Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study of the Association between Knee Pain and Weight Change: Analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 2013–2015)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data Collection
2.2. Definitions of Knee Pain and Weight Change
2.3. Demographic, Social, and Health-Related Variables
2.4. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. General Characteristics According to Presence of Knee Pain
3.2. Association between Knee Pain and Weight Change
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Without Knee Pain (n = 7001) | With Knee Pain (n = 1479) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age, year | 63.37 ± 8.89 | 67.04 ± 8.94 | <0.001 |
Sex, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
Male | 3257 (46.52) | 352 (23.8) | |
Female | 3744 (53.48) | 1127 (76.2) | |
Height (cm) | 160.09 ± 8.76 | 155.48 ± 8.36 | <0.001 |
Weight (kg) | 61.68 ± 10.39 | 60.09 ± 9.87 | <0.001 |
Obesity (BMI), n (%) | <0.001 | ||
Underweight (<18.5) | 188 (2.69) | 25 (1.69) | |
Normal (18.5–24.9) | 4379 (62.61) | 810 (54.84) | |
Obese (≥25) | 2427 (34.7) | 642 (43.47) | |
Duration of sleep, h | 6.62 ± 1.47 | 6.4 ± 1.72 | <0.001 |
Smoking status, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
Non-/Ex-smoker | 5912 (84.45) | 1331 (89.99) | |
Current smoker | 1089 (15.55) | 148 (10.01) | |
Alcohol consumption, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
None | 2655 (37.92) | 742 (50.17) | |
≤1 drink/month | 1762 (25.17) | 369 (24.95) | |
2 drinks/month to 3 drinks/week | 1990 (28.42) | 279 (18.86) | |
≥4 drinks/week | 594 (8.48) | 89 (6.02) | |
Education level, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
≤6 year | 2505 (37.85) | 966 (65.71) | |
7–9 year | 1166 (17.62) | 236 (16.05) | |
10–12 year | 1837 (27.76) | 211 (14.35) | |
≥13 year | 1110 (16.77) | 57 (3.88) | |
Occupation, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
Unemployed (student, housewife, etc.) | 3161 (47.76) | 908 (61.73) | |
Office work | 708 (10.7) | 52 (3.54) | |
Sales and services | 743 (11.23) | 108 (7.34) | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishery | 1200 (18.13) | 219 (14.89) | |
Simple labor | 806 (12.18) | 184 (12.51) | |
Household income, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
Low | 1852 (26.61) | 668 (45.38) | |
Low-moderate | 1867 (26.82) | 369 (25.07) | |
Moderate-high | 1584 (22.76) | 238 (16.17) | |
High | 1658 (23.82) | 197 (13.38) | |
Degree of stress, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
None | 1803 (25.82) | 243 (16.56) | |
Mild | 3952 (56.59) | 760 (51.81) | |
Moderate | 986 (14.12) | 353 (24.06) | |
Severe | 243 (3.48) | 111 (7.57) | |
Change in weight, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
No change | 5053 (72.18) | 946 (63.96) | |
Weight loss | 1011 (14.44) | 255 (17.24) | |
Weight gain | 937 (13.38) | 278 (18.8) | |
Amount of weight loss, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
None | 5053 (83.36) | 946 (78.9) | |
3–6 kg | 811 (13.38) | 194 (16.18) | |
≥6 kg | 198 (3.27) | 59 (4.92) | |
Amount of weight gain, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
None | 5053 (84.36) | 946 (77.29) | |
3–6 kg | 781 (13.04) | 216 (17.65) | |
≥6 kg | 156 (2.6) | 62 (5.07) | |
Physical activity, n (%) | 1999 (30.16) | 317 (21.54) | <0.001 |
Comorbidities, n (%) | |||
Hypertension | 2517 (35.95) | 712 (48.14) | <0.001 |
Diabetes mellitus | 961 (13.73) | 286 (19.34) | <0.001 |
Dyslipidemia | 1497 (21.38) | 454 (30.7) | <0.001 |
Stroke | 282 (4.03) | 92 (6.22) | <0.001 |
Myocardial infarction | 104 (1.49) | 34 (2.3) | 0.0329 |
Angina | 210 (3) | 82 (5.54) | <0.001 |
Arthritis | 1056 (15.88) | 889 (60.11) | <0.001 |
Asthma | 205 (2.93) | 103 (6.96) | <0.001 |
Malignancy | 200 (2.86) | 49 (3.31) | 0.3899 |
Wt. Change | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | 95% CI | p-Value | OR | 95% CI | p-Value | OR | 95% CI | p-Value | |
No change | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
Wt. loss | 1.48 | 1.23–1.78 | <0.001 | 1.49 | 1.23–1.81 | <0.001 | 1.20 | 0.96–1.49 | 0.116 |
Wt. gain | 1.54 | 1.30–1.82 | <0.001 | 1.57 | 1.32–1.87 | <0.001 | 1.37 | 1.12–1.67 | 0.002 |
Amount of Wt. Loss | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | 95% CI | p-Value | OR | 95% CI | p-Value | OR | 95% CI | p-Value | |
No Wt. loss | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
3 kg to 6 kg | 1.38 | 1.11–1.70 | 0.003 | 1.41 | 1.13–1.75 | 0.002 | 1.14 | 0.88–1.76 | 0.318 |
≥6 kg | 1.95 | 1.39–2.75 | <0.001 | 1.85 | 1.28–2.67 | 0.001 | 1.47 | 0.99–2.17 | 0.052 |
Amount of Wt. Gain | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | 95% CI | p-Value | OR | 95% CI | p-Value | OR | 95% CI | p-Value | |
No Wt. gain | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
3 kg to 6 kg | 1.39 | 1.16–1.68 | <0.001 | 1.42 | 1.14–1.73 | <0.001 | 1.28 | 1.03–1.59 | 0.029 |
≥6 kg | 2.33 | 1.67–3.24 | <0.001 | 2.34 | 1.66–3.28 | <0.001 | 1.62 | 1.11–2.35 | 0.012 |
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Choi, S.; Nah, S.; Jang, H.-D.; Cheon, S.-H.; Moon, J.-E.; Han, S. Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study of the Association between Knee Pain and Weight Change: Analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 2013–2015). Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 5185. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105185
Choi S, Nah S, Jang H-D, Cheon S-H, Moon J-E, Han S. Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study of the Association between Knee Pain and Weight Change: Analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 2013–2015). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(10):5185. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105185
Chicago/Turabian StyleChoi, Sungwoo, Sangun Nah, Hae-Dong Jang, Seung-Hee Cheon, Ji-Eun Moon, and Sangsoo Han. 2021. "Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study of the Association between Knee Pain and Weight Change: Analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 2013–2015)" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 10: 5185. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105185