Trends and Inequalities in the Incidence of Acute Myocardial Infarction among Beijing Townships, 2007–2018
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Setting
2.2. Data Sources
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Temporal Trends in AMI Incidence
3.2. Geographic Pattern and Inequality in AMI Incidence
3.3. Geographic Patterns in Changes of AMI Incidence
3.4. Sensitivity Analyses
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
References
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Characteristic | 2007–2009 | 2010–2012 | 2013–2015 | 2016–2018 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Median | IQR | Median | IQR | Median | IQR | Median | IQR | |
Total a | 216.3 | (176.0, 259.5) | 239.5 | (192.9, 289.4) | 236.2 | (184.5, 297.3) | 231.6 | (188.4, 286.1) |
Males b | 288.6 | (230.1, 337.6) | 316.4 | (253.1, 376.7) | 318.9 | (253.7, 393.2) | 331.1 | (267.5, 396.9) |
35–49 years | 96.5 | (76.7, 113.9) | 118.8 | (95.4, 142.6) | 137.0 | (103.7, 170.9) | 148.8 | (108.6, 183.4) |
50–64 years | 279.8 | (215.2, 342.8) | 317.5 | (258.3, 378.2) | 336.1 | (264.8, 416.7) | 372.6 | (297.6, 447.6) |
65–79 years | 686.2 | (577.7, 855.5) | 729.6 | (577.7, 911.4) | 669.3 | (541.5, 894.8) | 645.2 | (506.0, 831.5) |
≥80 years | 1282.0 | (976.1, 1852.0) | 1378.0 | (1021.0, 1832.0) | 1262.0 | (958.8, 1733.0) | 1301.0 | (970.0, 1718.0) |
Females b | 145.9 | (108.5, 186.1) | 162.8 | (116.6, 206.6) | 148.2 | (106.5, 199.4) | 134.1 | (98.3, 174.3) |
35–49 years | 12.2 | (8.2, 15.7) | 12.3 | (7.5, 16.3) | 12.6 | (8.0, 18.4) | 12.3 | (7.2, 16.0) |
50–64 years | 85.3 | (37.4, 134.4) | 100.3 | (63.6, 124.5) | 87.2 | (54.4, 116.8) | 83.1 | (57.3, 105.8) |
65–79 years | 525.5 | (393.0, 639.3) | 562.9 | (421.2, 695.6) | 500.6 | (370.7, 657.5) | 445.9 | (315.8, 574.5) |
≥80 years | 1220.0 | (917.2, 1670.0) | 1372.0 | (940.0, 1974.0) | 1317.0 | (937.9, 1883.0) | 1192.0 | (881.4, 1687.0) |
2007–2009 | 2010–2012 | 2013–2015 | 2016–2018 | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | 10th Percentile | 90th Percentile | 90th–10th a | 90th/ 10th b | 10th Percentile | 90th Percentile | 90th–10th a | 90th/ 10th b | 10th Percentile | 90th Percentile | 90th–10th a | 90th/ 10th b | 10th Percentile | 90th Percentile | 90th–10th a | 90th/ 10th b |
Total c | 146.1 | 319.9 | 173.8 | 2.2 | 147.5 | 352.1 | 204.6 | 2.4 | 147.5 | 355.5 | 208.0 | 2.4 | 149.8 | 337.9 | 188.1 | 2.3 |
Males d | 192.7 | 403.2 | 210.5 | 2.1 | 205.1 | 446.1 | 241.0 | 2.2 | 211.8 | 470.3 | 258.5 | 2.2 | 215.3 | 486.5 | 271.2 | 2.3 |
35–49 years | 63.2 | 135.8 | 72.6 | 2.1 | 77.9 | 159.3 | 81.4 | 2.0 | 82.6 | 203.1 | 120.5 | 2.5 | 79.2 | 221.4 | 142.2 | 2.8 |
50–64 years | 180.3 | 408.6 | 228.3 | 2.3 | 203.5 | 433.1 | 229.6 | 2.1 | 202.8 | 482.6 | 279.8 | 2.4 | 241.7 | 535.9 | 294.2 | 2.2 |
65–79 years | 472.4 | 1053.0 | 580.6 | 2.2 | 458.7 | 1193.0 | 734.3 | 2.6 | 456.4 | 1087.0 | 630.6 | 2.4 | 411.6 | 998.7 | 587.1 | 2.4 |
≥ 80 years | 829.9 | 2413.0 | 1583.1 | 2.9 | 798.6 | 2589.0 | 1790.4 | 3.2 | 693.1 | 2425.0 | 1731.9 | 3.5 | 745.8 | 2357.0 | 1611.2 | 3.2 |
Females d | 89.6 | 234.3 | 144.7 | 2.6 | 85.5 | 262.5 | 177.0 | 3.1 | 80.8 | 248.8 | 168.0 | 3.1 | 75.8 | 221.3 | 145.5 | 2.9 |
35–49 years | 6.3 | 17.9 | 11.6 | 2.8 | 6.0 | 22.1 | 16.1 | 3.7 | 5.8 | 27.2 | 21.4 | 4.7 | 5.8 | 19.9 | 14.1 | 3.4 |
50–64 years | 37.4 | 134.4 | 97.0 | 3.6 | 38.9 | 153.3 | 114.4 | 3.9 | 37.2 | 147.7 | 110.5 | 4.0 | 41.3 | 131.1 | 89.8 | 3.2 |
65–79 years | 312.1 | 830.4 | 518.3 | 2.7 | 316.3 | 932.4 | 616.1 | 2.9 | 291.6 | 855.3 | 563.7 | 2.9 | 231.0 | 721.3 | 490.3 | 3.1 |
≥80 years | 707.9 | 2638.0 | 1930.1 | 3.7 | 723.4 | 3042.0 | 2318.6 | 4.2 | 705.5 | 2655.0 | 1949.5 | 3.8 | 679.8 | 2430.0 | 1750.2 | 3.6 |
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Chang, J.; Deng, Q.; Guo, M.; Ezzati, M.; Baumgartner, J.; Bixby, H.; Chan, Q.; Zhao, D.; Lu, F.; Hu, P.; et al. Trends and Inequalities in the Incidence of Acute Myocardial Infarction among Beijing Townships, 2007–2018. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 12276. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312276
Chang J, Deng Q, Guo M, Ezzati M, Baumgartner J, Bixby H, Chan Q, Zhao D, Lu F, Hu P, et al. Trends and Inequalities in the Incidence of Acute Myocardial Infarction among Beijing Townships, 2007–2018. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(23):12276. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312276
Chicago/Turabian StyleChang, Jie, Qiuju Deng, Moning Guo, Majid Ezzati, Jill Baumgartner, Honor Bixby, Queenie Chan, Dong Zhao, Feng Lu, Piaopiao Hu, and et al. 2021. "Trends and Inequalities in the Incidence of Acute Myocardial Infarction among Beijing Townships, 2007–2018" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 23: 12276. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312276