Occupational Difference in Oral Health Status and Behaviors in Japanese Workers: A Literature Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Eligibility Criteria
2.2. Information Source and Searches
3. Results
3.1. Characteristics of Individual Studies
3.2. Occupation and Dental Caries
3.3. Occupation and Periodontal Disease
3.4. Occupation and Tooth Loss
3.5. Occupation and Oral Health Behavior
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Reference No. | Author’s Name (Year of Publication) | Study Design | Exposure | Outcome | Number of Participants | Covariates | Main Results |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dental caries | |||||||
[12] | Ishizuka et al. (2016) | Cross- sectional | Daytime-only and night shift | Self-reported number of teeth present, reason for tooth loss, presence of untreated tooth | 325 daytime workers and 351 night shift workers aged 30 to 69 | Work schedule, age, household income, years of service, hypertension, smoking, habit, BMI, and daily brushing frequency | Tooth decay in night shift male worker (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.20–2.67) from a multiple logistic regression analysis |
[13] | Yoshino et al. (2017) | Cross- sectional | Over time work (0, over 0 to 45 h, over 45 to 80 h, over 80 h) | Self-reported untreated decayed teeth | 951 male financial workers aged 25 to 64 | Age, equivalent household income, educational background, overtime hours per month, brushing two times or more per day, eating between meals, having a regular dental clinic, interpersonal relationships in the workplace, and smoking habit | Tooth decay in 45–80 h of overtime work (OR, 2.56; 95% CI, 1.25–5.33) or over 80 h overtime work (OR, 3.01; 95% CI, 1.13–5.33) from a multiple logistic regression analysis |
[14] | Ishizuka et al. (2019) | Cross- sectional | Self-reported questionnaire on the status of their own oral health | Self-reported untreated decayed teeth | 142 male sales workers aged 30 to 49 | Age, annual household income, eating between meals, night shift, and visiting a dental clinic in the past 6 months | Untreated tooth decay in working the night shift (OR, 3.492; 95% CI, 1.347–8.725) and visiting a dental clinic in the past 6 months (OR, 0.084; 95% CI, 0.010–0.733) from a multiple logistic regression analysis |
[15] | Harada et al. (2018) | Cross- sectional | Occupational status (professionals and managers, clerical and related workers, service and salespersons, agricultural, forestry, and fishery workers, and homemakers and unemployed) | Presence of untreated decayed teeth | 1342 workers (990 males and 352 females) aged 40 to 64 | Gender, age, smoking status, and habit of eating sweets/drinking sweet drinks, BMI | Presence of untreated caries in female professionals and managers (OR, 3.51; 95% CI, 1.04–11.87) and service and salespersons (OR, 5.29; 95% CI, 1.39–20.11) from a multiple logistic regression analysis |
Periodontal disease | |||||||
[9] | Irie et al. (2017) | Prospective Cohort | Occupational status (professional, managers, office workers, skilled workers, sales persons, service occupations, drivers) | Community Periodontal Index (a tooth scoring 3 or 4 indicates presence of periodontal disease) | 3390 workers (2848 male and 542 female) aged 20 or over | Age, BMI, diabetes, smoking status, drinking status | CPI score of 4 in skilled workers (RR, 2.52; 95% CI, 1.15–5.54), sales persons (RR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.04–5.48), and drivers (RR, 2.74; 95% CI, 1.10–6.79) compared with professional from a Poisson regression analysis |
[16] | Morita et al. (2007) | Cross- sectional | Occupational status (professional, managers, office workers, skilled workers, sales persons, service occupations, drivers) | Community Periodontal Index (a tooth scoring 3 or 4 indicates presence of periodontal disease) | 15803 male workers aged 20 to 69 | Age, diabetes, smoking status | CPI score 4 in drivers (OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.66–2.54), service occupations (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.19–1.96) and salespersons (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.26–1.78) compared with professional from a multivariate logistic regression analysis |
[11] | Zaitsu et al. (2017) | Cross- sectional | Industrial category, number of employees, job category, work schedule, and oral health behaviors | Decayed teeth, tooth loss and periodontal disease (CPI code 0–2 or 3–4), | 1078 workers (808 male and 270 female) aged 19 to 70 | Age, sex | Periodontal disease in company with fewer than 50 employees (OR, 15.56; 95% CI, 3.40–71.23) compared with 300 employees or more from a multiple logistic regression |
Tooth loss | |||||||
[17] | Suzuki et al. (2016) | Cross- sectional | Occupational status (professional drivers and white collar workers) | Self-reported number of present teeth | 592 professional drivers and 328 white collar male workers aged 30 to 69 | Age, annual family income, working hours, shift work, duration of employment and night shift | Tooth loss in professional drivers (OR, 1.740; 95% CI, 1.150–2.625) compared with white collar workers from a multiple logistic regression analysis |
[10] | Yamamoto et al. (2014) | Cross- sectional | Longest job (professional/technical, administrative, clerical, sales/service, skilled/labor, agriculture/forestry/fishery, others, no occupation) | Self-reported number of teeth, denture/bridge use, subjective oral health status and oral health behavior | 23,191 subjects (11,310 males and 11,881 females) aged 65 or older | Age, educational attainment, equivalent income, densities of dentists and population | Having 19 or less teeth in agriculture/forestry/fishery workers (PR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.06–1.26) compared with professional/technical from a multilevel Poisson regression analysis |
Oral health behavior | |||||||
[18] | Suzuki et al. (2017) | Retrospective cohort | Self-reported associated with working environment | Regular dental appointment adherence rate | 488 subjects (192 males and 296 females) aged 40 to 65 | Age, sex and employment format | Regular dental attendance in night shift worker (OR, 0.220; 95% CI, 0.088–0.550) from a multiple logistic regression analysis |
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Irie, K.; Tsuneishi, M.; Saijo, M.; Suzuki, C.; Yamamoto, T. Occupational Difference in Oral Health Status and Behaviors in Japanese Workers: A Literature Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 8081. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19138081
Irie K, Tsuneishi M, Saijo M, Suzuki C, Yamamoto T. Occupational Difference in Oral Health Status and Behaviors in Japanese Workers: A Literature Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(13):8081. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19138081
Chicago/Turabian StyleIrie, Koichiro, Midori Tsuneishi, Mitsumasa Saijo, Chiaki Suzuki, and Tatsuo Yamamoto. 2022. "Occupational Difference in Oral Health Status and Behaviors in Japanese Workers: A Literature Review" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 13: 8081. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19138081
APA StyleIrie, K., Tsuneishi, M., Saijo, M., Suzuki, C., & Yamamoto, T. (2022). Occupational Difference in Oral Health Status and Behaviors in Japanese Workers: A Literature Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(13), 8081. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19138081