Pickleball for Inactive Mid-Life and Older Adults in Rural Utah: A Feasibility Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants and Eligibility
2.2. Pickleball Intervention
2.3. Outcome Measures
2.3.1. Muscle Function
2.3.2. Cognitive Function
2.3.3. Perceived Pain
2.3.4. Cardio-Metabolic Risk
2.3.5. Psychosocial Factors
2.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Limitations
4.2. Future Directions
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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County | County Population | Study Site | Site Population and Demographics | Distance of Site from Urban Area (Miles) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Size | Density (per Square Mile) | Size | Density (per Square Mile) | 50–64 Years (%) | 65 Years and above (%) | 50 Years and above (%) | |||
Beaver | 6517 | 2.50 | Beaver City | 3074 | 459 | 17.3 | 18.9 | 36.2 | 103.0 |
Garfield | 4998 | 0.97 | Panguitch City | 1785 | 616 | 16.8 | 17.7 | 34.5 | 108.9 |
San Juan | 15,302 | 1.96 | Monticello City | 2604 | 723 | 9.8 | 13.6 | 23.4 | 206.0 |
Test | Global Cognitive Score | Memory | Executive Function | Attention | Information Processing Speed | Visual Spatial | Verbal Function | Motor Skills |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre | 109.9 | 106.1 | 111.3 | 108.4 | 112.9 | 116.4 | 102.6 | 111.4 |
Post | 111.8 | 108.8 | 110.9 | 108.7 | 118.5 | 118.4 | 105.1 | 112.4 |
Outcome Measure | Pre-Test | Post-Test |
---|---|---|
Vertical Jump Height (cm) | 22.7 ± 5.2 | 25.3 ± 6.4 * |
Grip Strength (kg) | 30.3 ± 7.0 | 29.5 ± 6.8 |
Diastolic Blood Pressure (mm/Hg) | 87.5 ± 12.2 | 87.4 ± 7.3 |
Systolic Blood Pressure (mm/Hg) | 134.9 ± 12.7 | 129.8 ± 12.8 |
Resting Heart Rate (bpm) | 77.0 ± 15.6 | 75.7 ± 9.3 |
Pain (median score 0–10) | 3 | 2 * |
Interview Section | Themes |
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Positive aspects of intervention |
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Negative aspects of intervention |
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Suggestions for improvement of the intervention |
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Perceived benefits |
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Long-term adherence |
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Wray, P.; Ward, C.K.; Nelson, C.; Sulzer, S.H.; Dakin, C.J.; Thompson, B.J.; Vierimaa, M.; Das Gupta, D.; Bolton, D.A.E. Pickleball for Inactive Mid-Life and Older Adults in Rural Utah: A Feasibility Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 8374. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168374
Wray P, Ward CK, Nelson C, Sulzer SH, Dakin CJ, Thompson BJ, Vierimaa M, Das Gupta D, Bolton DAE. Pickleball for Inactive Mid-Life and Older Adults in Rural Utah: A Feasibility Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(16):8374. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168374
Chicago/Turabian StyleWray, Paige, Callahan K. Ward, Cindy Nelson, Sandra H. Sulzer, Christopher J. Dakin, Brennan J. Thompson, Matthew Vierimaa, Debasree Das Gupta, and David A. E. Bolton. 2021. "Pickleball for Inactive Mid-Life and Older Adults in Rural Utah: A Feasibility Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16: 8374. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168374