Performance of Professional Soccer Players before and after COVID-19 Infection; Observational Study with an Emphasis on Graduated Return to Play
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design and Participants
2.2. Outcomes
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. COVID Prevalence
4.2. Return to Play
4.3. Match Running Performance in Pre-COVID and Post-COVID Period
4.4. Strengths and Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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NONINF | INF Pre-COVID | T-Test | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Std.Dev. | Mean | Std.Dev. | t-Test | p | |
Total distance (m) | 10,776.08 | 566.27 | 10,651.16 | 918.15 | 0.41 | 0.69 |
Low-intensity running (m) | 8518.35 | 421.05 | 8457.23 | 524.94 | 0.32 | 0.75 |
Running (m) | 1562.42 | 280.76 | 1545.55 | 469.29 | 0.11 | 0.92 |
High-intensity running (m) | 697.33 | 197.31 | 648.10 | 193.85 | 0.63 | 0.54 |
High-speed running (m) | 572.44 | 160.10 | 524.16 | 135.83 | 0.82 | 0.42 |
Sprinting (m) | 122.07 | 56.76 | 124.22 | 72.55 | −0.08 | 0.94 |
Total accelerations (count) | 500.44 | 42.63 | 479.08 | 51.91 | 1.12 | 0.27 |
Total decelerations (count) | 500.49 | 42.86 | 480.52 | 54.73 | 1.01 | 0.32 |
High-intensity accelerations (count) | 18.87 | 8.55 | 28.68 | 11.56 | −2.39 | 0.03 |
High-intensity decelerations (count) | 36.54 | 9.35 | 38.10 | 10.34 | −0.39 | 0.70 |
Pre-COVID | Post-COVID | T-Test | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Std.Dev. | Mean | Std.Dev. | t-Test | p | |
Total distance (m) | 10,651.16 | 918.15 | 10,799.96 | 765.13 | −1.02 | 0.32 |
Low-intensity running (m) | 8457.23 | 524.94 | 8490.32 | 519.02 | −0.36 | 0.72 |
Running (m) | 1545.55 | 469.29 | 1648.05 | 397.37 | −1.12 | 0.28 |
High-intensity running (m) | 648.10 | 193.85 | 662.52 | 232.93 | −0.31 | 0.76 |
High-speed running (m) | 524.16 | 135.83 | 538.72 | 161.38 | −0.42 | 0.68 |
Sprinting (m) | 124.22 | 72.55 | 123.64 | 87.79 | 0.03 | 0.97 |
Total accelerations (count) | 479.08 | 51.91 | 489.63 | 47.98 | −1.18 | 0.26 |
Total decelerations (count) | 480.52 | 54.73 | 479.30 | 57.60 | 0.13 | 0.89 |
High-intensity accelerations (count) | 28.68 | 11.56 | 21.22 | 10.83 | 2.11 | 0.04 |
High-intensity decelerations (count) | 38.10 | 10.34 | 31.33 | 15.28 | 2.13 | 0.04 |
NONINF | INF Post-COVID | T-Test | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Std.Dev. | Mean | Std.Dev. | t-Test | p | |
Total distance (m) | 107,76.08 | 566.27 | 107,99.96 | 765.13 | −0.09 | 0.93 |
Low-intensity running (m) | 8518.35 | 421.05 | 8490.32 | 519.02 | 0.15 | 0.88 |
Running (m) | 1562.42 | 280.76 | 1648.05 | 397.37 | −0.62 | 0.54 |
High-intensity running (m) | 697.33 | 197.31 | 662.52 | 232.93 | 0.40 | 0.69 |
High-speed running (m) | 572.44 | 160.10 | 538.72 | 161.38 | 0.52 | 0.61 |
Sprinting (m) | 122.07 | 56.76 | 123.64 | 87.79 | −0.05 | 0.96 |
Total accelerations (count) | 500.44 | 42.63 | 489.63 | 47.98 | 0.59 | 0.56 |
Total decelerations (count) | 500.49 | 42.86 | 479.30 | 57.60 | 1.04 | 0.31 |
High-intensity accelerations (count) | 18.87 | 8.55 | 21.22 | 10.83 | −1.00 | 0.28 |
High-intensity decelerations (count) | 36.54 | 9.35 | 31.33 | 15.28 | 0.62 | 0.54 |
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Savicevic, A.J.; Nincevic, J.; Versic, S.; Cuschieri, S.; Bandalovic, A.; Turic, A.; Becir, B.; Modric, T.; Sekulic, D. Performance of Professional Soccer Players before and after COVID-19 Infection; Observational Study with an Emphasis on Graduated Return to Play. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 11688. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111688
Savicevic AJ, Nincevic J, Versic S, Cuschieri S, Bandalovic A, Turic A, Becir B, Modric T, Sekulic D. Performance of Professional Soccer Players before and after COVID-19 Infection; Observational Study with an Emphasis on Graduated Return to Play. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(21):11688. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111688
Chicago/Turabian StyleSavicevic, Anamarija Jurcev, Jasna Nincevic, Sime Versic, Sarah Cuschieri, Ante Bandalovic, Ante Turic, Boris Becir, Toni Modric, and Damir Sekulic. 2021. "Performance of Professional Soccer Players before and after COVID-19 Infection; Observational Study with an Emphasis on Graduated Return to Play" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 21: 11688. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111688
APA StyleSavicevic, A. J., Nincevic, J., Versic, S., Cuschieri, S., Bandalovic, A., Turic, A., Becir, B., Modric, T., & Sekulic, D. (2021). Performance of Professional Soccer Players before and after COVID-19 Infection; Observational Study with an Emphasis on Graduated Return to Play. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(21), 11688. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111688