, G. B.; Butler, A.; Burrell, M.; Ighoavodha, O.; Crudup, B. Chelate-assisted phytoextraction of lead from a contaminated soil using wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol 2002a, 68, 705–711. [Google Scholar]
- Begonia, G. B.; Miller, G. S.; Begonia, M. F. T.; Burks, C. Chelate-enhanced phytoextraction of lead-contaminated soils using coffeeweed (Sesbania exaltata Raf.). Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol 2002b, 69(5), 624–631. [Google Scholar]
- Begonia, M. T.; Begonia, G. B.; Butler, A. D.; Griffin, U.; Young, C. Chemically-enhanced phytoextraction of cadmium-contaminated soils using wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol 2003, 71(3), 648–654. [Google Scholar]
- Begonia, M. F. T.; Begonia, G. B.; Ighoavodha, M.; Okuyiga-Ezem, O.; Crudup, B. Chelate-induced phytoextraction of lead from contaminated soils using tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea). J. Mississippi Acad. Sci 2001, 46(1), 15. [Google Scholar]
- Tessier, A.; Campbell, P. G. C.; Bisson, M. Sequential extraction procedure for the speciation of particulate trace-metals. Anal. Chem 1979, 51, 844–851. [Google Scholar]
- Begonia, G. Comparative lead uptake and responses of some plants grown on lead-contaminated soils. J. Mississippi Acad. Sci 1997, 42(2), 101–106. [Google Scholar]
- Begonia, G. B.; Davis, C. D.; Begonia, M. F. T.; Gray, C. N. Growth responses of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.)Czern] and its phytoextraction of lead from a contaminated soil. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol 1998, 61(1), 38–43. [Google Scholar]
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Test methods for evaluating solid wastes; EPA SW-846; EPA: Washington, D.C, 1990.
- Athalye, V. V.; Ramachandran, V.; D’Souza, T. J. Influence of chelating agents on plant uptake of 51Cr, 210Pb and 210Po. Environ. Pollut 1995, 89, 47–53. [Google Scholar]
- Cunningham, S. D.; Ow, W. D. Promises and prospects of phytoremediation. Plant Physiol 1996, 110, 715–719. [Google Scholar]
- Marschner, H. Mineral nutrition of higher plants; Academic Press: San Diego, CA, 1995. [Google Scholar]
- Dushenkov, V.; Kumar, P. B. A. N.; Motto, H.; Raskin, I. Rhizofiltration: The use of plants to remove heavy metals from aqueous streams. Environ. Sci. Technol 1995, 29, 1239–1245. [Google Scholar]
- Kumar, P. B. A. N.; Dushenkov, V.; Motto, H.; Raskin, I. Phytoextraction: The use of plants to remove heavy metals from soils. Environ. Sci. Technol 1995, 29, 1232–1238. [Google Scholar]
- Lombi, E.; Zhao, F. J.; Dunham, S. J.; McGrath, S. P. Phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils: Natural hyperaccumulation versus chemically enhanced phytoextraction. J. Environ. Qual 2001, 30, 1919–1926. [Google Scholar]
- Lasat, M. M. Phytoextraction of toxic metals: A review of biological mechanisms. J Environ. Qual 2002, 31, 109–120. [Google Scholar]
- Bridges, E. M. World soils; University Press: Cambridge, 1970. [Google Scholar]
- Begonia, M. T.; Begonia, G. B.; Miller, G. S.; Gilliard, D. Effects of chelate application time on the phytoextraction of lead-contaminated soils. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol 2004, 73(6), 1033–1040. [Google Scholar]
© 2005 MDPI. All rights reserved.
Share and Cite
Begonia, M.T.; Begonia, G.B.; Ighoavodha, M.; Gilliard, D. Lead Accumulation by Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) Grown on a Lead-Contaminated Soil. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2005, 2, 228-233. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph2005020005
Begonia MT, Begonia GB, Ighoavodha M, Gilliard D. Lead Accumulation by Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) Grown on a Lead-Contaminated Soil. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2005; 2(2):228-233. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph2005020005
Chicago/Turabian StyleBegonia, M. T., G. B. Begonia, M. Ighoavodha, and D. Gilliard. 2005. "Lead Accumulation by Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) Grown on a Lead-Contaminated Soil" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2, no. 2: 228-233. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph2005020005