Factors Influencing the Size of a Non-Traumatic Full-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tear: Focusing on Socioeconomic Factors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Variables
2.3. Statistical Analyses
2.4. Ethical Considerations
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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N | % | ||
---|---|---|---|
Total | 659 | 100.0 | |
Sex | Female | 290 | 44.0 |
Male | 369 | 56.0 | |
Age 1 (years) | 63.0 ± 8.0 (36–87, 63, 12) | ||
Age group (years) | 30–49 | 21 | 3.2 |
50–69 | 491 | 74.5 | |
≥70 | 147 | 22.3 | |
Occupation | Non-manual | 410 | 62.2 |
Manual | 249 | 37.8 | |
Education | ≤Middle school | 352 | 53.4 |
≥High school | 307 | 46.6 | |
Area of residence | Urban | 437 | 66.3 |
Rural | 222 | 33.7 | |
Insurance type | National Health Insurance (NHI) | 630 | 95.6 |
Medicaid | 29 | 4.4 | |
Obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) | No | 348 | 52.8 |
Yes | 311 | 47.2 | |
Diabetes | No | 555 | 84.2 |
Yes | 104 | 15.8 | |
Symptom duration 1 (year) | 1.7 ± 1.8 (1–10, 1, 1) | ||
Tear size 1 (mm) | 25.4 ± 13.1 (5–64, 22, 21) |
Mean | Median | SD 2 | IQR 2 | p-Value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | Female | 25.5 | 22.8 | 13.2 | 21.0 | 0.864 |
Male | 25.3 | 21.0 | 13.1 | 21.0 | ||
Age group (years) | 30–49 | 14.8 | 13.0 | 7.5 | 8.0 | <0.001 |
50–69 | 25.1 | 21.0 | 13.3 | 20.0 | ||
≥70 | 28.0 | 29.0 | 12.5 | 24.0 | ||
Occupation | Non-manual | 24.0 | 20.0 | 12.8 | 20.0 | <0.001 |
Manual | 27.7 | 26.0 | 13.4 | 23.0 | ||
Education | ≤Middle school | 27.1 | 25.0 | 13.1 | 23.0 | <0.001 |
≥High school | 23.5 | 20.0 | 12.9 | 19.0 | ||
Area of residence | Urban | 24.7 | 21.0 | 12.6 | 20.0 | 0.042 |
Rural | 26.9 | 24.0 | 14.1 | 25.0 | ||
Insurance type | NHI | 25.1 | 21.0 | 13.1 | 21.0 | 0.007 |
Medicaid | 31.8 | 36.0 | 13.0 | 20.0 | ||
Obesity | No | 25.2 | 22.0 | 13.0 | 22.0 | 0.649 |
Yes | 25.6 | 22.0 | 13.3 | 21.0 | ||
Diabetes | No | 25.4 | 21.0 | 13.4 | 22.0 | 0.910 |
Yes | 25.5 | 25.0 | 12.0 | 19.5 | ||
Symptom duration 3 | 1.96 (0.39–1.53) | 0.001 |
Coefficient | (95% CI) 1 | p-Value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | Female | Reference | ||
Male | −0.25 | (−2.39–1.88) | 0.815 | |
Age group (years) | 30–49 | Reference | ||
50–69 | 8.38 | (2.65–14.11) | 0.004 | |
≥70 | 9.95 | (3.78–16.13) | 0.002 | |
Occupation | Non-manual | Reference | ||
Manual | 2.73 | (0.89–4.90) | 0.013 | |
Education | ≥High school | Reference | ||
≤Middle school | 2.00 | (−0.16–4.16) | 0.070 | |
Area of residence | Urban | Reference | ||
Rural | 2.12 | (0.03–4.22) | 0.047 | |
Insurance type | NHI | Reference | ||
Medicaid | 4.42 | (−0.55–9.4) | 0.081 | |
Obesity | No | Reference | ||
Yes | 1.04 | (−0.94–3.01) | 0.302 | |
Diabetes | No | Reference | ||
Yes | −1.29 | (−4.03–1.44) | 0.354 | |
Symptom duration | 0.74 | (0.16–1.31) | 0.012 |
Rural | Urban | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coefficient | (95% CI) 1 | p-Value | Coefficient | (95% CI) 1 | p-Value | ||
Sex | Female | Reference | Reference | ||||
Male | −0.97 | (−5.09–3.15) | 0.644 | −0.01 | (−2.52–2.49) | 0.991 | |
Age group (years) | 30–49 | Reference | Reference | ||||
50–69 | 9.87 | (−1.03–20.77) | 0.076 | 7.65 | (0.92–14.39) | 0.026 | |
≥70 | 11.59 | (0.02–23.19) | 0.047 | 9.09 | (1.77–16.4) | 0.015 | |
Occupation | Non-manual | Reference | Reference | ||||
Manual | 2.25 | (−1.88–6.39) | 0.284 | 2.95 | (0.40–5.49) | 0.023 | |
Education | ≥High school | Reference | Reference | ||||
≤Middle school | 2.44 | (−1.68–6.55) | 0.245 | 1.71 | (−0.84–4.26) | 0.188 | |
Insurance type | NHI | Reference | Reference | ||||
Medicaid | −2.95 | (−14.46–8.57) | 0.615 | 6.79 | (1.33–12.25) | 0.015 | |
Obesity | No | Reference | Reference | ||||
Yes | 0.93 | (−2.81–4.67) | 0.624 | 1.02 | (−1.3–3.35) | 0.387 | |
Diabetes | No | Reference | Reference | ||||
Yes | −1.53 | (−6.98–3.92) | 0.582 | −1.01 | (−4.21–2.19) | 0.535 | |
Symptom duration | 1.75 | (0.14–3.37) | 0.034 | 0.52 | (−0.09–1.12) | 0.094 |
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Kang, S.-W.; Park, C.-K.; Woo, S.-H.; Kim, T.-W.; Moon, M.-H.; Yang, J.-H.; Choi, M.-H. Factors Influencing the Size of a Non-Traumatic Full-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tear: Focusing on Socioeconomic Factors. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 6137. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106137
Kang S-W, Park C-K, Woo S-H, Kim T-W, Moon M-H, Yang J-H, Choi M-H. Factors Influencing the Size of a Non-Traumatic Full-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tear: Focusing on Socioeconomic Factors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(10):6137. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106137
Chicago/Turabian StyleKang, Suk-Woong, Chan-Kue Park, Seung-Hun Woo, Tae-Woo Kim, Min-Hui Moon, Ji-Hee Yang, and Min-Hyeok Choi. 2022. "Factors Influencing the Size of a Non-Traumatic Full-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tear: Focusing on Socioeconomic Factors" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 10: 6137. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106137