The Association of Knowledge, Attitudes and Access with Park Use before and after a Park-Prescription Intervention for Low-Income Families in the U.S.
1
Department of Pediatrics, UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital Oakland, University of California at San Francisco, 5220 Claremont Ave, Oakland, CA 94608, USA
2
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
3
San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco Human Services Agency 170 Otis Street, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA
4
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, Box 1224, San Francisco, CA 94143-1224, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(3), 701; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030701
Received: 10 December 2019 / Revised: 13 January 2020 / Accepted: 15 January 2020 / Published: 21 January 2020
We conducted secondary data analyses of pooled data from a clinical trial that prescribed park visits to children and their caregivers in a low-income, urban setting. Data were collected at the prescribing visit (baseline) and at one and three months of follow up from 78 families. Family characteristics were identified at baseline; regression models were used to explore changes during follow up in associations of park use with knowledge, attitudes and perceived access to parks. At baseline, park users differed from non-users in demographics, knowledge of park locations, attitudes about the value of park visits, but not affinity for nature. Park users were also more likely than non-users to feel that their neighborhood was safe for children to play in. Changes in knowledge of park locations, nature affinity, and perceived access to parks were each significantly associated with increased park use by families at one and three months after the park prescription. Adjusting for age, gender, race, poverty, and US birth, increases in knowing the location of parks were associated with an increase of 0.27 weekly park visits (95% CI 0.05, 0.49; p = 0.016); increases in feeling a caregiver had money to visit parks were associated with 0.48 more weekly park visits (95% CI 0.28, 0.69; p < 0.001); increases in perceived money for park outings were associated with 0.24 increased park visits per week (95% CI 0.05, 0.42; p = 0.01); each unit increase in nature affinity was associated with 0.34 more weekly park visits (95% CI 0.09, 0.59; p = 0.007). In other words, knowing where to go, valuing nature, and having time, and money contributed to increased likelihood of visiting a park. We discuss in terms of health behavior theory how demographics, knowledge, attitudes and perceived barriers to park use can inform park prescription interventions.
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Keywords:
park use; pediatrics; health; park prescriptions; behavioral theory
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MDPI and ACS Style
Razani, N.; Hills, N.K.; Thompson, D.; Rutherford, G.W. The Association of Knowledge, Attitudes and Access with Park Use before and after a Park-Prescription Intervention for Low-Income Families in the U.S.. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 701.
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