Affordability and Availability of Child Restraints in an Under-Served Population in South Africa
by
Prasanthi Puvanachandra 1,2,*, Aliasgher Janmohammed 3, Pumla Mtambeka 3, Megan Prinsloo 4, Sebastian Van As 5 and Margaret M. Peden 1,2
Prasanthi Puvanachandra 1,2,*, Aliasgher Janmohammed 3, Pumla Mtambeka 3, Megan Prinsloo 4, Sebastian Van As 5 and Margaret M. Peden 1,2
1
The George Institute for Global Health UK, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 2BQ, UK
2
School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
3
ChildSafe South Africa, Woolworths ChildSafe Research and Educational Centre, Red Cross Children’s Hospital, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
4
Burden of Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Hospital, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
5
Red Cross Children’s Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(6), 1979; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17061979
Received: 19 February 2020 / Revised: 14 March 2020 / Accepted: 14 March 2020 / Published: 17 March 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Injury Prevention among Child Occupants)
Background: Child road traffic injuries are a major global public health problem and the issue is particularly burdensome in middle-income countries such as South Africa where injury death rates are 41 per 100,000 for under 5′s and 24.5 per 100,000 for 5–14-year-old. Despite their known effectiveness in reducing injuries amongst children, the rates of use of child restraint systems (CRS) remains low in South Africa. Little is known about barriers to child restraint use especially in low- and middle-income countries. Methods: We carried out observation studies and parent/carer surveys in 7 suburbs of Cape Town over a three month period to assess usage rates and explore the knowledge and perceptions of parents towards child restraint legislation, ownership and cost; Results: Only 7.8% of child passengers were observed to be properly restrained in a CRS with driver seatbelt use and single child occupancy being associated with higher child restraint use. 92% of survey respondents claimed to have knowledge of current child restraint legislation, however, only 32% of those parents/carers were able to correctly identify the age requirements and penalty. Reasons given for not owning a child seat included high cost and the belief that seatbelts were a suitable alternative. Conclusions: These findings indicate the need for a tighter legislation with an increased fine paired with enhanced enforcement of both adult seatbelt and child restraint use. The provision of low-cost/subsidised CRS or borrowing schemes and targeted social marketing through online fora, well baby clinics, early learning centres would be beneficial in increasing ownership and use of CRS.
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Keywords:
child injury; passengers; restraints; affordability; availability
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MDPI and ACS Style
Puvanachandra, P.; Janmohammed, A.; Mtambeka, P.; Prinsloo, M.; Van As, S.; Peden, M.M. Affordability and Availability of Child Restraints in an Under-Served Population in South Africa. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 1979.
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