Factors Influencing SDL Readiness and Self-Esteem in a Clinical Adult Nursing Practicum after Flipped Learning Education: Comparison of the Contact and Untact Models
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- (1)
- Comparing the effects of SDL readiness, self-esteem, learner motivation, interaction (professor–student and clinical instructor–student), confidence in performing core skills, participation in online activities, clinical practice stress, and friendliness (ward and patient) in FMCM and FMUM after a clinical adult practicum.
- (2)
- Identifying the influencing factors of SDL readiness and self-esteem after a clinical adult practicum.
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design and Subjects
2.2. Ethical Considerations
2.3. Research Tools
2.4. Procedures
2.5. Data Collection
2.6. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Participants’ Characteristics
3.2. Descriptive Statistics of the Variables and Comparison Before and After the Education
3.3. Difference in SDL Readiness and Self-Esteem by Characteristics of the Participants
3.4. Between-Variable Correlations
3.5. Factors Influencing SDL Readiness and Self-Esteem
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Total (n = 85) | FMCM (n = 43) | FMUM (n = 42) | χ2 (p) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | |||||
Gender | Male | 13 (15.3) | 6 (7.1) | 7 (8.2) | 0.21 (0.771) |
Female | 72 (84.7) | 37 (43.5) | 35 (41.2) | ||
Age | <23 | 63 (74.1) | 31 (36.5) | 32 (37.6) | 0.19 (0.805) |
≥23 | 22 (25.9) | 12 (14.1) | 10 (11.8) | ||
Practice hospital | E general hospital | 43 (50.6) | 43 (50.6) | 0 (0.0) | 85.0 (<0.001) |
E university hospital | 30 (35.3) | 0 (0.0) | 30 (35.3) | ||
S hospital | 12 (14.1) | 0 (0.0) | 12 (14.1) |
Variables | FMCM (n = 43) | FMUM (n = 42) | t (p) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD or SE | ||||
SDL readiness | pre | 113.39 ± 9.89 | 112.66 ± 12.44 | 62.88 (<0.001) |
post | 119.40 ± 9.08 | 107.36 ± 12.17 | ||
Difference (post − pretest) | 6.00 ± 0.74 | −5.31 ± 1.21 | 7.95 (<0.001) | |
Self-esteem | pre | 32.95 ± 3.52 | 31.67 ± 3.34 | 0.78 (0.380) |
post | 34.59 ± 4.60 | 33.52 ± 5.47 | ||
Difference (post − pretest) | 1.64 ± 0.95 | 1.84 ± 0.85 | −0.16 (0.873) | |
Learner motivation | pre | 93.42 ± 6.37 | 94.43 ± 7.98 | 0.14 (0.705) |
post | 95.15 ± 7.61 | 95.83 ± 7.55 | ||
Difference (post − pretest) | 1.73 ± 1.27 | 1.40 ± 1.49 | 0.17 (0.866) | |
Interaction | ||||
Professor–student | pre | 5.65 ± 2.15 | 5.91 ± 2.04 | 7.34 (0.008) |
post | 6.39 ± 1.99 | 5.54 ± 2.00 | ||
Difference (post − pretest) | 0.74 ± 0.31 | −0.37 ± 0.35 | 2.35 (0.021) | |
Clinical instructor–student | pre | 1.37 ± 2.27 | 2.44 ± 2.85 | 0.02 (0.897) |
post | 4.70 ± 2.42 | 4.87 ± 2.09 | ||
Difference (post − pretest) | 3.32 ± 0.52 | 2.42 ± 0.47 | 1.28 (0.204) | |
Confidence in performing core skills | ||||
Tracheostomy management skill | pre | 5.23 ± 2.07 | 4.93 ± 2.07 | 2.23 (0.140) |
post | 6.58 ± 2.14 | 6.96 ± 1.63 | ||
Difference (post − pretest) | 1.34 ± 0.36 | 2.02 ± 0.40 | −1.26 (0.210) | |
Endotracheal suction skill | pre | 6.09 ± 2.00 | 6.45 ± 1.85 | 0.18 (0.673) |
post | 7.60 ± 1.96 | 7.52 ± 1.72 | ||
Difference (post − pretest) | 1.51 ± 0.40 | 1.07 ± 0.33 | 0.84 (0.405) | |
Participation in online activities | post | 6.57 ± 2.11 | 5.88 ± 2.50 | 1.38 (0.172) |
Clinical practice stress | post | 8.17 ± 1.62 | 8.23 ± 1.42 | −0.19 (0.853) |
Friendliness | ||||
Ward | post | 6.41 ± 2.49 | 6.15 ± 2.53 | 0.48 (0.631) |
Patient | post | 5.71 ± 1.62 | 5.99 ± 1.78 | −0.74 (0.464) |
Characteristics | n | SDL Readiness | Self-Esteem | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | t or F | p (Scheffe) | Mean ± SD | t or F | p (Scheffe) | |||
Gender | Male | 72 | 114.01 ± 12.54 | 1.00 | 0.318 | 33.61 ± 4.71 | −1.98 | 0.052 |
Female | 13 | 110.31 ± 10.38 | 36.56 ± 6.26 | |||||
Age | <23 | 63 | 112.56 ± 13.07 | −1.14 | 0.259 | 33.41 ± 4.85 | −2.05 | 0.043 |
≥23 | 22 | 116.00 ± 9.34 | 35.93 ± 5.26 | |||||
Practice hospital | E general hospital a | 43 | 119.40 ± 9.08 | 13.40 | <0.001 (a > b) | 34.59 ± 4.60 | 0.75 | 0.474 |
E university hospital b | 30 | 107.87 ± 9.16 | 33.88 ± 5.48 | |||||
S hospital b | 12 | 106.08 ± 18.12 | 32.60 ± 5.57 |
Variables | SDL Readiness | Self-Esteem | |
---|---|---|---|
SDL readiness | 1 | ||
Self-esteem | 0.27 (0.012) | 1 | |
Learner motivation | 0.14 (0.205) | 0.68 (<0.001) | |
Interaction | Professor–student | 0.11 (0.317) | 0.49 (<0.001) |
Clinical instructor–student | 0.02 (0.867) | 0.31 (0.004) | |
Confidence in performing core skills | Tracheostomy management | 0.01 (0.911) | 0.39 (<0.001) |
Endotracheal suction | 0.16 (0.154) | 0.40 (<0.001) | |
Participation in online activities | 0.18 (0.104) | 0.05 (0.654) | |
Clinical practice stress | −0.20 (0.067) | −0.20 (0.063) | |
Friendliness | Ward | 0.26 (0.018) | 0.06 (0.595) |
Patient | 0.15 (0.162) | 0.16 (0.146) |
Variables | SDL Readiness | Self-Esteem | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
B (SE) | t (p) | B (SE) | t (p) | |
Intercept | 66.14 (15.17) | 4.36 (<0.001) | −11.68 (5.10) | −2.29 (0.025) |
FMCM (ref = FMUM) | 11.92 (2.20) | 5.41 (<0.001) | ||
Learner motivation | 0.35 (0.15) | 2.31 (0.024) | 0.41 (0.05) | 7.74 (<0.001) |
Professor–student interaction | 0.69 (0.19) | 3.56 (0.001) | ||
Friendliness: ward | 1.33 (0.45) | 2.95 (0.004) | 0.35 (0.15) | 2.32 (0.023) |
F (p) | 13.96 (<0.001) | 34.86 (<0.001) | ||
Adj. R2 | 0.316 | 0.547 | ||
Tolerance | 0.962~0.996 | 0.850~0.959 | ||
VIF | 1.004~1.039 | 1.043~1.176 | ||
Durbin–Watson | 1.75 | 1.92 |
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Cho, M.-K.; Kim, M.Y. Factors Influencing SDL Readiness and Self-Esteem in a Clinical Adult Nursing Practicum after Flipped Learning Education: Comparison of the Contact and Untact Models. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 1521. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041521
Cho M-K, Kim MY. Factors Influencing SDL Readiness and Self-Esteem in a Clinical Adult Nursing Practicum after Flipped Learning Education: Comparison of the Contact and Untact Models. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(4):1521. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041521
Chicago/Turabian StyleCho, Mi-Kyoung, and Mi Young Kim. 2021. "Factors Influencing SDL Readiness and Self-Esteem in a Clinical Adult Nursing Practicum after Flipped Learning Education: Comparison of the Contact and Untact Models" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4: 1521. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041521