Work Resumption after a Fixed-Term Disability Pension: Changes over Time during a Period of Decreasing Incidence of Disability Retirement
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data
2.2. Outcome Measures
2.3. Explanatory Variables
2.4. Confounders
2.5. Statistical Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Differences by the Explanatory Variables
4.2. Methodological Considerations
5. Conclusions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Share of Fixed-Term DP (%) | Distribution (%) | Permanent DP within 4 Years (%) | RTW within 4 Years (%) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2006 | 2015 | 2006 | 2015 | 2006 | 2015 | 2006 | 2015 | |
Gender | ||||||||
Men | 45 | 55 | 50 | 50 | 60 | 44 | 22 | 28 |
Women | 54 | 66 | 50 | 50 | 56 | 38 | 25 | 31 |
Age | ||||||||
25–34 | 89 | 93 | 10 | 16 | 22 | 12 | 36 | 34 |
35–44 | 80 | 87 | 22 | 19 | 37 | 22 | 34 | 38 |
45–54 | 63 | 75 | 42 | 35 | 63 | 41 | 22 | 32 |
55–62 | 26 | 35 | 26 | 30 | 81 | 69 | 12 | 19 |
Educational level | ||||||||
Primary | 40 | 51 | 31 | 22 | 59 | 37 | 17 | 24 |
Secondary | 55 | 62 | 50 | 57 | 51 | 36 | 23 | 27 |
Tertiary | 55 | 63 | 18 | 21 | 49 | 38 | 27 | 27 |
Diagnosis | ||||||||
Mental disorders | 60 | 75 | 38 | 37 | 57 | 37 | 19 | 22 |
Musculoskeletal diseases | 50 | 59 | 32 | 29 | 58 | 40 | 29 | 39 |
Other diseases | 38 | 48 | 30 | 34 | 59 | 46 | 24 | 30 |
Vocational rehabilitation | ||||||||
No | .. | .. | 91 | 87 | 61 | 44 | 21 | 25 |
Yes | .. | .. | 9 | 13 | 30 | 21 | 50 | 60 |
Total | 49 | 60 | 100 | 100 | 58 | 41 | 24 | 30 |
Distribution (%) | Permanent DP within 4 Years (%) | RTW within 4 Years (%) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2006 | 2015 | 2006 | 2015 | 2006 | 2015 | |
Occupational class | ||||||
Manual workers | 38 | 31 | 55 | 37 | 25 | 33 |
Lower non-manual employees | 23 | 26 | 52 | 35 | 26 | 32 |
Upper non-manual employees | 8 | 8 | 50 | 36 | 28 | 31 |
Entrepreneurs | 9 | 9 | 53 | 40 | 23 | 25 |
Unemployed | 4 | 8 | 61 | 42 | 11 | 10 |
Other or unknown | 18 | 18 | 50 | 34 | 9 | 11 |
Employment sector | ||||||
Private | 72 | 71 | 53 | 36 | 21 | 26 |
Public | 28 | 29 | 53 | 39 | 23 | 27 |
Employment before FTDP | ||||||
No | 36 | 39 | 52 | 37 | 12 | 13 |
Yes | 64 | 61 | 53 | 37 | 27 | 34 |
Total | 100 | 100 | 58 | 41 | 24 | 30 |
Unadjusted 1 | Adjusted 2 | Adjusted and Weighted 3 | |
---|---|---|---|
Total | 0.60 (0.58–0.63) | 0.57 (0.55–0.60) | 0.63 (0.60–0.67) |
Gender | |||
Men | 0.63 (0.59–0.67) | 0.59 (0.55–0.63) | 0.65 (0.60–0.70) |
Women | 0.58 (0.54–0.61) | 0.55 (0.52–0.59) | 0.62 (0.57–0.66) |
Age | |||
25–34 | 0.51 (0.41–0.63) | 0.49 (0.39–0.60) | 0.49 (0.40–0.61) |
35–44 | 0.53 (0.47–0.60) | 0.52 (0.46–0.59) | 0.53 (0.47–0.61) |
45–54 | 0.51 (0.48–0.55) | 0.50 (0.47–0.54) | 0.51 (0.48–0.55) |
55–62 | 0.68 (0.63–0.72) | 0.68 (0.64–0.73) | 0.70 (0.65–0.75) |
Educational level | |||
Primary | 0.53 (0.49–0.58) | 0.54 (0.50–0.59) | 0.63 (0.56–0.70) |
Secondary | 0.62 (0.59–0.66) | 0.57 (0.53–0.60) | 0.62 (0.58–0.68) |
Tertiary | 0.71 (0.64–0.78) | 0.60 (0.54–0.67) | 0.64 (0.56–0.73) |
Diagnosis | |||
Mental disorders | 0.53 (0.50–0.57) | 0.55 (0.51–0.59) | 0.60 (0.54–0.65) |
Musculoskeletal diseases | 0.59 (0.55–0.64) | 0.51 (0.47–0.55) | 0.56 (0.52–0.62) |
Other diseases | 0.69 (0.64–0.74) | 0.65 (0.61–0.70) | 0.69 (0.63–0.76) |
Vocational rehabilitation | |||
No | 0.62 (0.59–0.65) | 0.59 (0.57–0.62) | 0.66 (0.62–0.70) |
Yes | 0.64 (0.54–0.77) | 0.50 (0.41–0.61) | 0.49 (0.38–0.62) |
Unadjusted 1 | Adjusted 2 | Adjusted and Weighted 3 | |
---|---|---|---|
Total | 1.23 (1.15–1.30) | 1.32 (1.25–1.40) | 1.43 (1.33–1.54) |
Gender | |||
Men | 1.27 (1.16–1.38) | 1.44 (1.33–1.57) | 1.52 (1.36–1.69) |
Women | 1.19 (1.10–1.29) | 1.23 (1.13–1.33) | 1.34 (1.22–1.47) |
Age | |||
25–34 | 0.88 (0.76–1.02) | 0.98 (0.85–1.13) | 0.97 (0.84–1.13) |
35–44 | 1.06 (0.94–1.19) | 1.11 (1.00–1.24) | 1.12 (1.01–1.26) |
45–54 | 1.37 (1.24–1.51) | 1.51 (1.38–1.66) | 1.53 (1.39–1.69) |
55–62 | 1.71 (1.47–1.98) | 1.72 (1.47–2.00) | 1.71 (1.45–2.03) |
Educational level | |||
Primary | 1.53 (1.36–1.73) | 1.62 (1.43–1.84) | 1.72 (1.47–2.02) |
Secondary | 1.22 (1.13–1.32) | 1.30 (1.20–1.40) | 1.39 (1.27–1.52) |
Tertiary | 1.06 (0.94–1.19) | 1.13 (1.00–1.28) | 1.25 (1.08–1.45) |
Diagnosis | |||
Mental disorders | 1.10 (0.98–1.23) | 1.12 (1.01–1.25) | 1.17 (1.04–1.32) |
Musculoskeletal diseases | 1.34 (1.22–1.47) | 1.51 (1.37–1.65) | 1.58 (1.43–1.76) |
Other diseases | 1.24 (1.12–1.38) | 1.30 (1.17–1.44) | 1.44 (1.26–1.64) |
Vocational rehabilitation | |||
No | 1.13 (1.05–1.21) | 1.25 (1.17–1.34) | 1.33 (1.23–1.45) |
Yes | 1.46 (1.28–1.66) | 1.35 (1.20–1.53) | 1.46 (1.27–1.70) |
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Laaksonen, M. Work Resumption after a Fixed-Term Disability Pension: Changes over Time during a Period of Decreasing Incidence of Disability Retirement. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 4618. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094618
Laaksonen M. Work Resumption after a Fixed-Term Disability Pension: Changes over Time during a Period of Decreasing Incidence of Disability Retirement. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(9):4618. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094618
Chicago/Turabian StyleLaaksonen, Mikko. 2021. "Work Resumption after a Fixed-Term Disability Pension: Changes over Time during a Period of Decreasing Incidence of Disability Retirement" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9: 4618. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094618