Application of the Ottawa Charter Five Priority Areas of Action for Public Health to an Institution-Wide Diabetes Care Promotion
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Research Methods
2.1. Intervention Background
2.2. Participant Inclusion
2.3. Intervention
2.3.1. Action 1: Develop Personal Skills
2.3.2. Action 2: Reorient Health Services
- To understand how to improve the health conditions of diabetic patients properly.
- To understand the importance of selecting nutritious food, exercising regularly, and self-monitoring of blood sugar.
- To ensure that the volunteers are able to provide health advice and counselling.
- To help hospitals build/promote health-related events.
- To make sure volunteers practice what they preach about health improving activities.
- When it is not the volunteer’s family or relatives’ community, three persons serve as a group due to safety concerns.
- Each volunteer is provided with a whistle that can be brought with them during visits to protect themselves.
- Teaching the volunteers how to avoid and handle situations of being treated improperly (such as sexual harassment) when serving the opposite gender. Furthermore, the training of raising alerts is highlighted.
2.3.3. Action 3: Strengthen Community Actions
- Choose three families of diabetic patients near the volunteers’ home as service objects and establish a health plan with the patients’ family.
- Volunteers called the patients every week to supervise their self-monitoring of blood sugar level, exercise, diet records, and follow the doctor’s medication instructions.
- Collect health care reports from the families of diabetic patients every month, report to the captain of volunteers to organize and report to the committee.
2.3.4. Action 4: Create Supportive Environments
2.3.5. Action 5: Build Healthy Public Policy
2.4. Statistical Analysis Methods
3. Results
3.1. Results of Patients
3.2. Results of Hospital Staff and Staff Volunteers
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | N | % | |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 15 | 24.6 |
Female | 46 | 75.4 | |
Age (years) | 20–29 | 16 | 26.2 |
30–39 | 24 | 61.0 | |
40–49 | 20 | 32.8 | |
50–59 | 1 | 1.6 | |
Supervisor | Yes | 21 | 34.4 |
No | 40 | 65.6 | |
Marital | Married | 50 | 82.0 |
Status | Single | 11 | 18.0 |
Diabetes high risk | Yes | 18 | 29.5 |
No | 43 | 70.5 | |
Professional | Ancillary Staff | 21 | 34.4 |
Nurse | 21 | 34.4 | |
Physiotherapist | 7 | 11.5 | |
Dietitian | 5 | 8.2 | |
Pharmacist | 3 | 4.9 | |
Radiologist | 2 | 3.3 | |
Senior Technician | 2 | 3.3 |
Variable | N | % | |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 48 | 53.3 |
Female | 42 | 46.7 | |
Age | 20–44 | 4 | 4.1 |
45–64 | 36 | 40.0 | |
65–74 | 31 | 34.4 | |
75–100 | 19 | 21.1 | |
Education level | University | 9 | 10.1 |
High school | 14 | 15.7 | |
Middle school | 12 | 13.5 | |
Elementary school | 27 | 30.3 | |
Illiterate | 27 | 30.3 | |
Language | dialect | 43 | 47.8 |
Chinese | 47 | 52.2 | |
Occupation | Retired | 29 | 32.2 |
Farmer | 29 | 32.2 | |
Workers | 4 | 4.4 | |
Business | 10 | 11.1 | |
Medicine & bio-tech | 2 | 2.2 | |
Government official | 2 | 2.2 | |
Leisure & service | 2 | 2.2 | |
Housework | 7 | 7.8 | |
Others | 5 | 5.6 | |
Marital status | Married | 88 | 97.8 |
Single | 2 | 2.2 | |
Complications | Neuropathy (yes) | 72 | 82.2 |
Neuropathy (no) | 7 | 7.8 | |
Neuropathy (unknown) | 9 | 10.0 | |
Nephropathy | 62 | 70.5 | |
Nephropathy(no) | 5 | 5.6 | |
Nephropathy (unknown) | 21 | 23.9 |
Pre/Post | N | Mean | Standard Deviation | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Health satisfaction | Pre test | 81 | 2.86 | 0.81 | 0.038 |
Post test | 77 | 3.14 | 0.85 | ||
Health-related quality of life satisfaction | Pre test | 81 | 3.37 | 0.80 | 0.026 |
Post test | 78 | 3.44 | 0.75 |
Item | N | Mean (Paired T) | SD | p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
BW | 89 | 0.0562 | 0.7762 | 0.4965 |
%IBW | 88 | −0.1080 | 1.7705 | 0.5688 |
BMI | 89 | −0.0213 | 0.3961 | 0.6124 |
SUGAR AC | 78 | 3.4615 | 27.3703 | 0.2675 |
SUGAR PC | 15 | −4.6667 | 28.1645 | 0.5314 |
HbA1C | 44 | 0.1136 | 1.0064 | 0.4579 |
BP (Systolic) | 37 | 0.2432 | 15.6159 | 0.9250 |
BP (Diastolic) | 37 | 1.4324 | 12.1713 | 0.4787 |
Variable | Before | After | Fisher | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Follows a diabetic diet | Yes | 42 | 48 | 54.9131 | <0.001 * |
No | 42 | 42 | |||
Exercise behavior | Regular | 54 | 60 | 8.4000 | 0.0101 * |
Irregular | 36 | 30 | |||
Self-care via glucose monitoring | Yes | 40 | 42 | 77.3545 | <0.0001 * |
No | 50 | 48 |
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Lin, M.-H.; Chiu, S.-Y.; Ho, W.-C.; Huang, H.-Y. Application of the Ottawa Charter Five Priority Areas of Action for Public Health to an Institution-Wide Diabetes Care Promotion. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 1543. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041543
Lin M-H, Chiu S-Y, Ho W-C, Huang H-Y. Application of the Ottawa Charter Five Priority Areas of Action for Public Health to an Institution-Wide Diabetes Care Promotion. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(4):1543. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041543
Chicago/Turabian StyleLin, Min-Hua, She-Yu Chiu, Wen-Chao Ho, and Hui-Ying Huang. 2021. "Application of the Ottawa Charter Five Priority Areas of Action for Public Health to an Institution-Wide Diabetes Care Promotion" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4: 1543. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041543
APA StyleLin, M.-H., Chiu, S.-Y., Ho, W.-C., & Huang, H.-Y. (2021). Application of the Ottawa Charter Five Priority Areas of Action for Public Health to an Institution-Wide Diabetes Care Promotion. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 1543. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041543