Psoriasis Increases the Risk of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Longitudinal Follow Up Study Using a National Sample Cohort
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population and Data Collection
2.2. Participant Selection
2.3. Variables
2.4. Statistical Analyses
2.5. Availability of Data and Materials
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Total Participants | ||
---|---|---|---|
Psoriasis (n, %) | Control (n, %) | p-Value | |
Age (years old) | 1.000 | ||
0–4 | 127 (1.0) | 508 (1.0) | |
5–9 | 251 (2.0) | 1004 (2.0) | |
10–14 | 460 (3.6) | 1840 (3.6) | |
15–19 | 614 (4.8) | 2456 (4.8) | |
20–24 | 785 (6.1) | 3140 (6.1) | |
25–29 | 995 (7.7) | 3980 (7.7) | |
30–34 | 1138 (8.8) | 4552 (8.8) | |
35–39 | 1207 (9.4) | 4828 (9.4) | |
40–44 | 1235 (9.6) | 4940 (9.6) | |
45–49 | 1264 (9.8) | 5056 (9.8) | |
50–54 | 1179 (9.2) | 4716 (9.2) | |
55–59 | 937 (7.3) | 3748 (7.3) | |
60–64 | 807 (6.3) | 3228 (6.3) | |
65–69 | 715 (5.6) | 2860 (5.6) | |
70–74 | 583 (4.5) | 2332 (4.5) | |
75–79 | 317 (2.5) | 1268 (2.5) | |
80–84 | 167 (1.3) | 668 (1.3) | |
85+ | 83 (0.6) | 332 (0.6) | |
Sex | 1.000 | ||
Male | 7129 (55.4) | 28,516 (55.4) | |
Female | 5735 (44.6) | 22,940 (44.6) | |
Income | 1.000 | ||
1 (lowest) | 258 (2.0) | 1032 (2.0) | |
2 | 844 (6.6) | 3376 (6.6) | |
3 | 828 (6.4) | 3312 (6.4) | |
4 | 937 (7.3) | 3748 (7.3) | |
5 | 1066 (8.3) | 4264 (8.3) | |
6 | 1118 (8.7) | 4472 (8.7) | |
7 | 1294 (10.1) | 5176 (10.1) | |
8 | 1337 (10.4) | 5348 (10.4) | |
9 | 1540 (12.0) | 6160 (12.0) | |
10 | 1734 (13.5) | 6936 (13.5) | |
11 (highest) | 1908 (14.8) | 7632 (14.8) | |
Charlson Comorbidity index | <0.001 * | ||
0 | 5674 (44.1) | 25,311 (49.2) | |
1 | 1553 (12.1) | 5990 (11.6) | |
2 | 1518 (11.8) | 5721 (11.1) | |
3 | 1231 (9.6) | 4373 (8.5) | |
≥4 | 2888 (22.5) | 10,061 (19.6) | |
SSNHL | 69 (0.5) | 185 (0.4) | 0.004 * |
Characteristics | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Crude | p-Value | Adjusted †,‡ | p-Value | ||
Psoriasis | 0.005 * | 0.010 * | |||
Yes | 1.49 (1.13–1.97) | 1.44 (1.09–1.90) | |||
No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Chaacteristics | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Crude | p-Value | Adjusted †,‡ | p-Value | ||
0–29 years old, n = 16,160 | |||||
Psoriasis | 0.381 | 0.471 | |||
Yes | 1.47 (0.62–3.50) | 1.38 (0.57–3.29) | |||
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
30–59 years old, n = 34,800 | |||||
Psoriasis | 0.011 * | 0.023 * | |||
Yes | 1.57 (1.11–2.21) | 1.50 (1.06–2.12) | |||
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
60+ years old, n = 13,360 | |||||
Psoriasis | 0.311 | 0.329 | |||
Yes | 1.33 (0.77–2.30) | 1.32 (0.76–2.28) | |||
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
Men, n = 35,645 | |||||
Psoriasis | 0.003 * | 0.006 * | |||
Yes | 1.77 (1.22–2.58) | 1.70 (1.17–2.49) | |||
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
Women, n = 28,675 | |||||
Psoriasis | 0.313 | 0.390 | |||
Yes | 1.24 (0.82–1.86) | 1.20 (0.79–1.81) | |||
No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
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Choi, H.G.; Park, B.; Hong, S.M.; Park, I.-S.; Kim, S.K. Psoriasis Increases the Risk of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Longitudinal Follow Up Study Using a National Sample Cohort. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 9310. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249310
Choi HG, Park B, Hong SM, Park I-S, Kim SK. Psoriasis Increases the Risk of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Longitudinal Follow Up Study Using a National Sample Cohort. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(24):9310. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249310
Chicago/Turabian StyleChoi, Hyo Geun, Bumjung Park, Seok Min Hong, Il-Seok Park, and Sung Kyun Kim. 2020. "Psoriasis Increases the Risk of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Longitudinal Follow Up Study Using a National Sample Cohort" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 24: 9310. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249310
APA StyleChoi, H. G., Park, B., Hong, S. M., Park, I.-S., & Kim, S. K. (2020). Psoriasis Increases the Risk of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Longitudinal Follow Up Study Using a National Sample Cohort. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(24), 9310. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249310