Enumeration of the Public Health Workforce in New York State: Workforce Changes in the Wake of COVID-19
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Participants
3.2. Workforce Size, Type and Composition
3.3. Changes over Time
3.4. Workforce Vacancies
3.5. RecruitmentChallenges
4. Discussion
4.1. Sufficient Number of Staff
4.2. Composition of Staff
4.3. Applicability, Strengths, and Limitations of the Survey
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
References
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LHDs in NYS | NACCHO 2019 Survey Participants | NYSACHO 2021 Survey Participants | |
---|---|---|---|
Size of Population Served | |||
NYC (>2 million) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Extra Large (500,000–2 million) | 5 | 3 | 3 |
Large (250,000–499,999) | 8 | 5 | 8 |
Medium (75,001–249,999) | 18 | 13 | 17 |
Small (<75,000) | 26 | 15 | 23 |
Service Level | |||
Full Service LHDs | 36 | 24 | 32 |
Partial Service LHDs | 22 | 13 | 20 |
Urbanicity | |||
NYC | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Urban/Suburban (w/o NYC) | 25 | 16 | 22 |
Rural | 32 | 20 | 29 |
Region | |||
Capital Region | 8 | 5 | 8 |
Central New York | 5 | 5 | 5 |
Finger Lakes | 9 | 7 | 7 |
Long Island | 2 | 1 | 1 |
Mid-Hudson | 7 | 3 | 6 |
Mohawk Valley | 6 | 3 | 5 |
New York City | 1 | 1 | 1 |
North Country | 7 | 5 | 7 |
Southern Tier | 8 | 4 | 7 |
Western New York | 5 | 3 | 5 |
Full Time | Part Time | Contractual | Seasonal | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | 138.1 (6–4092) | 26.1 (0–1211) | 35.6 (0–1666) | 1.5 (0–38) |
Size of Population Served | ||||
NYC (>2 million) | 4091.9 | 1210.6 | 1666.0 | 0 |
Extra Large (500,000–2 million) | 338.7 (210–585) | 25.0 (1–65) | 69.7 (0–209) | 0.0 (0–0) |
Large (200,000–499,999) | 101.2 (30–163) | 4.6 (0–13) | 0.4 (0–1) | 6.2 (0–38) |
Medium (75,001–199,999) | 45.8 (10–89) | 2.7 (0–18) | 1.2 (0–8) | 1.2 (0–21) |
Small (<75,000) | 22.8 (6–87) | 3.6 (0–40) | 0.9 (0–5) | 0.5 (0–10) |
Urbanicity | ||||
Urban/Suburban (excl. NYC) | 125.8 (16–585) | 8.3 (0–65) | 14.6 (0–209) | 2.9 (0–38) |
Rural | 25.3 (6–87) | 3.1 (0–40) | 1.2 (0–8) | 0.4 (0–10) |
NACCHO 2019 | NYSACHO 2021 | Difference | % Change | n | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | |||||
All Respondents | 8960 | 9111 | 151 | 2% | 34 |
Size of Population Served | |||||
NYC (>2 million) | 6956 | 6968 | 12 | 0% | 1 |
Extra Large (500,000–2 million) | 265 | 484 | 219 | 83% | 1 |
Large (200,000–499,999) | 721 | 561 | −160 | −22% | 5 |
Medium (75,001–199,999) | 612 | 643 | 31 | 5% | 13 |
Small (<75,000) | 407 | 455 | 49 | 12% | 14 |
Employee Type | NACCHO 2019 | NYSACHO 2021 | Difference | % Change |
---|---|---|---|---|
Full Time | 6428.0 | 4751.0 | −1677.4 | −26% |
Part Time | 1347.6 | 1225.0 | −123.0 | −9% |
Contractual | 13.7 | 1686.0 | 1672.8 | 12,210% |
Seasonal | 58.4 | 32.0 | −26.4 | −45% |
Budgeted | Vacant | Vacancy Rate | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population | n | 2019 | 2021 | Change | 2019 | 2021 | Change | 2019 | 2021 | Change |
All Respondents | 34 | 10,198.00 | 11,318.40 | 1120.40 | 1237.60 | 2207.10 | 969.5 | 12.10% | 19.50% | 7.40% |
NYC (>2 million) | 1 | 8110.00 | 8893.10 | 783.1 | 1154.00 | 1924.70 | 770.7 | 14.20% | 21.60% | 7.40% |
Extra Large (500,000–2 million) | 1 | 281 | 520 | 239 | 16 | 36 | 20 | 5.70% | 6.90% | 1.20% |
Large (200,000–499,999) | 5 | 755.5 | 678 | −77.5 | 34.5 | 117 | 82.5 | 4.60% | 17.30% | 12.70% |
Medium (75,001–199,999) | 13 | 631.7 | 712.2 | 80.5 | 19.9 | 69.5 | 49.6 | 3.20% | 9.80% | 6.60% |
Small (<75,000) | 14 | 419.8 | 515.1 | 95.3 | 13.2 | 59.9 | 46.7 | 3.10% | 11.60% | 8.50% |
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Michaels, I.; Pirani, S.; Fleming, M.; Arana, M.M.; D’Angelo, E.; Dyer-Drobnack, C.; DiManno, M.; Ravenhall, S.; Gloria, C.T. Enumeration of the Public Health Workforce in New York State: Workforce Changes in the Wake of COVID-19. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 13592. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013592
Michaels I, Pirani S, Fleming M, Arana MM, D’Angelo E, Dyer-Drobnack C, DiManno M, Ravenhall S, Gloria CT. Enumeration of the Public Health Workforce in New York State: Workforce Changes in the Wake of COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(20):13592. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013592
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichaels, Isaac, Sylvia Pirani, Molly Fleming, Mayela M. Arana, Emily D’Angelo, Cristina Dyer-Drobnack, Margaret DiManno, Sarah Ravenhall, and Christian T. Gloria. 2022. "Enumeration of the Public Health Workforce in New York State: Workforce Changes in the Wake of COVID-19" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 20: 13592. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013592